Xunzi was a thinker and educator in ancient China, a Confucian school in the pre-Qin period and a master of simple materialism. Xunzi has twenty volumes, written by Xunzi and his disciples.
Write pinyin with the following words: a moment, y, a boat, j, a step, a horse, n, perseverance, qi, a stone that can be carved, l, u, Ji, ancient and modern synonyms: 1 Earthworms have no claws and teeth; Modern meaning: accomplice, running dog. 2. The ancient meaning of gold: metal products, this generation refers to metal swords, etc. Modern meaning: gold.
3. A gentleman is knowledgeable and participates in the ancient meaning: stop; Modern significance: exploration and understanding. Find out the following common words and explain them: think that the wheel is connected with the word "Yu" and bake the wood with fire to bend it.
Although there are storms, there is "re-" Expose and dry.
If you know what you are doing, there is nothing wrong with it. You know how to be "smart" and wise. A gentleman is born with "sex", talent and qualification.
Usage: The wood in the middle of the rope is straight, thinking it is a wheel. The use of verbs, the use of technology.
A gentleman is learned, and every day he participates. Nouns are adverbials, every day. Eat Egyptian soil, drink yellow water and go up; Down, down; Nouns as adverbials.
Non-profit is enough-water is enough, nouns are verbs, and feet are walking. Water, nouns as verbs, swimming.
The word is ambiguous: jade: green, take it from blue, and green is blue: ratio. Ice, water for it, is colder than water.
Good and false: right, right. Chi: Perseverance: pronoun.
The sign of attributive postposition. Green, taken from blue: pronoun.
Worms don't have the advantages of minions: the sign of attributive postposition. It is not as good as what you learned in an instant: it is not the point where snakes and eels have no sustenance: yes.
Let nature take its course: pronoun, wood. It is better to be knowledgeable: abolish subject-predicate independence.
But: the superficial turning point: the cold in the water leads thousands of miles, and the rivers are cut off. The person who hears it is shine on you, and the person who sees it is far from the surface: the wind is screaming, inviting me to taste it, looking forward to it all day, thinking about it. Side by side: If you know what you are doing, there is nothing wrong. The crab kneels six times, and the second claw table is progressive: the gentleman is knowledgeable, and the Japanese ginseng is causal; And the immortal is satisfied: the persevering person is a fake boat, but he can't swim and can't escape the river.
Person, pronoun The "writing structure" that constitutes nouns is "writing people".
Although there is a crisis, those who no longer stand up will let it be natural. Writer, auxiliary word, pause, prompt the following reasons.
Eight, the special judgment sentence 1, despite the storm, no longer stand up, let nature take its course. Even if it is dried by the wind and the sun, it can't be straight anymore, because of craftsmanship.
2, climbing the mountain, the arm is not lengthened, but the viewer is far away; Climb high, wave your hands, your arms are not long, but people in the distance can see them; A gentleman's talent is no different from ordinary people, but he is good at using foreign things. Fixed sentence patterns are not hierarchical, so they are thousands of miles away; If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become rivers and seas: "There is no way …" and "There is no way …"
(So you can't take Wan Li Road without accumulating steps; You can't be a river or an ocean without a converging stream. ) Attributive Earthworms don't have the advantages of minions, and their bones and muscles are strong. It eats the earth and drinks the yellow earth on purpose.
Earthworms have no sharp claws and strong bones, but they can eat the soil above and drink the underground spring water below, because they have 1 and green after the prepositional structure, which is taken from blue, and green is blue; Ice and water are cooler than water.
Indigo is extracted from bluegrass, but it is darker than bluegrass. Ice is condensed from water, but it is cooler than water. 2, ice, water, but colder than water.
Ice is condensed from water, which is cooler than water. "Shi Shuo" Han Yu, the word back, was originally from Changli, Hebei Province, and was called "Han Changli" in the world.
He was an advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature", and in Ming Dynasty, he was listed as the first of the "eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi.
"Shuo" is a style in ancient Chinese and belongs to the category of argumentative writing. It can be described first and then discussed, or it can be described first and then discussed. "Say" is more casual than "say".
The story of a snake catcher, a horse, etc. What I learned in junior high school belongs to the genre of "saying" Generally, I state my views on something.
This paper expounds the author's views on learning from teachers. Ancient and modern synonyms: (1) Ancient scholars must learn the ancient meaning: people who read.
