In this case, we must rely on the foothold of sustainable and harmonious development of domestic economy and society. We will, as always, intensify opening-up and deepen domestic reform. The fact is that the development pressure difference caused by the urban-rural dual economy and regional differences in China, such as water flowing downwards, will lead to the reasonable transfer of capital, labor and technology according to market demand in the process of comprehensively deepening reform. Such a process, at least ten or twenty years, will still be a development stage of maintaining medium and high-speed growth. In China, it is natural to form an array pattern. While accelerating the industrial transformation and upgrading in the eastern coastal areas, its mature industries will gradually transfer to the central and western regions, thus promoting the modernization process in the central and western regions. The reason why China's economy is resilient is that China has a vast territory and various types of industries, and this industry is not prosperous. China's economic support is not unique, but "four beams and eight pillars", which has strong impact resistance and toughness.
The key to using the pressure difference between urban and rural areas is to speed up the construction of new countryside. First of all, in terms of hardware construction, the transformation of rural roads, hydropower and communication infrastructure and the territorial improvement of village communities require considerable investment. In particular, accelerate the construction of rural Internet infrastructure and provide a good hardware environment for rural residents to innovate and start businesses. Second, in terms of financial support, it is necessary to speed up the pilot project of mortgage of rural homestead and land management right, revitalize rural capital and let rural capital flow. The third is to accelerate the construction of rural education, health and people's livelihood projects. Through financial subsidies and increased transfer payments, we will promote the people's livelihood construction in the central and western regions, especially in poverty-stricken areas, and increase human capital support for the long-term development of local economy.
Excerpted from Baidu Library
While economic globalization promotes the development of the world economy, it also brings different degrees of economic fluctuations and political instability to all countries, especially developing countries. In recent years, the financial crisis and political turmoil in Mexico, Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries are strong evidence. Its painful cost and profound lessons should be taken as a warning. Economic globalization has opened the door to China, which brings a golden opportunity for development, but it also threatens and affects the social and political stability of China. We must face up to the challenges and explore the laws and countermeasures of social and political stability and development in China under the condition of economic globalization.
First, the impact of economic globalization on the social and political stability of contemporary China.
Today's world economic globalization is the inevitable product of the high development of human social productivity and world communication. As an objective natural and historical process, it constantly shows the characteristics of "surpassing the nation-state". But in fact, capitalism dominates economic globalization, trying to transform the whole world according to its face and make it completely "global capitalism". This duality determines the development of economic globalization on world history, and at the same time has the dual effects of promoting and hindering. Its influence on socialist China is essentially the challenge of capitalism to socialism. Generally speaking, its pattern is that opportunities and challenges coexist, and opportunities outweigh challenges, but under certain conditions, challenges may outweigh opportunities. This is not only reflected in its challenge to China's socialist economic and social development, but also in its challenge to the stability and development of China's socialist democracy.
First of all, economic globalization has brought great challenges to China's social productive forces and economic development, and directly affected the economic and social foundation of China's social and political stability. Secondly, the globalization of the world economy led by capitalism poses a fundamental threat to China's socialist political system and the people's democratic regime led by * *.
Third, economic globalization has challenged China's national sovereignty, national interests and national security.
Fourth, economic globalization has posed a new challenge to the new round of political system reform in China, which has made the political reform process face greater difficulties, contradictions and risks and bred new political instability factors.
Fifth, the cultural and ideological conflicts brought about by economic globalization have also aggravated the political instability in China to some extent.
In a word, economic globalization has linked China with the whole world. Due to the "butterfly effect", any slight fluctuation of the international community may bring economic fluctuation and political instability to China society. This is an objective fact that must be faced squarely.
Second, the way and characteristics of economic globalization affecting China's social and political stability
The influence of economic globalization on China's social and political stability is all-round, with different manifestations and characteristics in various fields of economy, politics, culture and social life.
