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The Significance of Farewell to Minister Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou.
Farewell Minister Shu Yun to Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou (1)

Author: Tang Libai

I had to leave Potter and me since yesterday.

It hurts my heart even more today.

Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng. When I face them from this villa, drink my wine (2).

The bones of great writers are all your brushes. In Tianpai (3), I grew up beside you as Xiao Xie (4).

We all yearn for distant thoughts, the sky and the bright moon.

But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows.

Because the world can't satisfy our desire, I will loosen my hair and get on a fishing boat tomorrow.

To annotate ...

(1). The title of the poem Wen Yuan Hua Ying is Song of Accompanying Yu Shuhua to Climb the Building, and the other is Liu Yun and Li Hua. Shu Yun, another five-character poem written by Li Bai, was written in a spring and has nothing to do with this poem. The annotated version of this poem is mostly written in the twelfth year of Tianbao, but it is ambiguous about "Uncle Hua" and "Uncle Yun". To be tested. "Biography of Li Hua in the New Tang Dynasty": "Tianbao moved to prison in the eleventh year". Zhao Jun, Li Xi, Fang Jingxin, Zhong Yun, Zuo Si and Yuan Wailang; Uncle Yun, monitor the empire. Xuanzhou: the area around Xuancheng County, Anhui Province today. Xie Tiao Building, also known as North Building and Xiegong Building, was built on Lingyang Mountain when Xie Tiao was the magistrate of Xuancheng. In the 12th year of Tianbao (753), Li Bai went south from Liangyuan (now Kaifeng) and arrived in Xuancheng in autumn. Li Bai also wrote a five-character poem "Autumn Ascending the North Building of Xie Tiao in Xuancheng". Textbook: the official name, that is, school children, is responsible for the collation of books in the court. Uncle Yun: Liu Yun, Zuo Shu, Yi Jie; The solution of a person who is suspected to be surnamed Li and uncle Yun.

2. Tall buildings: Drinking in tall buildings.

3. Penglai: This refers to the concept of oriental books in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Twenty-third Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Biography of Dou Rong, with Biography of Zhang Dou, is the time when scholars called Dongguan the hometown Tibetan room and the Taoist Penglai Mountain. Li Xian's Note: "Yandongguan has many classics. Penglai, Shenshan in the sea, Xianfu, and the cheats are all here. " Jian 'an Bone: Poems written by writers such as "Three Cao" and "Seven Zi" stood out in style during the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty, and were later called "Jian 'an Bone". Seven sons are Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Tang Ying and Serina Liu.

④ Xiao Xie: Thank you. Later generations regarded him and Xie Lingyun at the same time, and called him Daxie and Xiao Xie. Qingfa: handsome and handsome.

⑤ Yixing: In addition to elegance, it refers to scenery. Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting: "I am far away, and I am happy in Yu Feixiang." Li Bai's "seeing the guests off to Vietnam": "Jinghu Lake overflows with clear waves, and fanatics return to the boat." Think strong and fly: Lu Sidao's "Lu Ji Shi Ji": "Li Cichun, think strong and fly."

⑥. Browse: convey the meaning of "take" and "take". Whether it is the bright moon or the sun and moon is controversial.

7. Distribution: If you don't wear a crown, you won't be an official. The ancients wore their hair in a crown and distributed it to show their leisure. They built a boat: they retired to rivers, lakes and seas by boat. See Note 25 of Wang's Solitary Drinking on Twelve Cold Nights.

