Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - Graduation thesis - How to write a research outline
How to write a research outline
Question 1: How to write the outline of the research report? How to write a research report: the steps and contents of the research report (1), the title 1, the content type, the orientation and function of the topic selection; 2) Writing requirements: the title should be accurate; The title should be novel and diverse; The title should be concise; 2) Signature 1, signature method, collective signature and individual signature; 2) The contribution of signature rules: putting forward research ideas, undertaking research work and solving key problems. (3) abstract keywords 1, abstract: central content, structure, main arguments and comments; The requirements are focused, concise and clear, generally without the first person, 200-300 words is appropriate. Academic papers should not exceed 1000 words, and relevant publications should have Chinese and English abstracts. 2. Keywords: must be standardized scientific terminology. Generally, each article has 3 to 5 keywords (keywords). Belongs to the pillar concept. (4) Preface 1, content: the origin of the problem; Literature review: definition of theme (explanation of conceptual terms) and statement of problems; Theoretical and practical significance of the research. 2. Writing requirements: the topic should be clearly and accurately stated and the center should be prominent; Evaluate other people's research results objectively, fairly, scientifically and accurately; Briefly introduce the motivation and significance of the research. (V) Text 1, content: It is necessary to comprehensively expound and demonstrate the contents and methods of the research, comprehensively and systematically sort out and analyze the data obtained in the research process, and put forward arguments, analytical arguments and arguments through charts, statistical results and documents, or through vertical development process or horizontal category analysis. The research report is divided into: 1, research object and method 2, research content and hypothesis 3, research steps and process 4, analysis and discussion of research results: the key part of the research report. A. qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results, B. discussion of the research results. Results The reasons for the lack of materials were as follows: the research design lacked a systematic view, the thinking of discussing problems was narrow, the operation process was not in place, the operation measures were not implemented, and people could not have a profound feeling and experience. Lack of literature retrieval, lack of understanding of other people's research, lack of objectivity and support for their own results discussion. Measurement methods and means are difficult to determine, and data processing and analysis requirements are difficult to choose. The analysis and discussion of the results need the theoretical literacy and insight of researchers, and it is impossible to put forward the development direction for the next research. 2. Writing requirements: overall requirements: scientific and creative; Fairness and accuracy; Academics and popularization. The specific requirements are: 1, and the materials should be fully mastered. 2. Analysis and arrangement should be scientific. 3. Use charts appropriately. 4. The viewpoint materials should be unified. 5. Language use should be standardized. Correctly distinguish between academic concepts and life concepts, spoken language and written language. 6. Be careful when quoting arguments. Meet and confirm; Some good ideas in other people's views should be refined and synthesized; One-sided truth, pioneering thinking and careful judgment; Contrary to the authoritative point of view, find out what is wrong. (Cite the past but not the present, cite foreign countries and China, cite publications and monographs, and cite anthologies) 7. Internal logic should be strict. 8. The serial number of book titles should be standardized. 9. The discussion section should be concise. (vi) Conclusion 1. Content: Summary and generalization of the whole report. Summary of results (conclusion must point out which problems have been solved and which problems have not been solved? ); Future research prospects; Suggestions on education and teaching practice. 2. Requirements: summarize the full text, deepen the theme, reveal the law and point out the direction.

Question 2: How to write the format requirements of project research plan (or opening report). Generally, it includes: subject name, background, reasons, summary of domestic and foreign achievements, research content, objectives, methods, steps and expected results. Please refer to the following one I designed: floating

1. Title: Feasibility study of artificial intelligence.

2. Origin of the topic: With the development of the times, the social division of labor is becoming more and more complicated, and some jobs are very dangerous. On the other hand, with the improvement of economic level, people's living needs are getting higher and higher, and more and more people urgently need to enter the enjoyment level from the consumption level. The purpose of people's production is to pursue a better life. The contradiction between the two causes the existing manpower to fail to meet the needs of social production development, and a more developed and efficient production tool is urgently needed to replace manpower in the production process. Only in this way can people's quality of life be improved to the greatest extent, and the stress, tension and mental illness of modern people can be fundamentally alleviated, which is also conducive to the construction of our harmonious society. With the continuous development of computer technology, we see hope in it. It relies on computer technology to develop artificial intelligence and enter the field of production and life.

3. Purpose and significance of the research: This topic studies the feasibility of developing artificial intelligence by discussing the principle of artificial intelligence. The development of artificial intelligence will greatly improve social productivity, improve our quality of life, and contribute to social, cultural and educational reform.

