Use the internal paper duplicate checking system provided by schools or institutions to make inquiries.

Use online paper duplicate checking tools, such as HowNet, paperfree, papertime, etc.

Manually compare papers with published documents, find similar parts, and calculate the repetition rate.

It should be noted that different duplicate checking systems may have different matching algorithms and databases, so the query results may be different. At the same time, paper duplication checking is an auxiliary tool, which needs to be combined with manual review and subjective judgment to determine the quality and level of the paper.