"To build an international shipping center and financial center, it is better to build Disneyland to promote Shanghai's tourism service industry." A person from Shanghai Pudong Economic and Trade Bureau said. His point of view comes from the deep impression he left when he visited Disneyland in Orlando, USA. "Orlando receives 30 million tourists every year, and 80% of the city's population of 1 10,000 directly or indirectly serves Disney. What do you think Disney will bring to Shanghai? " In his view, the significance of Disney is self-evident.
Yang Zhouyi, Secretary-General of Pudong Development and Reform Research Institute, believes that in addition to the strong support of tourists, Disney can directly benefit Shanghai Disneyland, promote the development of manufacturing, retail, catering and hotel industries in Shanghai, and promote employment, which also plays an important role in enhancing the image of Shanghai.
Similarly, Disney does not deny that they are not only interested in the huge tourist population and strong consumption power in Shanghai and the mainland, but also hope to further expand its peripheral products in the Yangtze River Delta region and even the broader mainland market, including TV, movies and various consumer products. According to sources, Shanghai is likely to open a Disney TV channel.
"Mainland residents do not need a visa to play Disney in Shanghai, and overseas transit passengers can also be exempted from visas for 48 hours at Pudong Airport." An office worker in Pudong theme park told reporters. The reason why Shanghai Disneyland can't start business before 20 10 is entirely due to the commitment of the central authorities to Hong Kong.
Regarding the competitive pressure that Shanghai Disneyland may bring to Hong Kong Disneyland, Han Zheng said, "We hope to form cooperation with Hong Kong. The cooperation between Shanghai and Hong Kong under CEPA framework is progressing smoothly, including economy and talents. At present, more than 65,438+0,000 Hong Kong people have entered Shanghai to work under this framework. " (China Business News)
Impetuous development behind the struggle to build Disney
Jiao Yang, spokesman of Shanghai Municipal Government, gave a clear answer to the construction of Disney theme park in Shanghai a few days ago. She said: "Shanghai has the conditions and the desire to build a Disney theme park. At present, Shanghai has submitted relevant application reports and is waiting for the State Council's approval. " (March 16, East. Com) Obviously, this huge project, which costs more than 30 billion yuan and covers an area of 6 square kilometers, will be fully started as long as the State Council gives a written reply.
It stands to reason that such a large project should not be as simple as local governments applying to the central government for construction. The local government should first obtain the consent of Shanghai residents, especially those in this area. Because Disney theme parks not only cost Shanghai taxpayers a lot of money-the money could have been used to improve the welfare of citizens; It will also aggravate the traffic congestion in the city and affect the comfort of urban life; More importantly, many people have left their homes for generations, and their land has been forcibly taken away because of non-public interests (commercial interests). However, residents of Shanghai, including local residents, may not know that Shanghai applied for the Disney theme park earlier than the whole country, right?
If Shanghai's bid to build Disney is still "conditional", then to our surprise, there are still many cities competing for a huge project with an investment of more than 30 billion. Zhang said, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, that Shanghai's application was indeed received, but other cities in the mainland also submitted applications, but he declined to disclose which cities. I'm really surprised that Disney is just an entertainment project after all. Mainland cities are so fond of it that they do not hesitate to invest huge sums of money and large areas of land. Are there no other development projects to choose from? Or are citizens rich, and they need not only the government to improve their welfare, but also the government to build entertainment projects to consume their spare money? According to this trend, there are only five Disney parks in the world at present, and the mainland can't wait to build ten or eight Disney parks.
Some people say that this is an era of "entertainment to death", but it would be terrible if the government joined in or promoted "entertainment to death". The so-called "meeting the cultural and sports needs of Shanghai residents and the people of the whole country" always takes into account the consumption level of mainland residents, right? How many ordinary working-class people can afford high-priced tickets to Disney? If what is actually met is the consumption demand of public funds and the consumption demand of the rich, why should we drag "Shanghai citizens and the people of the whole country" as a cushion? But also can meet the consumption needs of public funds and the rich, as well as the existing Disney parks in the world. Why should farmers be driven away from the land where their ancestors ate, so as to satisfy public funds and the carnival of the rich?
