Introduction: The Art of War is an ancient art book of China, which has a wide influence in the world military, political, commercial and sports circles. Some world-renowned universities even include it as a compulsory course in MBA education, which is called management? Scripture? . Sun Tzu's Art of War contains a strong thought of management psychology, which is an important symbol of the development of China's ancient management psychology from scattered thinkers' speeches to systematic works.

First, the content system of Sun Tzu's Art of War

Sun Tzu's Art of War is divided into 13 articles, which is highly coherent and systematic. According to the modern management theory, according to the different contents of the discussion, it can be divided into three parts to study.

Part one? Planning and preparation. * * * Three articles, including "planning", "fighting" and "planning an attack".

This paper mainly discusses the general understanding and attitude towards war from the aspects of wisdom and psychology, as well as the related contents of planning and preparation.

Part two? Strategic choice. * * * Four articles, including,,, and Zhang.

This paper mainly discusses various related factors, strategic principles and requirements, implementation and adjustment of the strategy.

Part three? Tactical application. * * * Nine sides, March, Terrain, Nine Places, Fire Attack, Yongbian and other six articles.

Among them, the focus of the first four articles has shifted from macro-strategic issues to specific tactical issues, that is, how to command operations under different environmental conditions; The last two articles are devoted to special tactics other than conventional military tactics.

Second, an overview of management psychology in Sun Tzu's Art of War

(A) the assumption of human nature in management psychology

Behind every management decision, there must be some assumptions about human nature and the nature of human behavior. 13 in the Art of War is based on attaching importance to people and giving full play to their subjective initiative. The concrete manifestations are as follows: First, we attach importance to public opinion.

What's in the documentary? Tao, make people consistent with the world? It means that the monarch must conform to the wishes of the people when it comes to politics, which fully shows that the paper format attaches importance to public opinion and respects the people, indicating that any major decision-making and management measures must not violate public opinion. The second is to fully affirm the role of human subjective initiative.

In "user ban", it says:? Prophets should not be taken from ghosts and gods, nor should they be like things, nor should they be measured, but must be taken from people who know the enemy's situation. ? It means that people don't ask for ghosts and gods, don't believe in astrology, or even rely on the analogy of past experience, but rely entirely on people to understand and master the relevant information and situation of the enemy in a timely, accurate and comprehensive manner. The third is to give high praise to the role of talents.

In "Attack"? Husband, national auxiliary also? And regard the general as a decisive factor in the war? Five things? One, release? Who can? Included? Seven plans? One.

From "Battle"? Know the soldiers, know the people and know the Lord of national security? This statement fully illustrates the decisive role of talents in social development and various management activities.

(B) group psychology

What is the group psychological thought in The Art of War Jing Qiu by Sun Tzu? People and? About what? You and your generals and soldiers. The discussion of interpersonal relationship between them can be fully reflected. One is begging? People and? Thought of management psychology.

From Ji film? Can the Tao, which is recognized by the people and the world, die with it and live with it, regardless of difficulties and dangers? It means that management should make the higher and lower levels, personal goals and organizational goals consistent, so as to condense into a powerful group without fear. The second one is about? Will be with you? Discussion on the relationship between.

From the attack? Would you win if you could? In other words, Jun mainly fully trusts the coach and is sure of employing people. If a general has talent, the monarch should not interfere with the command, but let him display his talent, which is an important guarantee for winning. The third one is about? Will be with the soldiers? Discussion on the relationship between. Topographically? Treat the pawn as a treasure, and you can go to the deep stream with him; Treat a pawn like a son, so that you can die with it? It means that if a general can treat soldiers like babies and his beloved son, then they can get involved in danger, life and death.

(C) Strategic management mentality

The strategic management thought in Sun Tzu's The Art of War occupies a very prominent position in the history of China. Therefore, it is victory, and the good are not good; Defeat the enemy's soldiers without fighting, and the good ones are also good. So the soldiers attacked the city, and then the soldiers attacked the city. His foresight had a far-reaching impact on the world.

