However, with the diversified development of modern society and the increasingly complex living environment, it has brought great hidden dangers to people, especially children. In recent years, there are frequent unsafe incidents in kindergartens, such as traffic accidents, getting lost, taking the initiative to attack, falling from a height, foreign bodies in organs, food poisoning and so on. It has seriously damaged children's physical and mental health, and accidental injury has become the first killer that affects children's healthy growth. Children are curious, active and exploratory, but they have a strong sense of self-centeredness, but they have little social experience, low knowledge level and large unconscious psychological activities and behaviors. Their understanding of the surrounding environment is often one-sided and superficial, they can't see the hidden risk factors in the surrounding environment clearly, they lack the prediction of the risk of behavior results, and they won't respond to all kinds of sudden dangerous events correctly and timely, which will lead to serious consequences. Therefore, the implementation of safety education for young children should become the top priority of kindergarten education, and how to carry out effective safety education activities in kindergartens is a topic faced by every kindergarten teacher.
Judging from the present situation of kindergarten safety education, some problems should arouse our attention and thinking. For example, it is considered that safety education for children is to give children safety education classes; Only attach importance to children's safety education in the park, while ignoring family factors directly related to children's safety and development; Safety education activities are just like the popular wind, which can't be carried out from beginning to end, while others are much cry and little rain. So, how do kindergartens carry out safety education activities? The author believes that in terms of children's safety education activities, we should pay attention to the following two important aspects.
1. Kindergarten safety education activities should be organically combined with safety teaching activities, safety behavior guidance and safety practice.
1, organize safety teaching activities to improve children's safety awareness and safety cognitive ability.
Safety teaching activities are an important part of children's safety education activities. It refers to the teaching activities designed and organized by teachers specially for children, aiming at maintaining and promoting children's physical and mental safety. They usually revolve around a certain safety theme, mainly involving children's life education, health education, behavior education, physical exercise and so on. And can comprehensively and scientifically improve children's safety awareness and safety cognitive ability. When organizing safety teaching activities, teachers should focus on the following two aspects:
(1) Enrich the theme and specific content of safety teaching activities.
In order to ensure the richness and effectiveness of safety education content and enhance children's safety awareness, it is necessary to adjust and supplement the teaching content appropriately, so as to enrich the theme of safety teaching activities and the activities in each theme. Major teaching theme activities, such as hand hygiene, protecting eyes, nose, mouth and ears, nutrition express, paying attention to safety at home, small firefighters, safety signs, I know traffic safety and learn to protect myself, which can be comprehensive or continuous. Specific small-scale teaching activities can be telling stories to children or teaching children to read a nursery rhyme. For example, the story of "Lion Perm" can let children know that washing their hair often can keep their hair clean, and the "Toothbrushing Song" can tell children when and how to brush their teeth.
(2) Adopting various teaching methods.
In order to encourage children to actively participate in safety teaching activities instead of passively receiving guidance, teachers can adopt various methods, such as telling stories, singing children's songs, explaining and demonstrating, discussing and communicating, behavioral exercises, imitation learning, specific help and guidance, situational demonstration, role-playing, game activities, practical activities, watching audio-visual materials, and showing pictures. In the process of safety teaching, the above methods can usually be comprehensively selected and applied, so as to achieve better teaching results.
For example, in the theme activity of "protecting eyes, nose, mouth and ears", teachers can make use of storytelling, discussion and exchange, explanation and demonstration, picture display, imitation learning, specific help and guidance, etc. to conduct collective teaching and individual guidance in due course. Another example is the theme activity of "Small Hand Hygiene", which can not only tell children that hand washing can prevent diseases by telling stories, but also teach children to learn related nursery rhymes, watch the step chart of hand washing process and practice the operation behavior, so that children can gradually master the correct hand washing method.
Through safety teaching activities, children's safety awareness, safety cognition and safety behavior ability can be improved purposefully and planned.
2. Strengthen the guidance of safe behaviors in daily life and form safe behaviors and habits.
The acquisition and formation of children's safety awareness and safety behavior need a long and gradual process, which can not be realized by one or two safety teaching activities. Therefore, teachers should also pay attention to the guidance and help of children's safe behavior in their daily life. Safety behavior guidance in daily life can usually be reflected in the following two aspects.
(1) Establish and improve routine and establish basic safety behaviors and habits.
In daily life, clearly putting forward some safety-related requirements for children and establishing routine ways to guide children's behavior can not only maintain children's safety, but also encourage children to establish basic safety behaviors and habits unconsciously. Therefore, kindergartens should constantly establish and improve routines around children's safety and safety issues, so that children can know the specific routine requirements of all links and activities in daily life and know what is right and wrong. Don't have too many routines, choose key and important aspects, be concise, let the children engrave them in their hearts and guide their behavior.
For example, children can be asked to follow one another when going up and down the stairs, without pushing or squeezing; You can only go up when the swivel chair stops, but you can't run when pushing the swivel chair; You can only leave when your family comes to pick you up. When you leave the park, tell the teacher and say goodbye to the teacher.
(2) random guidance to help form conscious safety behaviors and habits.
Children are young, with poor consciousness and self-control, so it is impossible to cultivate safe behaviors and habits once or twice. Therefore, in addition to putting forward requirements and teaching children methods, teachers should also give random guidance and help to children's safety problems according to their actual situation and daily needs, such as reminding children in detail before activities, giving individual guidance and help to children during activities, conducting necessary inspections after activities, constantly reminding, guiding and helping children to continuously strengthen good safety behaviors, and gradually forming conscious safety behaviors and good safety habits.
In daily life, children often have some safety problems, such as hanging their heads when drawing, wolfing down when eating, scrambling to climb the slide or slide backwards when playing with sand, and raising the sand when playing with sand. At this time, teachers should seize the favorable opportunity to remind and guide children's behavior in time, which can not only ensure children's safety, but also carry out personalized safety education for children and help them establish safe behaviors and habits.