Modern meaning: people who have achieved something in their studies. (2) Therefore, preaching and teaching to solve doubts is also an ancient meaning: use.
Modern meaning: conjunction, indicating causality. (3) primary school is a heritage, but I can't see its ancient meaning: primary school today: primary school education school (4) I learn from the ancient meaning: follow, follow; Also, conjunctions.
Modern meaning: conjunction. (5) The ancient meaning of modern people: ordinary people.
Today: Many people. Find out the following common words and explain them: pass on a message to solve doubts: teach together, teach together.
I don't know what to look at: teasing, pause. Or not, or not: the same or different.
Flexible use: I learn from it: take …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Be ashamed to learn from the teacher.
Beneath it, saints are far away: beneath it, nouns are verbs. So saints are good for saints and fools are good for fools: adjectives of saints and fools are used as nouns.
Polysemy: Love my son, choose a teacher to teach him: pronoun, he is a skilled witch doctor: pronoun, these teachers are gone: structural auxiliary words, cancel independence. I don't know what to read: it means that the six art classics of prepositional objects are well known. Xi zhi: pronoun, which stands for "six art classics" Ancient scholar: auxiliary words, whose words I have heard before. Pronouns, confused people, and finally confused people. Pronouns refer to saints, all from this. Adverbs are probably born in my life. Pronouns, who are ignorant.
Taoism is the first thing I know: truth is my teacher; The reason is similar; Moral knowledge has not been passed down for a long time; Fashionable Yu Jiaqi can be an ancient road: those who study the ancient times must have teachers: teachers, witches, musicians and artists: Confucius, teachers, teachers, teachers, teachers, teachers, teachers and so on.
2. Senior high school classical Chinese must recite the text abstract floor: 3 [thinking analysis] Read it silently for several times first, and then recite [problem solving process] on the basis of being familiar with the text content. Recite classical Chinese: 1, understanding method. If you can understand a classical Chinese into modern Chinese, it is not difficult to recite it. Only by reciting on the basis of understanding can we "know why" and "know why". 2, copy back method. It's better to say it ten times with your mouth than with your hands. When you come across some very difficult and forgiving sentences, you can copy them down and recite them at the same time, so that the effect of reciting will be better. "Back" can copy whole sentences, as well as key words and uncommon words. 3. Beading method. This is a figurative statement. If every sentence in the article is compared to a bead, then the whole article is like a bead. For the more difficult classical Chinese paragraphs, they can be dispersed sentence by sentence and then connected in series. 4. Tips. Usually in the process of reciting the text, it is often "stuck" because of individual oranges. If you can extract the key words of each sentence and copy them down in turn, it will be easy to remember the whole sentence with the tips of these key words in the process of reciting. If these keywords can be summarized into an outline, it will not only help to recite, but also help to understand the text. 5. Association method. The sentence patterns in classical Chinese are mostly neat. Parallelism is often used, and there are many antithetical sentences, repetitive sentences and parallelism sentences. With the content of the previous sentence, we can infer the following sentences. For example, in the Analects of Confucius, "learning without thinking is useless", and the next sentence forms a binary opposition with it; For another example, the sentences about peony, chrysanthemum and lotus in Ailian Shuo can be linked with their symbolic meanings respectively, and the understanding of sentences can be deepened through association, so the recitation of sentences born through association is called "association method". 6. Performance method. There are many narrative fragments in classical Chinese. Being in a live performance can improve the interest in reciting and deepen the impression of sentences. For example, in Stomatology, "All the guests stood in two stops and wanted to go first, without changing their faces." Another example is the "three people in one ship" in a nuclear ship. If one or several of us perform live according to the plot of the text, we will recite it very quickly and firmly. If you can recite a specific article by combining the above methods, the effect will be better. Reciting modern Chinese (1) is understood and recited in layers. This is the most commonly used method. If you want to remember a text or a paragraph, you must first understand its meaning, what it said, what it said in several layers, and what each layer said. Understand this, you will deepen your impression and recite it easily. When reciting, treat the text one by one according to separate paragraphs, and longer paragraphs can also be treated one by one according to the subdivided small levels. First of all, we must understand its meaning. After reading it once or twice, try to recite it layer by layer. If you encounter difficulties, turn over the text to get familiar with it, so as to "expand the results" layer by layer and finally recite the full text. This method can not only exercise the ability of layering, but also help to understand the text. (2) Read less and remember more. Psychological