Papers are often used to refer to articles that carry out research in various academic fields and describe academic research results. The following is my college pharmacy graduation thesis, welcome to check it!
Importance analysis of pharmaceutical care 1 Briefly discuss the importance and necessity of pharmaceutical care.
1. 1 The detection of adverse drug reactions has promoted the further development of pharmaceutical services.
At present, the level of adverse reactions in China's medical level testing is still in the primary stage, and various monitoring means and detection methods are still not perfect, and the acceptance of adverse signals generated by drugs is limited. Generally speaking, about 70% of adverse drug reactions can be effectively avoided through monitoring, and doctors can effectively prevent and control about 60% of adverse drug reactions. Scientific and perfect pharmaceutical service system can effectively prevent it. According to the current medical development level and specific medical conditions in China, we can evaluate and study the clinical orders issued by doctors to further prevent adverse drug reactions.
1.2 The development of pharmaceutical services can effectively promote the research of pharmaceutical economy.
With the economic development level of China in line with the world, the development of all walks of life has greatly increased, and medicine has also made great progress in this environment. With the deepening of medical system reform in recent years, it has been recognized and supported by more and more people. In the system reform, stricter requirements have been put forward for drug cost control and clinical medication. Whether it is the use of drugs or the quality control of drugs, doctors need to follow the relevant requirements of the medical system, reduce the economic burden of patients as much as possible, improve the treatment effect and improve the quality of life of patients. These problems are one of the important problems in the medical field.
1.3 important basis for technical appraisal of medical accidents
With the further development and reform of the medical system, at this stage, the identification of medical accidents is no longer just the responsibility of the administrative and health departments, but the responsibility of specialized medical associations. This fully proves that medical monitoring is becoming more and more scientific and professional. In pharmaceutical care activities, it has become an important basis and original data for technical appraisal of medical malpractice to comprehensively and systematically record the interaction of various drugs and the physical condition of patients and actively evaluate the functions of various drugs. In addition, the development of pharmaceutical care has greatly promoted the scientific and rational use of drugs and effectively improved the effectiveness and effect of drug treatment. Thereby reducing the adverse reactions between drugs and effectively preventing the occurrence and development of various drug-induced diseases. Clinically, the incidence of drug-induced diseases accounts for a high proportion.
Through the development of pharmaceutical services, standardized and reasonable medication can provide patients with the best therapeutic effect and the least damage, and can effectively reduce and prevent the occurrence of drug-induced diseases. Strictly regulating doctors' medication and comprehensively guiding patients to use drugs rationally as required can effectively prevent the occurrence of various complications. The patient's disease has been effectively treated, and various clinical symptoms have been alleviated and eliminated, effectively improving the quality of life of patients and prolonging the survival time. Pharmaceutical care can also greatly reduce irrational drug use, effectively save all kinds of drug resources and reduce the medical expenses of patients. Further enhance the image and status of pharmacists in hospitals and the whole society. On the whole, China's pharmaceutical care industry developed late and started late, basically in the publicity period. However, with the further development of health care in China, the development and demand of pharmaceutical services will become increasingly prominent.
1.4 Study on Toxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Through the pharmaceutical supervision of traditional Chinese medicine, pharmacists can further study the relationship between the toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine and processing methods, drug sources, compatibility and application, taking methods, dosage and individual differences, as well as the relationship between toxic effects and toxic components in the metabolic process, so as to further reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical medicine.
2. Further strengthen pharmaceutical services.
Facing the in-depth development of China's medical and health system, modern medicine will face greater challenges and opportunities. In this environment, the work function of pharmacists has also undergone major changes, from the past supervision of "drugs" to the supervision of "patients", and the working mode has also changed from the original passive working situation to the active working mode. Then, in this environment, how pharmacists should face the changes in forms and carry out pharmaceutical services in an all-round way has become an important topic that every pharmacist must take seriously.
(1) Pharmacists need to participate in patient rounds, fully understand the patient's course, past medical history and clinical diagnosis, analyze and judge the doctor's medication, put forward their own opinions and opinions reasonably, and guide and participate in the whole process of clinical medication. Further strengthen study and training, master comprehensive pharmaceutical knowledge, improve their professional quality and level in an all-round way, truly combine the actual situation and illness of patients, choose appropriate methods and ways of administration, better monitor patients' drug use, guide patients to use drugs rationally, effectively reduce adverse reactions and improve treatment effects.
