In order to help poultry technical colleagues better understand and use Chinese medicine to prevent and treat epidemic febrile diseases and avoid detours, the knowledge points and dialectical prescriptions of epidemic febrile diseases are introduced as follows.
Basic knowledge: Epidemic febrile disease is a modern viral infectious disease. Its main causes are epidemic virus, seasonal abnormality, physical weakness, infectious and fatal. Its clinical symptoms are mainly fever and anorexia. There are two kinds of epidemic febrile diseases in poultry, or both. The earliest treatise on febrile diseases is Huangdi Neijing, which records the etiology and pathogenesis of epidemic febrile diseases. And put forward the prevention principle of plague: "healthy qi keeps inside, evil is irrelevant, avoid its poisonous gas." Later, there was also a special discussion on fever in Difficult Classics. But on the whole, Chinese medicine has gradually deepened its understanding of epidemic febrile diseases and summarized many practical and effective prescriptions.
The most influential are the following medical monographs. The treatise on febrile diseases written by Wu Youxing in Ming Dynasty is the first monograph on acute infectious fever in China.
The main achievements of febrile diseases;
1, establish a new etiology-miscellaneous qi and evil theory. Epidemic febrile diseases are all caused by "not wind, not cold, not summer heat and not wet, but a different gas between heaven and earth", that is to say, diseases originate from miscellaneous gas, which is contagious, susceptible, neutral and special.
2. A new pathogenesis-membrane theory was established. The pathogenic factor of epidemic febrile diseases is "evil enters from the nose and mouth", which invades the human body through the respiratory tract or digestive tract, not in the external meridians and viscera, but in the "membrane source" in the half-exterior and half-interior (where the stomach passes).
3. Create new therapies-"touching the root" and "exorcism".
At the beginning of epidemic febrile disease, the method of "reaching the root" was used to dredge the membrane; The method of "exorcism" is adopted, and "urgent attack" is advocated. Treatise on Febrile Diseases, written by Ye in Qing Dynasty, is the first monograph on febrile diseases in China, which laid the discipline foundation of febrile diseases.
Main achievements and clinical guidelines of Treatise on Warmth;
1. Establish the cause of epidemic febrile diseases-pathogenic heat, so-called "pathogenic heat ascending".
2. Establish the law of epidemic febrile diseases-introducing into stomach and pericardium.
3. Establish the dialectical program of epidemic febrile diseases-Wei Qi nourishing blood, which is a general view. Wei Qi dialect has qi, and dialect blood comes after qi.
4. Established the principles of treating febrile diseases such as warming and relieving exterior syndrome, transforming heat into qi, cooling blood and dispersing blood.
Wu Jutong's Treatise on Febrile Diseases in Qing Dynasty established the basic medicine and clinical medicine of febrile diseases completely, systematically and comprehensively, which is the most representative ancient book in febrile diseases. More than 80% of modern typhoid prescriptions are from Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
The main contribution of Treatise on Febrile Diseases to febrile diseases;
1, established the basic concept of febrile diseases. Nine kinds of febrile diseases can be divided into two categories according to the nature of the disease: warm and damp-heat.
2. The etiology of epidemic febrile diseases-pathogenic factors of epidemic febrile diseases and pathogenic factors of damp-heat diseases were established.
3. Establish the pathogenesis and pathology of epidemic febrile diseases-triple energizer theory. Warm diseases enter through the nose and mouth, with nasal qi passing through the lungs and breath passing through the stomach. It shows the law of epidemic febrile diseases from exterior to interior, from light to heavy, from excess to deficiency.
4. Established the dialectical program of Treatise on Febrile Diseases-the upper, middle and lower triple energizer is the meridian, the qi and blood are the latitude, the lung and pericardium are the upper energizer, the spleen and stomach are the middle energizer, and the liver and kidney are the lower energizer.
5. Establish the principle of treating fever-it is not easy to treat burning like a feather; Treating the middle energizer is like a balance, and it is uneven; Jiao ruquan's rule is neither heavy nor heavy. The upper coke is pungent and cool, the middle coke is bitter and cool, and the lower coke is salty and cool. Treat external feelings like a general, treat internal injuries like a photograph.