experiments have proved that the greater the proportion of time spent trying to recall, the better the memory effect. In addition, psychological research also found that it is better to try to recall the material in time after reading it once or twice than to try to recall it after reading it three or four times. Instead of memorizing meaningful materials, it is better to try to recall relatively meaningless materials that need mechanical memory. (3) Text and picture conversion method. On the basis of understanding, a paragraph of text transforms abstract language into image information and stores it in your mind, so as to find out what is above the picture, what is below, what is the distance from front to back, left and right, and what is the whole article. Then close your eyes and meditate, and store the picture clearly and firmly in your mind, which will be more convenient to recite. This method is memorable and unforgettable, and can cultivate imagination. (4) Keyword connection memory method. In recitation, it often happens that a well-recited article is stuck by some words. Some of these words are related words, some are new words and some are key words. At this time, as long as someone reminds you, you can pick it up quickly. This shows that back related words, new words and keywords can enhance the reciting effect. If you remember the key words and sentences, connect them into a line and keep this line in mind, it will be easy to recite. Connect the key words and recite them. The specific notation is: when reading for the first time or the second time, find out the logical connection between the materials, and on this basis, determine several key sentences and keywords as clues for memory. Then, find out the relationship between key sentences, keywords and other content. When reciting, you can use key sentences and keywords to integrate the fragments of each part. (5) Timing and quick memory. When reading and reciting, give yourself a limited time and a specified number. Recite an article in one minute and read it twice in three minutes. Speed up your reading. Faster first, faster, faster, faster, faster, faster and better, forcing your attention to be highly concentrated, allowing memory information to be quickly input into your brain, gaining a strong impression and achieving the purpose of memory. (6) Reading and reciting alternately. Ask others to accompany you softly when reciting, so that you can recite while reading. One reads softly, the other recites slowly, exchanges exercises with each other, and then supervises each other. Or ask students who already know how to recite to accompany you when you recite, and use straps to carry it. In short, no matter which method is used to recite the text, understanding is the first, and understanding is the basis of memorizing. It is easy to remember when you understand it. Don't learn by rote, so even if you remember, it won't be long before you come back to life.
3. A high score rewards several high school classical Chinese knowledge. 1. Appreciation of The Book of Songs Feng Wei Meng Meng The Book of Songs is a narrative poem mixed with lyricism.
Through a divorced woman's self-report, it describes enthusiastically and vividly the process of her love, marriage, abuse and abandonment with Mongolia, expresses her attitude of regret and rejection, and profoundly reflects the phenomenon that women in ancient society were oppressed and damaged in love and marriage. Before marriage, she bravely broke through the shackles of etiquette and resolutely lived with Meng, which was commendable at that time.
It stands to reason that married life should be harmonious and beautiful. However, contrary to expectations, in order to protect herself, she was used like an ox or a horse, even beaten and abandoned.
Why? It was because women had no status in society and family at that time, but were only vassals of their husbands. This political and economic inequality determines the inequality between men and women in marriage, which enables Mongolians to play with and abuse women at will with impunity, and have the right to abandon their wives and dissolve their engagement.
The word "from chaos to abandonment" can summarize the evil behavior of self-protection to women. Therefore, although she bravely broke through the feudal shackles, she ended up with the fate of a woman who resigned under the pressure of her parents' orders and matchmakers' words.
"The scholar's anxiety can still be said;" Don't tell me about your daughter's worry! "The poet's complaints about the injustice of this society have deepened the ideological significance of this poem. The tragic experience of the heroine in the poem can be said to be the epitome of Qian Qian's female fate which was absolutely oppressed and hurt in the class society, so it can win the admiration of later readers.
The structure of the poem "Dream" accords with its story, and also with the passionate and ups-and-downs emotion when the author narrates it. This poem consists of six chapters, each with ten sentences.
The first and second chapters are retrospection. In the first chapter, I stated that I was determined by my first love. The second chapter describes that he fell in love, broke through the shackles of the matchmaker's words and married Meng.
When the poet narrates here, his emotions are extremely passionate, and his grief and remorse are intertwined, interrupting the narrative. In the third chapter, she tells a group of innocent and beautiful young girls, tells them not to indulge in love, and points out the inequality between men and women.