Between the lines of Sun Tzu's Art of War, the spirit of strategic victory runs through. For example, to fully grasp the relevant content and put forward? Five things? And then what? Seven plans? And emphasize that this is a relationship? National events, places of life and death, ways of survival? Important issues. So-called? Five things? , refers to? All the way, two days, three places, four generals and five laws? ; ? Seven plans? Meaning? Who is the Lord? Who can? What is heaven and earth? What is the law? Who is stronger? Who practices foot soldiers? Who thinks rewards and punishments are clearly right? Five things? And then what? Seven plans? Analysis? I know the result from this. ?

Sun Tzu's art of war requires that what should be done in the process of formulating strategies? Know yourself and yourself? Fully grasp the situation of both sides, not only to understand each other, but also to understand yourself.

Discussed in Attack? Know yourself and know yourself, and you will be invincible; Know yourself and yourself, one wins and one loses; If you don't know each other, if you don't know your friends, every battle will be dangerous. ? In the process of implementing the strategy, we should plan carefully, and the more careful we plan, the more likely we are to defeat the enemy.

Discussed in Ji pian? If the husband does not fight, the temple will win; If the temple didn't win before the war, it would be too few. Winning more and winning less is worse than nothing! ? One? Do you know? One? Count? From the perspective of strategic management psychology, the result is obvious.

(D) Tactical management mentality

There are many discourses on tactical command in the Art of War, many of which have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, such as surprise, surprise and rapid deployment of troops, which have important enlightenment significance for people to carry out management work scientifically.

What is the famous conclusion of Sun Tzu's basic viewpoint on tactical issues? Soldiers, cunning way? . In the face of war, we should not only have a strategic vision? Do you know? With what? Count? Scientific attitude, but also use superman's strategy in tactics, because? The soldier won? , so that's it? Soldiers stand by and cheat? . Only through various strategies and technical skills, can we disrupt the enemy's sight, disrupt the enemy's deployment, undermine the opponent's confidence and surprise him, and then we can defeat him. Namely. Show that you can't, use it without showing it, show it far and near, show it far and far, attack it unprepared and surprise it. ? ("Ji pian") means that you obviously have the strength to compete with your opponent, but you deliberately pretend that you can't beat it. If you want to fight, you must pretend that you don't want to fight; Close and pretend to be far away; Facing the distance, deliberately pretending to be close. That is to say, we should use certain means to confuse the enemy. How about one when the other side is negligent in prevention? Surprise? , won.

Sun Tzu's art of war was also put forward? Is this a wonderful victory? The law.

In the "potential chapter", what is discussed is:? Those who fight, with the right combination, with strange victories. Therefore, the good and the strange are infinite as heaven and earth, and inexhaustible as rivers. That's true. It can be roughly interpreted as a battle carried out by conventional combat methods according to the usual tactical principles; And then what? Qisheng? It refers to using strategy according to the battlefield situation, taking the other side by surprise. That is to say, tactically, it is strange to attack openly, attack secretly, fight according to general principles and adopt special tactics. It enlightens people that in management activities, people who are good at winning by surprise are easy to get good grades.

In "Nine Places", it is also discussed that: Love soldiers as the main speed, take advantage of people's incompetence and attack them without retreating. ? It is believed that using troops quickly, taking advantage of the enemy's unprepared opportunity, choosing the road that the enemy did not expect and attacking the enemy's unprepared place. It further illustrates the rapid deployment of troops and the winning effect of surprise and surprise

(e) Leadership, psychological and ideological leadership.

The psychological thought is fully expounded in Sun Tzu's Art of War, and its 13 articles all run through the requirements for the general's psychological quality. Will, wisdom, faith, kindness, courage and strictness? ("meter"). Discussed in the Psalms? So, a good fighter seeks the situation without complaining, so he chooses people to follow the trend? And then what? If you are in power, you will fight with others, such as turning over trees and stones. The nature of wood and stone, harmony is static, danger is moving, square is stopping, and circle is fine. So, if you are good at fighting people's potential, such as turning a boulder on a mountain thousands of miles away, what is the potential? The general is also required to put the dominant thinking on relying on, utilizing, grasping and creating a favorable winning situation, rather than demanding his soldiers. We must find ways to stimulate the team's high morale, so that it contains an explosive momentum, just like a full bow, a trigger, and an unstoppable boulder rolling down the mountain. This requires leaders to have the ability to create momentum, mobilize ideas and boost morale first. Modern management psychology shows that the establishment of leader's authority mainly depends on the leader's natural influence, and in the natural influence, professional knowledge and technology are the main factors for leaders to establish prestige and win the conviction and support of subordinates.