6. Enrich the therapeutics of febrile diseases. Many representative prescriptions have been developed.
7, clear the basic principles of prevention and treatment of epidemic febrile diseases:
(1), according to the combination of climate characteristics, seasons and henhouse environment. Epidemic febrile diseases generally occur in the season of alternating winter and spring. This season is generally dry and windy, and the winter cold is not over, which hurts the lungs. Therefore, the wet and dry environment and thermal insulation of poultry houses are analyzed. If the temperature is only cold and hot, relieving exterior syndrome and clearing heat, moistening lung and relieving asthma, it will take 3-4 days to be called Gankang. If the season is abnormal, whether it is warm or not, poultry will get sick in a large area, which is an epidemic virus. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish whether other pathogens are mixed through feces according to the incidence, physical health and dry and wet conditions of poultry houses, and adopt different treatment methods respectively. The general principles of treatment are clearing away heat and purging fire, cooling blood and diminishing inflammation, taking secondary infection as the standard and evil entering the interior as the basis. Western medicine combined with traditional Chinese medicine is mainly for clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome and diminishing inflammation, and dexamethasone can be applied in proper amount and timely.
(2) Epidemic febrile diseases are generally exogenous diseases, but they are greatly influenced by the health status of the body. Therefore, in the diagnosis and prevention of epidemic febrile diseases, the health status of the body is often one of the important factors affecting the rehabilitation and development of diseases. If the chickens are weak and the henhouse is affected by cold and wind-heat, the method of eliminating evil and strengthening the body resistance should be adopted. It can be treated with ribavirin+Piweikang+anti-inflammatory drugs.
(3) The microenvironment of poultry houses often affects other pathogens. If the air is dry, the humidity of poultry houses is acceptable, especially for broilers, which are generally warm and humid, so the treatment methods of clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome, eliminating dampness and promoting diuresis are adopted. Hugankang+Shenzhikang or Hugankang+Poria can be used.
(4) Epidemic febrile diseases are the most difficult to treat, especially those mixed with other pathogens. Usually, this kind of epidemic febrile disease has an acute onset and a short manifestation time, that is, the exterior syndrome is not solved, and the heat enters the interior, resulting in the interior heat syndrome, which spreads quickly. We can adopt the principles of clearing heat and purging fire, clearing camp and cooling blood, put an end to transmission, and try our best to control pathogenic factors in the stage of qi to prevent them from entering the liver and kidney. You can use VirusQuick+VirusWei, and if you have mixed feelings of other pathogens, you can use virus quick+ Xinyikang+Analgin+anti-inflammatory drugs. Timely and appropriate use of dexamethasone hormone 1-2 days wins time for treatment.
(5), mixed with other pathogens or the onset stage can be judged by feces. If the feces are yellow-green, it can be judged that there is a mixed feeling of Newcastle disease; If the stool is normal and there is a lot of dry stool, it can be judged as stomach fever, and the principle of dredging the two stools can be adopted, that is, rapid recovery of virus and recovery of new epidemic (increasing dose); If there is both dry stool and loose stool, it can be judged that it is caused by deficiency of the body and weakness of the spleen and stomach. The principles of clearing heat and purging fire, strengthening body resistance and promoting diuresis can be adopted to cure virus and kidney quickly.
(6) The dispute between evil and right runs through exogenous fever. In the treatment of exogenous fever, we always focus on eliminating evil, and the evil is safe. A correct and comprehensive understanding of "pathogenic factors" will help us to have a deep understanding of the pathogenesis of exogenous fever, thus guiding clinical medication.