From the economic point of view, economic globalization has a direct, comprehensive and profound impact on China's economic stability and political stability mainly through the market economy mechanism. The basis of economic globalization is the globalization of the world market, which spontaneously regulates the economic development of countries and the world economic relations according to the principle of free competition. The globalization of world economy led by capitalism is directly leading the basic contradictions of capitalist society and the risks, contradictions and crises of international economy and politics to China society through the connection between the world market and China market, which affects the stable development of socialist modernization in China. There are two manifestations. First, it directly affects the stable development of China's economy, mainly the balance of economic aggregate and the stability of economic structure. The second is to influence the stable development of politics by influencing the economic development of China. It is worth pointing out that these factors of economic globalization co-exist, interact and transform with each other, forming a comprehensive influence throughout the economic and political development of China. Therefore, the market mechanism is the most basic way to influence China's economic development and social and political stability.
From a political point of view, economic globalization mainly realizes the political stability and development of countries through macro-control and dialogue and consultation mechanisms. In the process of economic globalization, various transnational corporations and enterprises compete for power and profits on a global scale according to the principles of free competition and global interests, which leads to the serious proliferation of international non-ism, but they are irresponsible for the political stability of various countries. Therefore, the responsibility of maintaining the world economic order and social and political stability of all countries still needs to be shared by all countries. Through macro-control, consultation and dialogue and international cooperation, the market will play a fundamental role in the allocation of global resources. The western developed capitalist countries, under the signboard of liberalization, democratization and privatization, advocate adopting the "free democratic market model", advocate and adopt the policy of * * controlling economic liberalization, so as to melt China's * * controlling economic mechanism, restrict China's * * management behavior process, and directly affect China's policy stability and political stability. In addition, by manipulating international economic organizations such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank, Western countries emphasize that everything should be done in accordance with the so-called international practices and international laws, and even pursue unilateralism, putting their own laws above the norms of international relations in an attempt to force China to submit. This "legitimate" means of improper intervention in China's economic and political affairs has a greater and deeper hidden influence on China's political stability. It can be seen that macro-control, consultation and dialogue and international cooperation are the keys to maintaining political stability under the conditions of globalization.
From the cultural point of view, economic globalization directly and indirectly affects the political and ideological stability and popular support of the public in China mainly through the international mass cultural media and its infiltration and integration mechanism. Economic globalization is not only the globalization of material civilization, but also the globalization of spiritual civilization. Capitalist-led economic globalization has not only brought us western material civilization, but also western spiritual civilization, which has also had a great impact on the stability of China's public society, politics and psychology. Today is an information age, but the main mass media tools in the world are monopolized by western developed countries, and a few global media companies monopolize the right to publish and control global information, which actually puts our public in a pattern of information inequality and information asymmetry. Developed countries take this opportunity to promote cultural hegemonism, publicize "Western values" and demonize China, which has produced and formed an invisible infiltration influence and strong public pressure on the ideological unity and psychological stability of the public in China.
From the social point of view, the universality of world communication and the integration of lifestyle brought about by economic globalization are also one of the ways to influence the social and political instability in China. Since the reform and opening up, our people have formed increasingly close economic and social ties with people all over the world in various ways, which have been widely expanded in breadth and depth, and the public lifestyle of our society has also shown the trend of internationalization and globalization. Due to the economic and cultural gap between China and other countries, people are not adapted in the process of integrating into the global social life, resulting in various contradictions and unstable factors, which may produce and aggravate the social and political instability in China.
At present, the impact of economic globalization on the stable development of China society presents such characteristics. First, in the direction of influence, it is a two-way interaction between international and domestic. Second, the content of the impact is a comprehensive development trend of economic, political and cultural mutual penetration, mutual transformation and all-round expansion. Thirdly, the influence mechanism is the interaction, mutual influence and transformation between structure and function. Fourth, in the influence pattern, favorable factors and unfavorable factors coexist. Fifth, in the influence trend, political stability and political instability develop alternately. Promoting reform, opening wider to the outside world and ensuring sustained and stable development are the inevitable choices to cope with various unstable challenges brought about by economic globalization. This is a kind of "shock-response" interactive relationship, and its trajectory and result are generally an "unstable-stable-unstable" process, which goes on and on, developing constantly and even endlessly.