(2) Monitoring therapeutic drugs, using the knowledge of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, determining the range and dosage of drugs, monitoring the detection of urine drug concentration and blood drug concentration, and formulating the best "personalized" administration scheme for patients, so as to achieve the minimum toxic and side effects and the best therapeutic effect.
(3) To carry out drug consultation activities and establish files of patients' rational drug use. Collect all kinds of pharmaceutical information, constantly accumulate their own medication information, constantly guide and improve patients' rational medication and monitoring ability, improve the medication information system in clinical medicine, and comprehensively strengthen information exchange in medicine through the establishment and improvement of database system. And set up a special monitoring pharmacy room to comprehensively promote the development of monitoring pharmacies. Establish and improve the clinical training base for pharmacists, and comprehensively standardize the clinical system for pharmacists. At present, China has established some clinical training bases for pharmacists. Through the establishment of training base, the comprehensive ability of pharmacists can be better promoted and improved, and their medical knowledge and ability can be comprehensively improved. In particular, young pharmacists with primary qualifications must undergo comprehensive off-the-job training. All medical units must clearly define the specific responsibilities of clinical pharmacists, scientifically and reasonably arrange all kinds of specific work, and comprehensively promote the development of pharmaceutical services.
3 Conclusion
To sum up, this paper analyzes the importance and necessity of drug supervision, and discusses the development of drug supervision in China in detail from many aspects. Drug supervision can effectively promote the in-depth development of China's medical and health undertakings. Conversely, the further development of medical and health undertakings has greatly promoted the all-round development of pharmaceutical services.
Study on the quality training of pharmaceutical interns Strengthening the training of interns' basic skills The training of laboratory skills mainly includes basic operation skills, the use of common laboratory instruments and safety knowledge. When training interns, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of basic skills. In order to help students master the most basic experimental skills quickly and well, we not only repeatedly emphasize and guide teachers to demonstrate and students to operate again in each experimental teaching, but also systematically train students' experimental skills in the laboratory. In this way, interns can master basic experimental skills very skillfully, thus laying a solid foundation for the smooth development of the project. The teaching teachers in our college will personally demonstrate the experimental methods and skills related to pharmacy, such as molecular biology, cell tissue culture, animal model establishment and so on. Interns can experience it for themselves and master the method quickly.
1 Deepen the reform, improve the teaching quality and strengthen the cultivation of interns' comprehensive scientific research ability.
1. 1 Good academic atmosphere: reading report meeting
The internship environment and atmosphere not only directly affect the mental state of interns, but also have an important impact on their future career choice and development. The relaxed and lively atmosphere makes people speak freely and maximize their imagination and creativity. In order to further broaden our horizons, strive to create a rich academic atmosphere, enrich our knowledge, communicate with each other and learn from each other's strengths, our college regularly holds an "English reading report meeting" every week. All teachers and students in our college take turns to teach, and the contents of the report focus on the cutting-edge information, literature reports and achievements in the progress of research topics. By attending reading reports, interns can develop scientific research ideas and cultivate scientific research sentiments more quickly in a good academic atmosphere.
1.2 Guiding interns to write scientific research papers with innovative teaching concepts and methods
The cultivation of innovative spirit and ability is mainly carried out in the following aspects. First of all, teachers should improve their own quality in an all-round way, not only have rich scientific research experience and familiarity with scientific research processes, but also improve their language expression ability, communication ability and writing ability, so as to systematically guide interns to complete the work from topic selection, topic opening, experiment, thesis writing to defense. However, the improvement of teaching teachers' quality cannot be achieved overnight. Inexperienced young teachers should consult more experienced senior teachers, sum up their teaching experience and improve their teaching level. Secondly, in the teaching process, teachers use heuristic teaching to stimulate interns' innovative ability from experiments. Scientific research ability is a comprehensive concept, which consists of innovative ability, logical thinking and reasoning ability, good information collection and processing ability, practical ability and language processing ability. Obviously, it is too one-sided to regard students' operational skills as scientific research ability, and it is too simple to master only practical ability. We used to adopt the experimental teaching method of imitation and experience, that is, the teacher designed the experimental process and the students followed it. Obviously, this rigid teaching method leads to students' rigid thinking, mechanical operation will not take the initiative to think, and they are at a loss when encountering problems. When encountering difficulties, we can also use discussion teaching: we can not only discuss in groups, but also learn from each other with other research groups. Teaching teachers need to constantly strengthen communication with interns, understand their needs and views on teaching, and constantly innovate practical methods to stimulate their interest in learning.