(7), through the climate, mental state, appetite, feces and anatomical lesions, comprehensively judge the onset stage of the disease. Epidemic febrile diseases generally follow the transmission law of Xue Ying, Wei Qi. When the four seasons are abnormal, the general health stage is short, and the pathogenic factors directly enter the blood-sucking stage. The following prevention and control measures can be taken. In the early stage, pathogenic factors are in defense to prevent them from spreading to qi, so Hugankang can be used. Then the pathogenic factors are divided into qi, which is the stage of disease from shallow to deep, from the outside to the inside, from evil to dirty, from real to real. The heat is mainly in the lungs and stomach. Clinically, respiratory asthma caused by lung heat stagnation and dry stool caused by heat colon are common; The main principle of treatment is to spread lung, purge fire and detoxify, and then use virus-Suyu+Xinyikang or virus-Suyu+Hugankang; After qi, necrosis of liver, kidney and spleen is found, that is, evil enters the blood. Ying is the place where the essence is injected into the pulse, and the blood circulates in the pulse from transformation to endless flow. Benefiting qi and activating collaterals, dispersing heat and disturbing the heart package. The common symptoms are persistent high fever, listlessness, loss of appetite, coagulation disorder, further development of vascular toxicity damage, and more prominent damage to the central nervous system. The heyday of fever. Ying is the predecessor of blood, which is hot and often involves blood. Blood is divided into fever, especially in the heart, liver and kidney, especially at night. Equivalent to the exhaustion period of fever, the damage of heart, liver, lung, kidney, central nervous system and other important organs is more serious, and the body's reactivity and resistance are reduced. The treatment is mainly to cool blood, dissipate blood stasis and improve blood circulation. You can use virus Wei+Qingwenkang+Ophiopogon japonicus. The three stages of epidemic febrile diseases should not be used indiscriminately. In the dialect, the spleen should be defended first and then blood circulation should be promoted. You can't add any drugs regardless of the willy-nilly.
(8) The general principle of treating epidemic febrile diseases is early detection, early treatment and early prevention. And through environmental improvement and strengthening nursing as auxiliary means, promote physical recovery. It is forbidden to use large doses of hormone drugs for a long time, which is very harmful to poultry, especially laying poultry. Dialectics of epidemic febrile diseases needs to understand the physiological characteristics of poultry and determine the dosage of drugs according to their growth stages. Adopt the method of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine. And follow the principle of medication discussed by Mr. Wu Jutong in Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
(9) The diagnosis and treatment of avian fever is mainly based on the external symptoms such as breathing, complexion, eyes, facial expression and feces, combined with the comprehensive judgment of climate characteristics, geographical location, environmental conditions, poultry health, epidemiology and feed nutrition. The physiological changes observed by anatomy are the most important auxiliary means, but at this stage, the changes of heart, liver and kidney organs and fever can be differentiated and the medication can be determined.
(10), the treatment of epidemic febrile diseases needs to determine the origin and manifestations of the disease, the acute state, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, treat the symptoms in an emergency, and treat the root causes in a slow way. When we are not sure which diseases are mixed, we can adopt the method of anti-treatment, that is, adding hot drugs such as aconite root and dried ginger to cold medicine, or adding aconite root and dried ginger to rapid virus treatment, virus treatment and new epidemic treatment, which can often achieve miraculous effects.
(1 1), resolving exterior syndrome requires resolving phlegm, so the application of warming exterior syndrome and Erchen decoction is often worthy of research and application by broiler, miscellaneous meat, laying hens, breeders and poultry breeders in Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi.
(12), there is no uniform prescription for treating febrile diseases. Only according to the clinical and seasonal conditions, adding and subtracting drugs can get effective treatment. Large prescriptions, such as virus drugs, exterior-relieving drugs, antibiotics, expectorants, hormone drugs, kidney tonics, and combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine, are often prescriptions of quacks and are not worth talking about. (13), febrile diseases are easy to cause yin deficiency, so we should pay attention to it. Especially high fever, clearing heat and purging fire, and cold and cool products should not be used for too long. After the symptoms get better, you can stop taking the medicine and switch to drugs that clear away deficiency and heat, invigorate the spleen and replenish qi and nourish yin to help the poultry recover. Clearing Luias is a must for clearing away deficiency and heat.