Strive for "international metropolis" from hundreds of cities in the mainland and build ski resorts in water-deficient areas and high-temperature areas; In fact, what some local governments really value is not development opportunities, let alone the improvement of people's living standards. The so-called "meeting the people's growing spiritual and cultural needs" is purely an excuse. What they really want is the glory of "there are more people than me"-"throat" and "throat"
The psychology of "making quick money" prevalent in China society not only aggravated the bubble economy, but also eroded the spirit of self-improvement of Chinese people. Unfortunately, the leap-forward development of "making quick money" is also expected and chosen by more local governments, which is very obvious in the reckless and infeasible impulse of local governments to build Disney. Hosting the Olympic Games is a serious loss-the Greeks will bear debts for the Olympic Games for nearly 10 years; Will applying for Disney definitely make a lot of money? Maybe Disney is really a cash cow forever? Local governments should really remember that Disney came to China to make money, not to give people welfare. (International Online Shu)
Tourism scholar: You can't blindly introduce Disney.
On June 28th, 2005, 165438+ At the Guangdong International Forum on Tourism Industrialization, some Guangdong scholars bluntly said: Mainland cities should never blindly introduce large-scale theme parks such as Disney, otherwise local governments will bear huge market risks.
Professor Bao Jigang, Dean of School of Tourism, Sun Yat-sen University, gave a keynote speech entitled "Review and Exploration of Guangdong Tourism Development Strategy" at the forum. Professor Bao Jigang pointed out that since the opening of Hong Kong Disneyland, tourists have not been as popular as expected. It remains to be seen whether Disney can really lead the redevelopment of Hong Kong's tourism industry and have a staged impact on the tourism competition in the whole region. My personal opinion is that domestic cities, whether Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong, must not take too high risks if they want to build a large international theme park like Disney.
Professor Bao Jigang said that all the risks of Hong Kong Disneyland are borne by the Hong Kong SAR Government, and Disney basically does not bear market risks or investment risks. "If we attract a large-scale international tourism project to China, all the risks will be put on the local government and eventually spread to every taxpayer. I think this introduction is meaningless." Professor Bao Jigang also made an image metaphor: if we don't have oil, we must import it, because it is related to the national economy and people's livelihood; But without Disney, people in China still live happily, because we can still celebrate the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. (Yangcheng Evening News)
One country, two parks Disney is suspected of abusing the competition between Shanghai and Hong Kong for profit?
Some analysts say that Disney only pays attention to accelerating business expansion, without considering the impact of one country and two parks on regional development, which is suspected of lacking social responsibility.
"Disney is negotiating with the Shanghai municipal government to build a theme park there." Recently, Edgar, CEO of Disney Company of America, personally confirmed this news.
Although the news that Disney will build a park in Shanghai has been circulating for several years, once it is unilaterally confirmed by Disney, it has attracted countless attention.
Disney is "too demanding"
After the news was confirmed, Iger and the Shanghai municipal government were tight-lipped about the further details of building the park.
Iger said that after Hong Kong Disneyland, "we have been discussing theme parks with the China government. However, there is no new progress in building a paradise in Shanghai. "
At the regular press conference of the Shanghai Municipal Government held on February 8th, Jiao Yang, a spokesman, said that there was no new material to provide for the question of "Disney's entry into Shanghai" raised by the live media.
At present, the only certainty is that even if Disney builds a park in Shanghai, it will wait until 20 10 years later. A spokesman for Hong Kong Disneyland pointed out that the second Disneyland in China will not open in four years.
It is widely rumored that Disney will choose Chuansha Town, Pudong, Shanghai, which is about three times larger than the expansion of the first phase of Hong Kong Disneyland.
According to people familiar with the matter, according to the International Herald Tribune, Disney began to contact Shanghai ten years ago and discuss the construction of the park, but the main reason why it has not been determined is that the conditions have not yet been negotiated.
In September 2002, the overseas edition of People's Daily revealed the specific reasons why Disney's Shanghai plan was blocked. The report said: "Disney requires that there should be no high-rise buildings within 25 kilometers of the theme park Fiona Fang, and Disney should operate most restaurants, hotels and entertainment facilities around the park. The Shanghai municipal government thinks the requirements are too high. " "Shanghai government officials said that the main reason for the deadlock in the negotiations was that the other side's demands were too high. Although the Shanghai municipal government has repeatedly made concessions, it still cannot meet Disney's requirements. "
In addition, some insiders pointed out that Disney and other theme parks planning to enter China basically choose a model, that is, the main cash is invested by China, and China is also responsible for infrastructure investment; Foreign investors invest in brands and part of cash, and charge China the joining fee and management fee. In this mode, if the super-large theme park is profitable for decades, both Chinese and foreign investors can achieve a win-win situation; If the life cycle is short, the foreign party will recover the investment through the income from the construction period and the initial joining fee, management fee and share dividend in the first few years, while the Chinese side will bear almost all the risks.