It is also necessary to encourage interns to attend academic lectures frequently and organize academic reports to stimulate their interest in learning and improve their innovative ability. Facts have proved that the problem-centered heuristic experimental teaching mode I have adopted has achieved good teaching results, that is, teachers generally put forward research topics, while interns put forward the ideas of research topics by combining what they have learned and consulting literature, and then discuss with tutors, who point out the shortcomings, and then write the final implementation plan of research topics through interns to conduct their own graduation thesis research. For example, at the beginning of the internship, he was given a research topic, and then he was asked to search the literature independently, and then he finished the opening report, made a research plan and discussed the problems that needed to be solved. Through step-by-step discussion, interns' ability to think and solve problems independently can be significantly improved. Finally, when completing the research paper, the interns can finish it independently and finally successfully pass the graduation thesis defense.
In the actual teaching process, we gradually abandoned the one-sided idea that the traditional medical education model only pays attention to the teaching of professional knowledge, but ignores the teaching of related disciplines, marginal disciplines, interdisciplinary disciplines and humanistic knowledge, confusing students' scientific research ability and practical ability. In a word, the purpose of interns' scientific research training is to cultivate students' comprehensive scientific research ability, understand the methods and processes of scientific research activities, improve interns' ability to analyze and solve problems, and understand the hardships of scientific research activities, rather than trying to ask students to obtain good experimental results and publish high-level articles. In fact, it is not terrible to get negative results in the process of scientific research. Scientific research itself is composed of many failures. We don't insist that students must achieve breakthrough results, even if there is no result or the original scientific research design fails, it is also a kind of harvest.
1.3 Cultivate the team spirit of interns
Scientific research needs not only hard work, but also a realistic attitude and the spirit of unity and cooperation. Scientific research can never be a person's "personal show". Every scientific research achievement, including topic selection, literature retrieval, reagent preparation and data analysis, embodies the painstaking efforts of every member of the research group. The core of team spirit is * * * dedication. I do it for everyone, and everyone can do it for me. It is very important to cultivate interns' good teamwork ability and professionalism. A team with excellent teamwork spirit can promote interns to quickly integrate into it and make them work hard and be willing to contribute in their future jobs.
1.4 Strict management is inseparable from the essence of human nature.
There is a great difference between scientific research and theoretical teaching. Because many experiments last for a long time, interns not only have to work overtime at ordinary times, but also often can't rest on weekends. I have a special study room for graduate students and interns. On the one hand, it can ensure that interns have enough time to rest and consult documents; On the other hand, it also makes interns realize that engaging in scientific research requires great concentration, which is based on the experimental process and cannot be affected by rest. Learning to arrange time reasonably is also one of the scientific research qualities that researchers must have. By setting up a study room, interns can make full use of the waiting time of several hours during the experiment, rest properly or consult the literature, analyze and sort out the experimental results, and prepare for the next experiment.
2. Do not forget to strengthen the ideological and political work of interns while cultivating their quality.
In order to improve the comprehensive quality of college graduates, colleges and universities attach great importance to the cultivation of college students' professional ethics. In order to strengthen the cultivation of interns' experimental moral quality, strive to improve college students' professional quality, cultivate their excellent quality of hard work, and make them better adapt to society, market and serve enterprises better, my teachers strengthened their organizational discipline and ideological and political education when interns first started their internship, and established a perfect intern management system. Each teaching teacher is responsible for supervising and managing interns' attendance and scientific research work, keeping abreast of interns' thoughts, learning and discipline, convening interns' meetings in time for education when finding bad phenomena, and conducting ideological education for individual interns separately.
In short, in order to meet the needs of the 2 1 century, cultivate compound and high-quality interns, and make them better serve the society, the teaching team of our college has established a set of teaching mode for pharmaceutical interns from the aspects of strengthening the construction of laboratory platform, improving teachers' quality and professional academic level, deepening reform and improving teaching quality, strengthening interns' comprehensive scientific research ability and strengthening interns' ideological and political work.
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