Sun Tzu's art of war pays more attention to the professional ability of generals.

"conspiracy and attack" points out:? I know nothing about the three armed forces, but those in charge of the three armed forces are confused by the sergeant; If a sergeant doesn't know the rights of the three armed forces and works with them, it is very suspicious. ? It can be seen that professional quality is the most basic ability requirement that leaders should have.

Sun Tzu's Art of War also has an important discussion on the personality qualities that leaders should have, such as nine points? The general's business, quiet and motionless, is for the sake of rule? It is to require leaders to have calm, steady, fair, strict and decisive personality characteristics. Another example is the terrain: Therefore, the way of war will win, and the Lord said: if there is no war, there will be war; The way of war is invincible, and the Lord said: there must be war, and there is no war. ? That is to say, the general should decide whether to fight or not according to the actual situation and development trend of the war, without the interference of the monarch's orders, and further put forward that the general can fight at a critical moment? Your life is not affected? . In other words, leaders must have their own opinions, strong control and determination to achieve great things. The thought of contingency in modern management psychology is also discussed in Sun Tzu's Art of War. Like in Virtual Reality? The five elements are impermanent, the four seasons are impermanent, the days are short and the months are long, and the months die and live? And then what? The soldiers are unpredictable, and the water is unpredictable. Can the winner be called God because of the change of the enemy? . Clearly require leaders to have contingency thinking and resilience.

Fire attack also discusses the leader's personal emotional control and psychological prevention, pointing out that: the Lord can not be angry and start a division, can not be angry and fight. ? In other words, leaders should keep a clear head, don't send troops on impulse, and don't go to war blindly with emotions. Leaders are required to have strong self-control ability and strong psychological endurance, and make decisions according to objective conditions rather than subjective wishes.

(VI) Motivation Psychology The core issue of modern management psychology research is motivation, that is, how to mobilize people's enthusiasm and maximize work efficiency. Sun Tzu's art of war attaches great importance to human motivation.

There are many special expositions in Battle, such as? So, in the car war, the car has already taken ten times, and the first one will be rewarded? , ? People who take advantage of the enemy have goods? . It also puts forward that the rewards for special periods and emergencies should break the routine and increase the intensity. If you can't give rewards, you can't make political orders? . Advocate caring for soldiers and arouse their enthusiasm. Such as "nine places:? Treat the pawn as a treasure, and you can go to the deep stream with him; Treat a chess piece like a son so that you can die with him. ?

Sun Tzu's Art of War not only attaches importance to material and spiritual incentives for people, but also discusses adventure incentives in nine places. Handsome with the period, such as climbing its ladder, handsome with the depth of the waiting place, and the opportunity. People who cross the rubicon and gather the three armies are desperate, which is called the general's business. ? In other words, a general entrusts troops with tasks, just like pulling out a ladder when climbing a mountain, so that they will retreat if they don't advance. To lead an army deep into the enemy country, we must let them go forward as bravely as shooting arrows with crossbows. Burning ships, smashing iron pots and breaking their retreat show that if they advance, they will live, if they retreat, they will die, and if they don't fight, they will die, stimulating the army to fight to the death. Is this the so-called? Beat it to death, throw it on the ground and survive? . What is this insurance incentive called in modern management? Disaster management? That is, using catastrophic situations to stimulate employees' sense of crisis and responsibility, maximize the inherent potential of employees and produce special effects.

Third, the conclusion

Although Sun Tzu's Art of War is an ancient work of art, its essence of management thought, organization method and leadership art has opened the way for us to create management psychology with China characteristics today. In particular, the thought of management psychology not only greatly enriches the subject content of management psychology in China, promotes the scientific development of this subject, but also provides a good reference for people to carry out management activities scientifically in various fields.

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