The theory of social capital reproduction shows that the two departments of social production and each department must maintain a certain proportion, so that the reproduction of social capital can proceed smoothly. However, due to the great progress of productive forces and the improvement of socialization process, the contradiction between socialization of production and private ownership of capitalist means of production has intensified, thus causing periodic economic crisis. Economic crisis refers to the relative overproduction crisis that broke out periodically in the process of capitalist economic development. When it broke out, it mainly showed as follows: a large number of goods were overstocked, a large number of factories reduced production or stopped work, financial enterprises closed down, the unemployed population increased sharply, a large number of products were destroyed, and the whole social and economic life was in chaos. After World War II, due to the further improvement of social productive forces, the contradiction between socialization of production and capitalist private possession of means of production is even more irreconcilable, which promotes the evolution of production relations. Capitalism began to develop from private monopoly to state monopoly, and the state's intervention in economic life was further strengthened, and a series of anti-crisis measures were taken, which made the capitalist relations of production adapt to the development of socialized mass production to a certain extent and alleviated various sharp economic contradictions caused by the economic crisis to a certain extent.

The purpose of capitalist countries' intervention and adjustment in social and economic activities is to adjust the interests of various economic components and social members and ensure the monopoly of the capitalist system by coordinating various proportional relations of social capitalist reproduction. The state's macro-control and intervention are mainly manifested in: by adjusting the smooth progress of local reproduction, making up for market defects and smoothing economic cycle fluctuations; Maintain the stability of capitalism by adjusting the interest relationship between monopoly capital and non-monopoly capital economic components, and alleviate class contradictions through income distribution policies, such as taxation and welfare policies.

There are many ways for capitalist countries to regulate economic activities. Different countries have different ways at the same time, and the same country will have different ways at different times, but in general, it can be divided into two categories: direct regulation and indirect regulation. Direct regulation is mainly through the direct combination of state and monopoly capital or through administrative legislation to directly intervene and regulate social and economic activities, while indirect regulation is mainly through economic means, using various economic parameters and market signals to guide and influence social and economic activities. To sum up, the measures mainly include

(1) fiscal policy: refers to the policy that a part of national income is concentrated in the hands of the state by virtue of political power and then distributed to the whole society;

(2) Monetary and credit policy: refers to the policy of the national bank to influence interest rates by expanding or reducing the money supply or credit, thus affecting social and economic life;

(3) Income distribution policy: refers to the way to sort out the distribution pattern by adjusting wages and prices;

(4) Planned adjustment: refers to the way that the state formulates and implements economic adjustment plans according to specific conditions to coordinate the proportional relationship of social reproduction and thus promote economic growth; ⑤ means of administrative legislation; ⑥ Social welfare policy.

These macro-control and intervention policies implemented by capitalist countries laid the foundation for the development of capitalist economy, especially the rapid development after the Second World War. At the same time, it also relieves the economic contradictions and class contradictions in capitalist society, which is of great help to improve and liberate productive forces. Although its purpose has obvious class color, the intervention and adjustment of the economy by capitalist countries also reflects the subjective requirements of socialized mass production and some laws of * * * under the condition of market economy, so it has reference significance.