4. Activity plan and activity steps: (including division of labor, if possible, it is best to add a timetable)

(1) The team leader is responsible for data collection, inquiry and arrangement, and completes the literature review on artificial intelligence;

(2) The two team members are responsible for understanding relevant theoretical knowledge such as artificial intelligence principles through data query;

(3) Two team members understand the feasibility of artificial intelligence by interviewing computer experts;

(4) All team members understand the working pressure of factory workers and people's living conditions through interviews and observations, and understand people's needs;

(5) All team members collate and analyze the information inquired and collected to complete the research.

5. Feasibility analysis:

(1) Our research group is very interested in computer technology and has a good foundation, especially in artificial intelligence.

(2) Contacted computer teachers and computer experts from scientific research institutes as instructors;

(3) There are many theoretical research results of artificial intelligence, which provide rich basic support for our research;

(4) We have collected a lot of relevant materials and books.

6. Division of labor among groups: (see 4)

7. Research methods: literature research, interview and observation.

8. Expected results: papers, research reports and interview investigation reports.

9. Presentation: slides, experimental models and oral reports.

Question 3: How to write the outline of argumentative essay! Format! 1. Establish an argument-the point you want to express.

2. Establish an argument-it can prove the basis of your point of view, or it can be factual or reasonable (it must be able to support your point of view).

3. Argumentation-In the process of expressing opinions, you can put facts and reason, or you can put facts and reason, but you should pay attention to strict logic before you can be accepted and persuaded.

Argumentative writing has no prescribed format, only one structure for reference. I don't know if it suits you.

1. The basic structure is to ask questions (introduction), analyze problems (theory) and solve problems (conclusion).

2. If we analyze the logical relationship of the content of the article, the specific structure of the argumentative paper can be divided into two categories: a. Vertical: progressive discussion structure. Example 1. "Step by step" type, first put forward the argument, then demonstrate it from the opposite side, and then further discuss it from the front. Example 2. "Link from the past to the present" type: break the topic at the beginning and lead to discussion questions (from the beginning). Then take the beginning and explain the problem (commitment) discussed; Is to prove the argument from all angles (turn); In the final analysis, it is (together). Example 3. Parallel structure. B. Horizontal type: a discussion structure developed side by side, for example, there is a "general theory-sub-theory-general theory" type, in which arguments are put forward first, then expounded from several aspects, and finally summarized; There is a style of "general theory-divided theory", which first puts forward arguments and then demonstrates them from several aspects. There is a style of "divided theory-general theory". The things to be discussed are always analyzed in several aspects, and then a comprehensive conclusion is drawn. In a word, to analyze the structure of an argumentative essay, we should first understand the internal relationship between paragraph levels, and also pay attention to the transitional paragraphs, transitional sentences and transitional words that serve as a link between the preceding and the following.

Question 4: How to write the outline of an argumentative essay? 1. Establish an argument-the point you want to express.

2. Establish an argument-it can prove the basis of your point of view, or it can be factual or reasonable (it must be able to support your point of view).

3. Argumentation-In the process of expressing opinions, Fu can put facts and reason, or both, but he must pay attention to strict logic before he can be accepted and persuaded.

Question 5: How to write the outline of graduation thesis? There is no fixed form for graduation thesis, but the common ones are: 1. Thesis title The title of the graduation thesis is the outline of the thesis, which should be carefully scrutinized and fully considered from all angles to select the most suitable one. In principle, the topic should be simple and clear, which can reflect the main content of the graduation thesis, so that readers can see at a glance what the central content of the thesis is to say, and can't be vague. Language should also be supplemented and attract readers' attention. The topic of graduation thesis can't arouse readers' curiosity through artistic processing like novels and essays. The title of the paper should be directly understood by people at first glance. Therefore, we should adopt direct and positive methods to improve the content of the paper, instead of using strange artistic techniques. Don't be too long, try to be within 20 words. 2. Content The graduation thesis should be written in a long directory, so that people can understand the general content of the thesis at a glance. The number of pages should be marked in the table of contents so that the reviewers can read the paper. 3. The abstract of the content requires prompting the main points of the paper, so that readers can grasp the main points of the paper at a glance. At present, there is a general structure summary, including research objectives, methods, results and conclusions. To have a high degree of generality, the main points of the paper should be fully reflected, concise, clear and fluent. 4. The text includes preface, materials and methods, results and discussion. It mainly includes three main parts: preface, this article and conclusion. The preface should briefly explain the theme of the topic, the motivation and reasons for writing, the research methods and the content of the paper, usually a few hundred words. This theory is the core of the whole paper, occupying the most space, and must be treated with caution when writing. In this part, the author should analyze, demonstrate and clarify his own views and opinions on the problems studied. Conclusion: To write this part concisely, we should not only consider the coordination with the preface, but also consider the connection with this part. The conclusion should be the inevitable result of this part. In the discussion part, we can compare the previous research with our own research results, put forward our own views and opinions, and put forward the direction and tendentious opinions worthy of further study. 5. References should be listed at the end of graduation thesis. The advantages of listing references are: once the citation is found wrong, it is easy to find it; Examiners can see the author's reading scope and efforts from the listed references for reference. 6. Binding of paper All relevant parts of the paper have been copied out. After inspection, there is no problem. Put it in the book and add a cover. The cover of graduation thesis should be concise and generous, and the title, school, department, instructor's name, author's name and completion date should be written. The author's name of the thesis topic must be written on the surface, not on the supplementary page inside. The cover can be written like this (different schools have different requirements): ××× year × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × day × month × month × day × month × month × month × month × month × month × month × month × month × month × month × month