Shanghai advantage
Regarding whether the construction of Disney in Shanghai will affect Hong Kong Disneyland, Dong Yaozhong, Director General of the Travel Industry Council of Hong Kong, believes that the construction of Disney in Shanghai has little impact on Hong Kong. Because the positioning and operation modes of theme parks in the two places may be different, and the supporting facilities are not the same, it is not considered that there is competition between them. Hong Kong tourism has other unique attractions, so don't attach too much importance to Disney's influence on Hong Kong.
Su Weiwen, deputy dean of the School of Business Administration of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, believes that due to the huge mainland market in China and the rapid economic growth in the mainland, the demand is expected to support two Disney parks. The United States has also built two Disney parks to meet the market demand, and "one country, two parks" can be used as a reference.
Some insiders believe that Hong Kong Disneyland radiates the whole Pearl River Delta, while Shanghai Disney faces the affluent Yangtze River Delta, with little competition.
An industry insider learned from Guangdong Travel Agency that Hong Kong Disneyland is only "prosperous" during the Golden Week and weekends, and it is already a good performance that one-third of the tickets for the Golden Week can be sold. Analysts pointed out that Shanghai's geographical location can radiate north and south, which is bigger than Hong Kong and does not need to go through customs procedures. Therefore, Disney's construction in Shanghai will avoid the problem of low admission rate of Hong Kong Disneyland.
Is Disney selfish?
An analyst told the International Herald Tribune that judging from the "guest rejection" incident of Hong Kong Disneyland during the Spring Festival, Disney obviously underestimated the spending power of China tourists during the holidays. Once Disney is built in Shanghai, this problem will be one of the main obstacles to the smooth development of Disney in China.
Some Hong Kong scholars believe that China should be cautious about the park construction negotiated by Disney and the Shanghai Municipal Government. Chen Wenhong, director of the China Business Center of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, said that Hong Kong Disneyland has been in business for half a year, and the first phase of expansion has not been completed. Disney has negotiated to build another theme park in Shanghai, apparently because both Shanghai and Hong Kong are interested in building Disneyland. Therefore, after the Hong Kong SAR Government invested more than HK$ 20 billion to build Hong Kong Disneyland, it accelerated the pace of building another theme park in Chinese mainland. However, the operation and ticketing arrangements of Hong Kong Disneyland are still unclear. Disney only focuses on accelerating business expansion without considering the impact of the two theme parks on regional development, which is inevitably suspected of lacking social responsibility.
Chen Wenhong also suggested that starting from the overall interests of the country, foreign capital should be prevented from "abusing" urban competition to gain profits, and relevant departments can conduct market supervision by regulating land or other resources.
Please refer to:
People's Life from the Perspective of Social Change Theory —— Focusing on the changes of China people's daily life in the past 30 years
Harbin Institute of Technology News (Kuiyu Tang/Wen)
From 1978 when the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) made the historic decision of reform and opening up to 2008, the modernization process of China has lasted for 30 years. There is no doubt that great changes have taken place in our great motherland, both in general and in details. This point can be clearly seen by comparing the huge contrast between the national and social rescue capabilities during the Tangshan 1976 earthquake and the Wenchuan 5. 12 earthquake this year. After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's comprehensive national strength, social mobilization and emergency response capability have been greatly improved. This article will take the people's life from the perspective of social change theory as the research object, and preliminarily sort out and discuss the changes brought by the reform and opening up to the people's daily life in Fangda China.
First, look at people's life in the process of reform and opening up from the perspective of social change theory.
As we all know, social change is an important concept and category in western sociological theory. Although people have different views on this, they all attach great importance to social change without exception, and describe and analyze social change as a macro or micro, dynamic or static social fact in depth.
1. Some concepts about the theory of social change
According to the summary of American sociologist Edith Robertson in Sociology, the theories of social change put forward by sociologists, historians and anthropologists include evolution theory, circulation theory, functionalism theory and conflict theory. Among them, the social order-oriented functionalism theory advocated by Parsons has great influence. He believes that social change is not disturbing social equilibrium, but changing social equilibrium, and the result is a new qualitative equilibrium, which comes from outside and inside the society respectively. It is also believed that when a society becomes more and more complex, social changes usually occur. In his book Social Structure and Social Change, the famous Japanese sociologist Fuyong Jianyi believes that "the so-called social change is the change of social structure, that is, the occurrence of structural change". What needs to be added is that in Fu Yongjian's view, in order to better analyze social changes, the premise of social structure analysis is indispensable. Without an understanding of social structure, we can't deeply understand and fully understand the concept of social change.
