In the process of translation, understanding is the premise of expression, so we should first skim the full text, grasp the content of the whole article as a whole, and understand the grammatical and logical relationship between the underlined part and the rest of the article.
In the underlined part, the sentence structure is generally more complicated. If the sentence structure is unclear, it is difficult to make a correct translation. When analyzing the underlined sentence structure, we should pay attention to distinguish the main sentence, which is the backbone of the sentence. Secondly, to understand the meaning of underlined sentences, we should not only understand the surface meaning of sentences, but also understand the meaning in a specific language environment. We should also pay special attention to pronouns and their meanings in sentences. In addition, we should pay attention to the phrases and fixed structures contained in sentences, which are often the test sites.
After correctly understanding the original text, the next step is translation. The key is to faithfully express the original meaning of English by various translation methods. There are two ways of translation: literal translation and free translation, but many of us don't understand the difference between literal translation and free translation. From the above differences between English and Chinese, it can be seen that there can be no absolute literal translation.
Because, after all, the differences between the two languages are too great, any literal translation is a literal translation after some modifications. But some people think that this is a free translation, which is wrong. It usually appears in literary translation. The key to translation is to have a correct translation consciousness. The skills mentioned above must be used, and mastering this has the premise of doing a good job in English translation. Mainly have the following translation skills.
There are three main aspects of inspection. One is to check whether the translation is faithful to the original. By comparing the translated text with the original text, problems can often be found. The second is to check whether the translation itself is fluent or clear. The third is to check whether there are clerical errors, missing words, pronouns, untranslated tenses, numbers, dates, punctuation marks, etc. ?
Translation skills:
1, translation method. Most of the translated sentences are complex sentences, but there are no one-to-one complex sentences in Chinese. Therefore, in order to be translated into people's understanding, it must be decomposed and translated into separate sentences.
2. Translation methods. Many passive voices may make people feel uncomfortable if they are mechanically converted into passive voices, so they need to be converted into active voices. In addition, there are various situations such as negative translation.
3. Add or subtract words. Due to the differences between English and Chinese, when translating sentences that look normal in English into Chinese, the original meaning of English may not be expressed without adding or subtracting some words, so we should use addition and subtraction appropriately.
4. Single and plural translation. Singular and plural should be translated. For example, "birdsinthetree" can be translated as "birds in the tree".
5. Translation of tenses. English has sentence elements that express tenses, but Chinese doesn't. Therefore, it is necessary to add some adverbs indicating time, such as "le, zai" and so on.
6. Translation of pronouns. Pronouns generally need to be translated into nouns, that is, the meaning they refer to.
7. Translation of names and places. What you know can be translated. If you don't know, keep the original text.