Posterity evaluation

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This poem has a unique charm of Taibai, and its predecessors called it "like a powerful and unconstrained style, the dragon leaps into the sea" (Yan Canglang and Liu Huimeng commented on the third edition of Ming Chongzhen Li Taibai Ji); Rise beyond the Limit (Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty by Wang Fuzhi, Volume I); Passion changes (Lu Shiyong's Mirror of Tang Poetry, Volume 19). There are seven clouds in Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties: "If you are far away, you will be happy to fly. What Du Fu said is that you are' floating in the clouds'. A thousand years later, I can still see the difference between wine and shore. What a genius. " Tang Ruxun's Interpretation of Tang Poems (Volume XIII): "It's hard to get tired of the world, but it's easy to think about living. It is said that the past is gone forever, and there will be many troubles in the future. Why not take advantage of this autumn to climb the stairs and have fun? ..... but I can't get near you, so I can't forget it. " If you start your life by drawing a sword and cutting off water, it is said that life is not what you want, so it is easy to travel by boat. Why do you want to be an official? The first four sentences of Qu's Three Hundred Tang Poems are "heroic like a shower". Words flow like the sun and the moon, and time flies. Yesterday was hard to stay, but when I was worried, life was impermanent and the autumn wind was sad! "When this autumn wind sends geese and overlooks tall buildings, you won't be completely drunk to write about my concern, will you? An Qi and others' Notes on the Chronology of Li Bai's Complete Works said: "The predecessors often praised Li Yun with the sentence of Penglai, which is wrong. Penglai Pian and Wenyuan Huaying are both Chua's Pians, and Chua should refer to Cai Yong. Yong once participated in the writing of A History of the East View of Hanshu. Although the writing of historical books was not directed by Ban Gu, the words were still muddled, and his various comments were to the point and radiant. ..... This poem is unique in the article. The first draft is called' Chua's'. What makes you feel? Seven sons of Jian 'an, generous, upright and talented. Although it is in the season, it is outstanding through the ages. Xiao Xie is also a talent, he can't die. During the 300 years in the Southern Dynasties, Bai praised many times, not only because of his talent, but also because of his unfulfilled ambition. Penglai's sentences are full of encouraging words from China. Although they think the world is coming to an end, they also want to make a difference. Bai Hehua went upstairs to write a paper and talk about poetry. What's the point? However, in the end, the troubles are hard to get rid of, so there is a saying,' But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with swords, we raise our glasses to eliminate our worries', and the whole article ends with' sending a boat'. I was worried, angry and helpless, so I had to send someone to die. "

Comments:

This poem aims to compare Penglai's articles with Liu Yun's, and express itself with Xie Tiao. Say goodbye to praise each other, but cherish your life. Open the first two sentences, don't write farewell, don't write buildings, but express your own anguish and worries. Three or four sentences suddenly make a turning point, from depression to hearty grandeur, and a picture of sending geese in autumn unfolds. A "farewell" and a "sound" point out the theme of "farewell". "Penglai" four sentences, mutual praise articles, such as Penglai Palace secluded, vigorous and powerful, with the wind of Jian 'an. And show your talent to thank you? Self-comparison expresses the pursuit of lofty ideals. At the same time, it also shows the poet's view of literature and art. The last four sentences express the irreconcilable feelings between ideal and reality, which inevitably leads to anxiety and depression, so he has to seek sustenance in "boating". Thoughts and feelings change rapidly, and the artistic structure is ups and downs. The ups and downs, for no reason, are intermittent, which profoundly shows the poet's contradictory mood. Language is bold and natural, and melody is harmonious and unified. "But since the water is still flowing, even though we cut it with a sword, sadness is still flowing, even though we drown it with wine" is a famous saying that describes depression for thousands of years.

In the first year of Tianbao (742), Li Bai came to Chang 'an with lofty political ideals and worked in imperial academy. Two years later, he left the court because of being demoted and began to wander again with indignation. In the autumn of the twelfth year of Tianbao (753), Li Bai came to Xuanzhou. One of his uncles, whose official was a school bookkeeper, was leaving, so he wrote this poem to bid farewell to pedestrians. In poetry, we don't say goodbye directly, but rewrite it to express our grievances and resentment. Xie Tiao Building was built on Lingyang Mountain when Xie Tiao, a poet of the Southern Qi Dynasty, was the magistrate of Xuanzhou. Li Bai traveled to Xuanzhou in Tianbao for twelve years, and happened to meet Li Hua, who came to Xuancheng for business, as a supervisor, and * * * boarded the Xie Tiao Building, so he wrote this poem. The poem expresses the depressed mood of wasting time and serving the country. By praising Penglai's articles, Jian 'an style and Xie Tiao's poems, an idealized spiritual paradigm is outlined in the depths of history. In contrast to the current situation of anxiety, it has aroused the peak of emotional conflict that cannot be resolved, like "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword, sadness is back, although we drown it with wine". In addition, the artistic structure of time interspersed in the poem strengthens the emotional expression effect of ups and downs. The temporal characteristics of "yesterday" and "today" are measured by "abandoning me" and "confusing me", especially showing the self-centered position.