In fact, scholars such as Gu Ma have long noticed the angle of social structure in the theoretical discussion of social change since the reform. He and his collaborators believe that it is very sociological to take a series of overall structural transformation or important changes in the process of structural change in China society caused by reform and opening up as the research perspective. Professor Guma has an important point, that is, before the reform, the state monopolized almost all important resources, including people's survival and development opportunities and information resources, and the state controlled social life quite casually. However, after 30 years of reform and opening up, China society is no longer a homogeneous society, and the differentiation of social structure and the improvement of marketization have made the daily life of China people increasingly diversified and modernized.
2. Changes in people's living structure in the process of reform and opening up.
The "life structure" here refers to a generalized "life system" of modern people. It includes not only the implicit concept of life, but also the explicit life field, life action, lifestyle or lifestyle. Obviously, if we agree that the essence of Marx's historical materialist social theory of mutual construction of production and life is the main driving force of human social change, then we have no reason not to pay attention to the sustainable development behind people's life choices and quality of life in the process of social modernization. Therefore, when we reflect on the changes brought about by China's reform and opening up, we must firmly grasp the "daily life practice". Huang Zongzhi and Kumar both put forward the concept of "practice" in their thinking about China's reform. Huang Zongzhi's article Understanding China, published in China Social Sciences in 2005, compares the similarities and differences between them: Gu Ma's "practice" is mainly relative to the system, while his "practice" is more inclined to theory and expression; Gu Ma's "practice" mainly refers to the "process-event" of market transformation, and he himself refers to the long-term historical changes since modern times.
In the process of China people's increasingly rich and diverse "life practice", there is always a clue, that is, the "life practice" of building a well-off society in an all-round way. In addition, as scholars such as Li and Hu Debao said, "Building a well-off society in an all-round way is a huge systematic project, but the ultimate goal is to improve people's living standards." A well-off society in an all-round way is a broad, comprehensive and systematic category. It includes economy, politics, society, culture, environment and people's lives. Specifically, it should include seven indicators: economic development, material consumption and life, social progress, population quality, social security and social security, ecological environment and health. These standards reflect the important aspects of the changes in people's life structure in the process of reform and opening up, and are the focus of our future evaluation and guidance of people's daily life practice.
It must be emphasized that the changes in people's lives in the process of reform and opening up are not only influenced by factors such as marketization and technicalization, but also determined by the living environment provided by the level of national economic and social development. Different from 30 years ago, China has become the fourth largest economy in the world after the United States, Japan and Germany, which means that China's national capacity has reached an unprecedented level. According to statistics, in 2007, China's GDP has reached 2466 19 billion yuan, and its per capita GDP has reached 2460 dollars. This has undoubtedly become a turning point in the reform and opening up, putting China at a new historical starting point. The great national ability, people-oriented founding spirit and open mind demonstrated by the China government in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the Beijing Olympic Games provided a good background for the changes of people's lives in China.
Secondly, from the combing of life history, we can see the changes of China people's daily life.
Over the past 30 years of reform and opening-up, China residents have achieved two historic leaps from poverty to food and clothing, and from food and clothing to a well-off society. On the whole, people's material life has gradually shifted from the satisfaction of quantity to the improvement of quality, and from the consumption of means of subsistence to the consumption of development and material enjoyment. Political life, spiritual and cultural life and leisure life are increasingly rich, social mobility is active, and values are open. In the new era of building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a harmonious socialist society, the modern socialist lifestyle has been gradually established. Since the reform and opening up, the dual transformation of economic structure and institutional model has brought great changes to China's social life. The following will discuss the changes in China people's daily life from the overall social background by combing the life history of six areas of daily life: clothing, food, housing, transportation, use and communication.
1. clothing: from warmth to personalization
In the past 30 years, the fastest and biggest change in the consumption life of urban and rural residents is clothing. Not only the quantity of clothes has increased greatly, but also the quality of clothes has improved obviously. The function of clothes has changed from simply covering the body to keeping out the cold in the past to embodying personalized aesthetic consciousness and shaping self-image. People's clothing raw materials and texture have improved, and the ready-to-wear rate has also been continuously improved. Fewer people buy raw cloth to make their own clothes. In the early days of reform and opening up, China's annual clothing output was only one per capita. Nowadays, there are many kinds of international brand-name clothes in high-end shopping malls and brand stores, and various brands and styles of clothes compete with each other, making the clothes of Chinese residents colorful.