The fourth chapter expresses the ungrateful resentment of self-protection. She pointed out that this is not the fault of women, but the capriciousness of self-protection. The fifth chapter, followed by a narrative, describes her labor and abuse after marriage, as well as her brother's ridicule and self-injury.
The sixth chapter describes the love in childhood and the deviation today, denounces the hypocrisy and deception of self-protection, and firmly expresses the feelings of self-protection. These are the reappearance of the author's experience, inner activities and emotional changes, and the structure is rigorous, forming an eternal and moving poem.
The poem "Dream" also has high artistic achievements, mainly in the following aspects: (1) The realistic writing method "Dream" is the representation of the poet's typical emotions in real life. Poets unconsciously used realistic creative methods to express their tragic experiences through singing, which played a reflective and critical role in the social reality at that time.
Dream is a folk song, and it is written orally. At first, it was widely circulated among the people. After repeated singing and constant revision by countless working people, such a complete poem was formed until the time of writing.
In the process of spreading, people have permeated their feelings about love and marriage into singing, so the works are full of realism. The heroine in the poem describes her own personal experiences and feelings, all of which are true feelings.
And this kind of true feelings is universal and typical in class society. Poets are good at grasping all kinds of complex contradictions in the subject matter.
She caught the contradiction between herself and Meng, as the agent of husband's power. They changed from the relationship between husband and wife to the relationship between oppression and oppression, revealing the social reality of the patriarchal system. She grasped the contradiction between herself and her brother, reflected the social morality and public opinion at that time, was the thought centered on husband's rights, and was the helpless reality of abandoning her wife.
She grasped her inner contradiction: can she live together without parents' orders and matchmaker before marriage? I am happy when I see self-protection, but I am sad when I don't see self-protection. How to solve the contradiction between seeing and not seeing? These intricate contradictions constitute the main contradiction of poetry-the contradiction between feudal ethical code system and women's desire for a happy family life. This was an extremely remarkable and universal phenomenon in the society at that time.
Secondly, the poet Meng is good at portraying characters. There are two distinct images in Meng.
One is cunning and ungrateful self-protection, and the other is kind-hearted abandonment. Self-protection means that farmers go into exile from other places in order to defend the country. "Bao Bumao" pointed out that he was still a small businessman.
At first, he was hypocritical and honest, hypocritical and enthusiastic, hypocritical and loyal. He cheated an innocent and beautiful girl by hypocritical means and got her love, body, labor and furniture.
After marriage, he showed his true colors. I used to swear every day, but now I have changed my mind. I used to be very affectionate with her, but now I am very "violent", not only abusing her, but even kicking her out of the house.
Some people say: Meng was a sheep before marriage and a wolf after marriage. This metaphor is vivid and accurate. The image of self-protection is the product of the husband's power system and the product of businessmen's mercenary.
The poem also depicts the image of a kind working woman. At first, she may be engaged in some sideline business of sericulture and reeling, so she has some savings. She was innocent and inexperienced, so that she agreed to her heart at once.
Seeing that Meng was unhappy, she quickly comforted: "I will have no regrets, and autumn will continue for a while." She is affectionate and really loves to protect herself. When she can't see him, she will "cry" and when she sees him, she will "laugh".
She is brave and dares to live with Meng without media. She was very loyal and moved herself and her belongings to Meng's house by car.
After marriage, she lived in poverty and lived a hard life of self-protection. She works hard and does housework together.
She is very down-to-earth. When her family gets better and her husband abuses her, she always loves to protect herself (and her daughter is unhappy). After being abandoned, she was strong and resolute, calm and rational, saw the hypocrisy and ugliness of self-protection, and resolutely refused to fight against self-protection.
She changed from a simple, affectionate and brave girl to a hard-working and humiliating wife, and then to a strong and determined divorcee. Her character developed with the change of her relationship with Mongols.
Through the sharp contrast between self-protection and female images, this poem can't tell who is true and who is false, who is good and who is evil, who is beautiful and who is ugly. At that time, the real face of the unequal society between men and women was not like this. Institute.
4. Summary of function words in classical Chinese in senior high school 1. and
(1) used as a conjunction. 1. indicates a coordinate relationship. Generally, it is not translated, and sometimes it can be translated as "you".
(1) The crab kneels six times and pinches twice, but no one sends it to the snake and scorpion cave ("Persuade to Learn"). (2) Although the Diaolou Pass is firm and guarded by one person, ten thousand people are not allowed ("Difficult Road to Shu").