The first two sentences of this poem are abrupt. He said, "The past days have left me, and I can't stay. The days now can only fill my heart with troubles and sadness. " He directly expressed the tone of the poem. However, the poem did not continue to write troubles and worries. The following six sentences are the second level, and the poet's brushwork shows another world. In the crisp autumn, geese fly high in the Changfeng of Wan Li. Faced with such an open landscape, you can drink a glass of wine casually on the high building. Write five or six sentences about the thoughts and emotions after drinking. Penglai is a legendary fairy mountain with many treasures and cheats. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, people called the National Library Penglai Mountain. Penglai articles here are used to refer to articles in the Han Dynasty. Jian 'an Bone refers to the poetry creation during the Jian 'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty (193-220). The poems written by Cao Cao and his son, RoyceWong and other "seven sons of Jian 'an" are rich in content, simple in language and vigorous and handsome in style, and later called "Jian 'an Style". Xiao Xie, that is, Xie Tiao, in order to distinguish Xie Tiao and Xie Lingyun, called Xie Lingyun a big thank and Xie Tiao Xiao Xie. Xie Tiao's poetic style is fresh and beautiful, which is deeply loved by Li Bai. After drinking, Li Bai's thoughts were wide open. He thought of the magnificent articles of the Han Dynasty and the vigorous poems of Jian 'an, and he was in Xie Tiao Building. Of course, he even thought of Xiao Xie's poems between Han and Tang Dynasties. He admired these cultural traditions, so he proudly compared and praised the achievements of Liu Yun and himself with those of China, Wei's and Xiao Xie. Thinking of this, the poet's mood became more and more excited and high, so he issued seven or eight shouts, "We all hold high our thoughts in the distance and yearn for the sky and the bright moon." They are ambitious, ambitious, and want to fly to the sky to meet the bright moon. Of course, the pursuit of carefree is just an illusion, which is impossible in the real world. Finally, he landed on real land! So, the author turned to the third floor. The ninth and tenth sentences use a metaphor, saying: It's like cutting off the water flow with a knife. As a result, the water flows faster. It is absolutely impossible to get drunk when drinking, because drunkenness will lead to inner sadness and resentment. The last two sentences mean that in this society, the ideal can't be realized, and we have to wait until one day we can sail by boat. The poet pinned his hopes of relieving his worries and gaining freedom on the Ming Dynasty. Although this is still a dim fantasy, it shows his indomitable and optimistic spirit. It's hard to go with << One day, I will ride the long wind, break through the huge waves, raise my muddy sails and sail in the deep sea. Have the same effect.

This is an ancient poem with seven words, which is not limited to seven words, and the length of its sentence can be expanded and contracted with the needs of lyricism. Like the first two sentences, prose syntax is used to express deep worries. The middle part of the poem, from "melancholy" to "enjoying the bright moon in the tall building", to "melancholy" and to "building a boat" at the end of the sentence, has ups and downs and changes in opening and closing, which fully embodies the poet's unresolved sorrow. To study this poem, we should find out the specific background of the poet's feelings of being short of talent, such as the downfall of Li in the early years of Tianbao, the tactics of Li and Yang in the late years of Tianbao, the jealousy of talents, and the darkness and decay of state affairs.

Interpretation of poetry

It is inevitable to leave my yesterday, and today, which disturbs my mood, makes me extremely worried. In the face of this scene, Wan blew the swan geese returning to the south, and they could climb the tall buildings and have a good drink. Your article is as profound as the immortal prose stored in Penglai Palace, and also has the character of Jian 'an literature. And my poetic style is as fresh and beautiful as Xie Tiao's, elegant and bold. We are all full of lofty sentiments and exultation, and our jumping thoughts are like flying high in the blue sky to pick the bright moon. However, whenever I think about the opportunities in life, I worry. It's like drawing a treasure knife to cut running water. Instead of being cut off, the current is more fierce. I raised my glass and drank heavily. I wanted to drown my sorrows in wine, but I was even more worried. Ah! Life is so unhappy in this world, it is better to have long hair and retire from the rivers and lakes tomorrow.