2. Eat: from full to good.
This change is first manifested in the decline in the proportion of food consumption, indicating that people are no longer worried about not having enough to eat. In the internal composition of grain consumption, the consumption of coarse grains such as corn, sorghum and sweet potato decreased obviously, while the consumption of rice and wheat increased in flour and rice. While the proportion of staple food consumption has decreased, the proportion of non-staple food consumption, especially animal food consumption, has increased significantly. While the consumption of raw grain is decreasing, the consumption of processed food, especially the consumption of flavor, curative effect and convenience food, has increased.
3. Living: From crowded to comfortable and spacious.
The housing of urban residents has gradually developed from lack of housing and congestion to a more spacious and comfortable direction. 1978, the per capita living area of urban residents was only 6.7 square meters, which increased to 26. 1 square meter in 2005, an increase of 2.9 times. The quality and supporting facilities of housing are also constantly improving. By the end of 2000, 68.3% of urban families had lived in flats; 74% households have toilets and bathrooms, 84.2% households use gas or liquefied petroleum gas, and 4 1. 1% households have heating, air conditioning or other heating equipment. The average housing area of rural residents increased from 8. 1 m2 at the end of 1978 to 30.7 m2 at the end of 2006, an increase of 2.8 times. In the per capita housing area, the housing area of brick-wood structure and reinforced concrete structure accounts for 8 1%, and the housing quality is constantly improving.
4. Good: From bite to comfort and speed.
With the rapid development of various transportation facilities, China's transportation construction has been greatly developed, and an integrated transportation network consisting of roads, waterways and civil aviation with railways as the backbone has basically taken shape. Urban public transport in various places has made great progress. The number of road cars increased from 107600 in 1990 to 16 19200 in 2006, and the number of private cars increased from 1985 to 284900 in 2006. All these have greatly facilitated residents' travel conditions and made their lives more comfortable and faster than in the past.
5. Use: From material scarcity to dazzling array.
The consumption of daily necessities of urban and rural residents has changed from non-durable consumer goods to durable consumer goods, from daily necessities and other means of subsistence to the development and enjoyment of color TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners and microcomputers, and from low-grade products with single function to high-tech and multi-functional middle-and high-grade products. At the same time, the change speed of household goods of urban and rural residents has obviously accelerated, and it has experienced the transformation process from "old four articles" to "new six articles". In recent years, it has begun to turn to new consumption "hot spots" represented by telephones, home computers, commercial houses and home cars. A large number of durable consumer goods "fly into the homes of ordinary people" is an important symbol of the remarkable improvement of consumption and living standards of urban and rural residents.
Third, look at the daily life of Chinese people with Scientific Outlook on Development.
Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made great historical achievements, and the first and second steps of the "three-step" strategy of modernization have been successfully realized, and the people's life has generally reached a well-off level. However, the well-off society now realized is still a low-level, incomplete and unbalanced well-off society. This has an insurmountable barrier with the development concept of "people-oriented, realizing comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development" advocated by Scientific Outlook on Development. It is of great significance to examine the disharmonious factors in China people's daily life from Scientific Outlook on Development's perspective for building a benign lifestyle in the future with the goal of all-round development of people.
1. Economic conditions restrict people's all-round development
The experience in the past 30 years of reform and opening up has proved that to improve productivity, we must develop a market economy, and the existence of the relationship between goods and money will not only bring positive effects to people's development, but also bring negative effects, which can be summarized as follows:
First of all, the market economy may breed money worship and lead to human corruption. Because the market economy takes material interests as its basic pursuit, this may lead to the phenomenon of seeing things but not people in market competition. Under the condition of market economy, the economic relationship between people is in the form of goods and money. Under certain conditions, goods and money may become powerful forces independent of people's will, and in turn dominate people, making them bow to them and become their slaves.
Secondly, the market economy may lead to the expansion of individualism and the indifference of interpersonal relationships. Market economy is a right economy with independent subjects and individuals. Under this system, people's private sphere is expanded, the time, space and financial resources available for free control are relatively increased, and self-awareness and right awareness are developed. The principle of equivalent exchange in market economy may turn the harmonious relationship between people such as friendship, care and emotion into naked relationship. The competition law of market economy may lead to one-sided development of individuals and alienation of personality.