(3) Save Zhao in the north, save Qin in the west, and cut by five tyrants ("Xinlingjun steals Zhao")
2. Represents a progressive relationship. It can be translated as "and" or "and".
This gentleman learned to save himself with Japanese ginseng. ("Encouraging Learning") Chu Huaiwang is greedy for Zhang Yi, so he is absolutely neat ("Biography of Qu Yuan")
(3) Looking back at the scenery of the sun, we can see the west peak, win the sun or not, all of which are bitter ("Climbing Mount Tai")
(4) with its thoughtful and do in also ("treasure toad hill")
3. Express commitment. It can be translated into "Jiu" and "Then" or not.
(1) Therefore, I let you eat the capital in order to win the position of welcoming guests ("Chen Qingbiao") (2), and I drew my sword and broke it. ("The Hongmen Banquet")
(3) People are not born to know, and no one can confuse them ("Shi Shuo")
4. It represents a turning point. It can be translated into "but" and "indeed".
(1) green, take it from blue, and green is blue ("Encourage Learning") (2) There is such a trend that it is robbed by the accumulated strength of the Qin people ("Six Kingdoms")
(3) letter also, my brother's virtue and the death of his heir ("Chen Qingbiao").
5. Represents a hypothetical relationship. It can be translated as "if" and "if".
(1) If you are interested, you can also expect horses. (Feng Wanzhen)
(2) death is known, and its geometry is from ("Sacrifice to Twelve Lang Wen")
6. Represents a modifying relationship, that is, a connecting adverbial. There is no translation.
(1) I tasted it and looked forward to it. Why don't you go climbing the mountain and have a look? (2) Fill it up, pick up the weapon, abandon the armor and leave ("I am also in the country")
King Xiang pressed the sword and said, "Who is the guest?" ("The Hongmen Banquet")
7. Show causality,
(1) I also regret that I can't enjoy traveling with my husband (Journey to Baochan Mountain) (2) I hate that my ability is useless (Battle of Red Cliffs).
8. express the purpose relationship,
(1) stand far-sighted, but see how lucky ("Epang Palace Fu") (2) Officials and people, seal the state treasury, wait for the generals ("Hongmen Banquet")
(2) Tong "er" as a pronoun is translated into "yours" by the second person; Occasionally it is also the subject, translated as "you".
(1) and Weng Gui, self-respecting several ears ("Promoting Weaving") (2) Every time they say Yu Yue: "Somewhere, and my mother is here" ("Ji Xiang Xuanzhi").
(3) Pass "Ru": It seems, like. (1) The army was surprised and bad. ("Check in")
It's just a modal particle at the end of the sentence, which means limitation, and it's equivalent to "JIU"
(1) Only a few dozen people shake their heads and stamp their feet in a short time ("Tiger Hill") (2) They have heard the Tao one after another and are good at art, that's all ("Teacher's Note").
(3) I decided to fly, gun Yu Fang and stop, when not, but by the ground control ("carefree").
Then, just now.
1) I try my best to die. (2) After March.
The situation is "what else", that is, to go further with a rhetorical question.
(1) Zhong Qing was placed in the water today, although the wind and waves could not sound. And the situation is stone! (2) The skills are not bad, but the situation is good!
(3) Although I am a fool, I know I can't do it, but I am wise (Ten Thoughts of Taizong)
Soon after, for a while.
(1) Later, please go to Wu Minzhi, according to the whole five people ("Five Tomb Monuments").
(2) The body was found in the well, thus turning anger into sorrow and shouting for the heart ("Promoting Weaving")
(3) later complained to my aunt, aunt love his son, can't royal (Liu Yichuan).
5. Grammar Summary of Classical Chinese in Senior High School The syntax of ancient Chinese and modern Chinese is basically the same, but there are some differences due to the development and evolution of languages. Mastering common classical Chinese sentence patterns different from modern Chinese is an essential ability to read classical Chinese. Here, we mainly master judgment sentences, passive sentences, inversion (variant) sentences and ellipsis sentences.
First, the true sentence:
The so-called judgment sentence is a sentence pattern that uses nouns, pronouns or noun phrases as predicates to judge the subject. Its common forms are as follows:
1, "Lian Po, Zhao Zhiliang will also. "
2. Adverbs Shi, Shi, Shi, Cheng and Wei are used to express judgment. For example, "Today is the autumn of great submission."