Question 6: How to write the outline of the thesis, the writing format and requirements of the graduation design report.

(1) The report is written in pen, a graduation design paper for science and engineering, and a 400-word manuscript paper for liberal arts. Chinese characters require the use of simplified Chinese characters published by the government, and all foreign letters are written in imitation printing; The unit of measurement is based on the International System of Units (ISO); Remarks at the end of the remarks page (that is, put the remarks at the bottom of the remarks page); Formulas and charts shall be numbered in sequence and correspond to the text.

(2) The drawing size shall conform to the national standard, the pattern shall be neat, the layout shall be reasonable, the line thickness shall be uniform, the circular arc connection shall be smooth, the size shall be standardized, and the text notes shall be written in engineering words. Charts should be drawn according to the specified requirements or engineering requirements.

(3) Reference format: scientific books and monographs: principal, title, publishing unit, publishing time and page number; Scientific papers: person in charge, title of the paper, name of publishing unit, year, volume (issue) and page number.

Binding requirements of graduation design report

The graduation design report is bound into a book separately, using a unified cover.

Question 7: How to write the outline of the paper? 1 topic

2 Introduction

3 Keywords 4 content

5 references

Six words of thanks

Question 8: Ask for the outline of the feasibility study report and give you an outline.

Feasibility study report (abstract)

The first chapter is an overview.

I. Overview of the project

Second, the basis for preparing the feasibility study report

Third, the comprehensive evaluation and demonstration conclusion

Chapter II Project Background and Necessity

I. Background of Project Construction

Second, the development status of agricultural industrialization in the project area

Three. The Necessity, Purpose and Significance of Project Construction

Chapter III Construction Conditions

I. Overview of the Project Area

Second, the favorable conditions for project implementation (environment, resources, labor, transportation, education, etc.). )

Third, the main obstacles and solutions

Chapter IV Basic Information of the Construction Unit

I. General situation of the construction unit

Second, research and development capabilities.

Third, the financial situation of the enterprise.

Chapter V Market Analysis and Sales Plan

I. Market analysis

Second, the product production and sales plan

Third, the sales strategy and marketing model

Fourth, the sales team and sales network construction

Chapter VI Project Construction Scheme

I. Construction tasks and scale

Second, the project planning and layout

Three. Production technical scheme and process flow

Four, the project construction standards and specific construction content

Verb (abbreviation of verb) project implementation schedule

Chapter VII Investment Estimation and Fund Raising

I. Basis for investment estimation

Second, the project construction investment estimation

III. Sources of funds and financing

Fourth, the use and management of funds.

Chapter VIII Financial Evaluation (in bold type)

First, the basis of financial evaluation

Two, sales revenue and sales tax and additional estimates

Three. Estimation of total cost and operating cost

Fourth, the financial benefit analysis:

(1) profitability analysis;

Liquidity analysis

Analysis on the uncertainty of verb (abbreviation of verb);

(1) break-even point analysis;

(2) Sensitivity analysis

Financial evaluation conclusion of intransitive verbs

Chapter IX Environmental Impact Assessment

I. Environmental impact

Second, environmental protection and governance measures

Chapter X Evaluation of Agricultural Industrialization Management and Farmers' Income Increase Effect

I. Agricultural industrialization management

Second, increase farmers' income.

Three. Other social impacts (social benefits and environmental benefits)

Chapter II XI Project Organization and Management

I. Organizational structure and division of functions

Second, the project management model

Third, management measures.

Fourth, technical training.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) labor protection and safety and health

Chapter XII Conclusions and Suggestions of Feasibility Study

I. Conclusion

Second, suggestions