By analyzing the psychological conflicts of college students in adapting to the environment, interpersonal relationship, life frustration and self-cognition, this paper emphasizes that it is imperative to strengthen college students' psychological health education, and puts forward specific measures for college students' psychological health education, with a view to playing a positive role in cultivating college students' good psychological quality.
Keywords: college students; Mental health; Educational work
At present, people's economic life, values, ways of thinking and interpersonal relationships have undergone great changes, and people's psychological state will naturally be greatly affected. Especially in the market economy, the demand for talents is higher, which inevitably brings some psychological problems to college students, such as interpersonal barriers, personality barriers, sexual confusion and so on. It is imperative to correctly analyze the psychological status of college students, strengthen their psychological health education, guide them to maintain their physical and mental health and prevent various psychological diseases.
First, the psychological problems of college students can not be ignored
College students are in a critical period of life growth. The psychological development is unbalanced and the mood is unstable. Faced with some practical problems, psychological conflicts occur from time to time.
1. Difficult to adapt to the environment
The learning environment has changed, leaving the parents and teachers who have long relied on it. Facing the new study and life style, some students have a contradiction between independence and dependence. In the new environment, in the face of the contrast between ideal and reality, there will be negative emotions such as anxiety, depression and fear.
2. Self-cognitive impairment
In middle school, he is a top student, praised by teachers, praised by parents, envied by classmates, and always in a happy atmosphere. However, when we go to university, there are many talents and experts. Some students' learning methods are not suitable, and they lose their original position at the top of the list, and their self-esteem is seriously frustrated, which is easy to produce self-denial thoughts.
3. Interpersonal barriers
Interpersonal relationship has become a sensitive issue for contemporary college students, and many people are often in contradiction. On the one hand, I don't want to open my heart and close myself; On the other hand, they are eager to socialize, get friendship and show their strength. College students with poor communication and defective personality may have contradictions that are difficult to eliminate. The change of environment, the influence of social thoughts and the change of people's communication style have deepened this contradiction.
4. Frustrations in life
Life setbacks caused by some accidental factors easily affect their emotional stability, such as lovelorn, major family changes, economic difficulties and so on. Because most college students seldom suffer serious setbacks before, they lack certain ability to resist setbacks. Once they encounter setbacks, they are helpless and have poor endurance, which causes them anxiety, painful disappointment, rebellion and other bad psychology.
5. The problem of choosing a job
With the deepening of reform, it has brought more opportunities and freedom for college students to choose a job, but it has also increased the difficulty of choosing a job and increased their psychological pressure. For a few college students, even graduation means unemployment, which is unacceptable for college graduates with poor psychological endurance and weak psychological adaptability. This aggravates their fear, anxiety and irritability.
Second, the causes of psychological confusion of college students
The causes of these psychological problems are not only social factors, family factors, but also school factors and self-factors
Social factors are mainly due to the competition mechanism introduced by market economy, which makes some weak-willed students have a negative attitude when facing challenges and setbacks; At the same time, money worship and hedonism in society have also eroded the hearts of some college students, who are not interested in politics and indifferent to Marxism-Leninism, and their capitalist ideals and beliefs have declined.
Family environment is also an important factor. College students with strict parental discipline tend to show hostility, shyness and inferiority. College students whose parents love and protect them are highly dependent, shy and self-centered. Most college students whose parents let their behavior go unchecked are sloppy and lack social experience, and so on.
School factors mainly include: First, changes in the environment and geographical location. After entering the university, it is easy to arouse their homesickness when they encounter practical difficulties. The second is the influence of educational ideas. Some schools emphasize knowledge education and professional education, but ignore the cultivation of students' all-round quality, thus diluting students' awareness of participating in various beneficial social activities. The third is the influence of interpersonal atmosphere. Harmonious interpersonal relationship can make people feel comfortable and live a happy life. Nervous interpersonal relationships can lead to unpleasant, troublesome and painful emotional experiences. Fourth, bad cultural atmosphere breeds bad phenomena. For example, idolization, infatuation with fashion, indulging in dining tables or lingering under the flowers and the moon, and so on.
Self-factors mainly include not being able to correctly evaluate yourself and others, not being able to correctly choose and develop yourself, and affecting communication with others; Sexual maturity brings about changes in sexual psychology. Due to shallow experience, shallow experience and poor rationality, there is a strong psychological imbalance between feelings and honor.
Third, the main ways to prevent and solve psychological problems
At present, the main ways to prevent and solve college students' psychological problems are:
1. Master necessary psychological knowledge to prevent mental illness.
The improvement of college students' psychological quality is inseparable from the study of psychological knowledge. We should systematically learn psychological knowledge, understand the laws and characteristics of our own psychological development and change, learn the methods of psychological health care, and consciously adjust and control our emotions. Let psychology enter the classroom of college students and offer more psychology courses closely related to college students, such as? Social psychology? 、? Developmental psychology? And so on, so that college students' psychological adjustment ability and anti-frustration ability can be enhanced.
2. Strengthen psychological counseling and improve psychological counseling services.
School psychological consultation is an important way to improve students' mental health, prevent and treat mental diseases and optimize their psychological quality. First, leaders should pay attention to it. Guarantee institutions, staffing, funds, places, etc. The second is to improve the quality of psychological counselors. For ideological and political workers, they should supplement their knowledge and skills in psychology; Those who engage in psychology should supplement their knowledge of ideological and political work. The third is to carry out adaptive consultation. Open up some publicity columns for psychological counseling and hold lectures on mental health knowledge. Through the establishment of psychological consultation mailbox, hotline, psychological test, communication, lectures and other forms of publicity.
3. Pay attention to the construction of campus culture and create a good psychological and social atmosphere.
Creating a civilized and healthy campus cultural atmosphere is one of the important contents of cultivating college students' healthy psychology. Campus culture is conducive to forming a healthy and upward atmosphere, helping students deepen their self-awareness, fully develop their personality and improve their adaptability. Cultivate students' optimistic attitude towards life by carrying out colorful cultural activities. Actively cultivate psychological culture, excellent school spirit and style of study, optimize the psychological quality of college students, purify the soul, cultivate moral sentiments and improve the moral realm.
4. Adhere to the combination of mental health education and ideological and political education
Mental health education and ideological and political education belong to the education work, and they are both related and different. Mental health education focuses on improving personal physical and mental health, while ideological and political education focuses on cultivating students' world outlook, outlook on life, values and morality. Therefore, we must grasp our respective key points and combine them organically. Follow the law of college students' ideological understanding and mental health development, eliminate students' psychological obstacles by psychological rehabilitation, increase ideological guidance, overcome some unhealthy psychology and extreme views, and combine psychological counseling with ideological education to improve students' mental health level.
References:
[1] Ni Hai. Mental Health Education for College Students [M]. Chengdu: Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Press, 2008