3. Negative adverbs "Fei", "No" and "Mo" are used to express negative judgments. For example, "six countries collapse, not bad soldiers, bad wars."
Second, passive sentences
The so-called passivity means that the relationship between subject and predicate is passive, that is, the subject is the passive and victim of the behavior expressed by the predicate verb, not the active and implementer.
Common types:
1, "see" "... see ... in" and "in" are passive voices. For example, "I often laugh at a generous family."
2. The phrases "for" and "for ..." are both passive. For example, "parents, clans, were all slaughtered."
Third, the ellipsis:
1, omit the subject.
Yongzhou produces different snakes in the wild, with black and white prints; When a snake touched the grass and trees, all the plants died.
◆ Pei Gong said to Sean: "(Gong) I will join the army and enter the public."
(Mencius) said, "Who is happy, alone or with others?" (The king) said,' If you are not with others.
2. omit the predicate. Such as: "One drum is full of gas, then (drum) declines, and three drums are exhausted."
3. Omit the object. For example, "You can burn it and leave."
4. Omit the prepositional object. Such as: "After public reading, Jie Ma Teng resumed his life and built a household."
5. Omit the preposition "Yu". For example, "this clock is placed in water, although it can't ring in wind and rain."
Fourth, inverted sentences:
Inverted sentences in classical Chinese are relative to the sentence order in modern Chinese. Based on this, we divide inversion sentences in classical Chinese into prepositional object, attributive postposition, adverbial postposition, verb inversion and so on.
1, preposition object:
The so-called prepositional object is usually used as an object and placed in front of the predicate verb to express emphasis. Preposition objects are usually divided into four situations:
(1), a pronoun preposition object in a negative sentence.
For example, "I was willing to take care of you when I was three years old." Shuoshu
"Don't be too confident" and "Zou Ji satirizes Wang Qi to teach"
Ancient people are not easy to bully! Su Shi in Shi Zhongshan's Story
However, if you are not the king, you will have nothing. I am loyal to my country.
This prepositional object must meet two conditions: first, the object must be a pronoun; Second, it must be a negative sentence.
(2) Pronouns and prepositions in interrogative sentences.
In classical Chinese, interrogative pronouns such as Who, He, Xi and An are often used before verbs.
For example, Liang asked, "What is your Majesty doing here?" Hongmen feast —banquet offered with ill intentions
Who are Xu Hongmei and me? Zou Ji satirized the King of Qi.
Pei Hongan is here? Hongmen feast —banquet offered with ill intentions
Fujin, why bother? Quit Qin Shi with the power of candles
(3) Preposition prepositional object
In modern Chinese, prepositions are followed by objects to form an object-object structure, which is used to modify verb predicates. In classical Chinese, the preposition object is often placed before the preposition, forming the phenomenon of inverted sentences.
Example: guess! Wes, who are we going home with? Yueyang Tower
Why else would this book be here? Hongmen feast —banquet offered with ill intentions
There is no anger in the child, and autumn lasts. Feng Wei? rank grass
What if I know? Free walk
(4) Special structure: use "zhi" and "shi" to advance the object.
Example: What crime did Song commit? (What's the crime of Song Guo? )
Obedience is listening (idiom)
Purely seeking profit (idiom)
Follow "Feng Wanzhen"
Only you are asking.
2, attributive postposition:
Usually, the attribute should be placed before the head word, but there are many sentences in classical Chinese that put the attribute after the head word. For example, "Earthworms have no advantages as minions, but their bones and muscles are strong. They eat the earth and drink yellow water, and they are also diligent. " Among them, "benefit" and "strength" are post-attributes. The attributive postposition in classical Chinese has the following situations.
V uses "zhi" as a postattribute. Such as: "How many people are there in the world?"
V uses the postposition of "zhe", such as "a horse can travel thousands of miles, and a stone can eat it all."
3. Adverbial Postposition
V in classical Chinese, prepositional structure as adverbial is often placed after a sentence as a complement. For example, "the poor speak better than the rich" and "the rich" are prepositional phrases, which are placed at the end of sentences as complements.
4. verb inversion
This kind of situation is rare, and a strong sigh is often expressed. For example, "Sorry, you don't like it." "Beautiful, I am a young man from China."