Finally, the market economy may lead to polarization between the rich and the poor and widen the development gap between adults. People may be in a completely different position in the market competition because of various conditions. Market competition may be like the competition between boxers of different levels. The strong is stronger and the weak is weaker, which leads to a serious polarization between the rich and the poor and restricts and adversely affects the development of individuals and groups in a weak position.
2. Superstructure restricts people's all-round development.
Since the reform and opening up, China's economic system reform, political system reform and cultural system reform have been deepened and made great achievements, which have played a great role in promoting people's all-round development. However, our achievements are still preliminary. No matter our socialist economic, political and cultural system itself, there are still many problems and weak links in the implementation of socialist economic, political and cultural policies. In the economic field, the unreasonable distribution system seriously affects the enthusiasm of workers; In the political field, democracy and the legal system, especially the legal system adapted to the socialist market economy, are not perfect enough, which affects the better realization of people's rights and values; In the field of culture, the education system divorced from reality seriously affects people's all-round development.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, with the profound reflection on the "Cultural Revolution" and the restoration of the ideological line of "emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts", people's problems began to receive attention and gradually became a noticeable research field. But today, there is still a tendency of "nihilism" that people's all-round development can not be promoted or realized at this stage; The one-sided understanding that only the theory of all-round development of human beings is the socialist education theory still exists; The wrong idea of attaching importance to economic development but not to people's own development and environmental protection has not been completely clarified; The erroneous concept of attaching importance to professional education and neglecting humanistic education has not been completely corrected. The above-mentioned one-sided understanding and wrong practices have hindered the development of socialist economy, politics and culture to a certain extent, and also affected the historical process of people's all-round development.
3. People's own conditions restrict their all-round development.
Judging from people's own conditions, people's all-round development is mainly restricted by people's own quality, living standards and spiritual needs.
(1) people's own qualities
While seeing that the quality of China people has generally improved compared with the past, we should also be soberly aware that compared with developed countries, our gap is quite obvious. From the perspective of people's all-round development, the quality gap of Chinese people is mainly manifested in the following two aspects:
First, ideological quality. The ideological quality of most people in our country is basically the concept of adapting to the old natural and semi-natural economic system, but as a whole, it can not adapt well to the new market economic system, and the concepts of commodity, market economy and competition are still relatively weak.
Second, scientific and cultural quality. First, the quality of the population is generally low, higher education is relatively backward, and high-level talents are scarce. Second, whether it is family education, school education or social education, it only pays attention to achievements, but ignores physical training and quality training to varying degrees, which leads to the widespread existence of "immoral" education with high scores and low energy. Third, the population quality structure is unreasonable. Outstanding performance is the serious shortage of rural professional and technical personnel resources; There is a general shortage of engineering and technical talents, technical and management talents, financial and trade talents and high-tech development talents suitable for the development of export-oriented economy. In particular, the large gap between urban and rural population quality and the low quality of rural population have become prominent contradictions in the process of socialist modernization in China.
(2) People's living standards
While fully affirming that people's living standards have greatly improved, we should also be soberly aware that there are still many problems in China's living standards: First, the number of urban poor people is increasing. Due to the rising prices in recent years, the actual living standards of some retirees have declined, and the burden of some low-income workers has become heavier and heavier after the introduction of various reforms. Second, residents' subjective quality and ability to create new lifestyles are not high. Many people's spare time is monotonous, lacking hobbies, pioneering consciousness, self-enclosed, and often passively killing time. Third, the consumption structure of urban and rural residents has not been adjusted reasonably with the improvement of consumption level, and the consumption behavior of residents is unreasonable and irrational.
(iv) Short conclusions
To sum up, from the perspective of social change theory, we have made a macro and micro analysis of people's life history around the changes in our people's daily life in the past 30 years of reform and opening up. We are soberly aware that although people's daily life practice is influenced by individual life factors, it should be said that China people's life system, life prospect and future life trend in the past 30 years have been or will be supported by the living conditions and social civilization environment provided by the great achievements of reform and opening up. Therefore, whether as a social change or a lifestyle change, China people's life practice is bound to be marked with the era color and historical brand of reform and opening up. We should have enough social awareness in this respect. More importantly, when building a sustainable, healthy, happy and diversified social lifestyle in China in the future, it should be integrated with the historical process of reform and opening up and the spirit of the times.