Reference is an important part of the paper. Correctly citing references can not only reflect the scientific and rigorous nature of the paper, but also show the scientific attitude and academic quality of the author in acknowledging and respecting other people's research achievements and copyrights. However, the authors, reviewers and editors of the paper have more or less exposed some bad academic behaviors intentionally or unintentionally in the actual citation process of references.

Based on the author's peer review practice and experience, this paper analyzes and summarizes six kinds of academic misconduct in references in order to attract the attention of authors, reviewers and editors and avoid similar problems from happening again.

Types of Academic Misconduct in References Citation

1 Yin Yin

Induction refers to the act of inducing or forcing the author to quote a specific or certain range of documents in the paper for a certain purpose. This behavior is due to the academic evaluation function of references. References are the basis for calculating the impact factors of journals, and the citation times of scientific papers are excellent evaluations of the academic level and paper quality of journals. Therefore, some journals and individuals use citation to improve their influence factors and the influence degree of their works.

There are two kinds of inducement: periodical editorial department inducement and reviewer inducement. Citation by periodical editorial department means that if there are no articles published by the contributing journals in the references of manuscripts, some periodical editorial departments will ask or suggest the authors to quote 1-2 articles published by the contributing journals in the references. Although this is not a compulsory measure, in order to publish a paper, the author often meets this requirement against his will.

The induction of periodicals has a good effect on improving their own influencing factors. Due to the lack of corresponding restriction mechanism and necessary moral condemnation, the practices of these journals will exist for a long time, and even lead to imitation by editors of other journals.

Referee citation refers to that some reviewers encounter papers with similar research directions when reviewing manuscripts, point out "please refer to ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

The cited reference may be an omission in the author's literature retrieval, and it is an essential document in the paper. This kind of reminder is an inevitable requirement of peer review, but most of the cited references are impure in motivation and purpose, which is a kind of fraud in academic journals and belongs to the category of academic misconduct.