Third, the choice of countermeasures to maintain social and political stability in China under the condition of economic globalization.
Facing the challenge of globalization, how to realize and maintain social and political stability and political development in China, we propose the following countermeasures.
First, we should constantly emancipate our minds and renew our ideas, which is the premise for us to actively respond to economic globalization and maintain social and political stability in China. At present, we must re-understand China's socialist political stability and its significance from the perspective of economic globalization.
Second, we should constantly adapt to the changes in the development of the situation and make timely policy adjustments for social and political stability, which is the key for us to cope with economic globalization and maintain the stable social and political development of China.
Third, facing the challenge of economic globalization, unswervingly taking the road of system innovation and comprehensively establishing and perfecting the new socialist system are the basis for maintaining the stable social and political development of China. First of all, to adhere to the new road of institutional innovation and all-round development of human beings, we must adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, political system and cultural system, and truly realize and give play to the advanced nature and superiority of the socialist system, which is the fundamental guarantee for us to realize the stable development of socialist politics. Secondly, we should take Theory of Three Represents as a guide to accelerate the pace of a new round of system reform. We should seize the favorable opportunity of the current world development in time and strive to gradually build a socialist market economic system and its corresponding new political, legal and cultural systems around 20 10. We should base ourselves on the whole world, take the establishment of a socialist market economic system as a link, and constantly promote the high development of socialist productive forces, which is the fundamental driving force for the stable development of socialist politics. Constantly carrying forward socialist democracy, improving the socialist legal system, developing and perfecting a socialist democratic country ruled by law and its political civilization are the fundamental guarantee for the stable development of socialist politics. Establishing and perfecting a national, popular and scientific socialist new cultural system facing the world, the future and modernization is a great spiritual power and ideological guarantee for the stable development of socialist politics. Third, we must adhere to the independent diplomatic line of peace and democracy, oppose hegemonism, safeguard world peace, and create a peaceful and stable international environment for the stable development of socialism in China. Actively and comprehensively participating in the establishment of a new world economic and political order, promoting the innovative development of the international economic and political system, creating a new development pattern of equality, pluralism and win-win for people all over the world, and promoting the harmonious progress of human civilization are the fundamental directions for achieving socialist political stability and development.
How to Correctly Understand the Current Economic Situation In the first half of this year, in the face of the complicated international environment and the domestic situation of "three phases" (shifting period of economic growth rate, painful period of structural adjustment and digestive period of previous * * * policies), the CPC Central Committee and the State Council firmly grasped the initiative of development, scientifically coordinated and stabilized growth, promoted reform, adjusted structure and benefited people's livelihood, persisted in taking reform and innovation as the driving force, supplemented by structural adjustment, played a market role and paid more attention to guidance.
First, economic implementation is still in a reasonable range.
First, economic growth is stable. According to preliminary accounting, in the first half of this year, China's GDP was 26,904.4 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4% at comparable prices. Among them, it increased by 7.4% in the first quarter and 7.5% in the second quarter, and it was implemented in the range of 7%-8% for 10 consecutive quarters. Although the economic growth rate is slightly lower than last year's 7.7%, considering the changes in the supporting capacity of production factors and the huge base of the world's second largest economy, the speed of 7.4% is not low, not only higher than developed economies, but also higher than other BRICS countries.
Second, the employment situation is steadily improving. Employment is the basis of improving people's livelihood and social stability, and employment stability is an important embodiment of economic stability. In the past two years, the total number of working-age population in China has decreased slightly, while the rapidly developing service industry has enhanced its ability to absorb employment, coupled with the continuous improvement of the active employment policy, the employment situation has remained stable. In the first half of this year, more than 7 million new jobs were created in cities and towns, completing 70% of the annual targets and tasks; The number of rural migrant workers increased by 1.8% year-on-year, with an increase of 3.07 million. This is in stark contrast to the high unemployment rate in most developed economies.
Third, consumer prices are basically stable. In the first half of this year, the supply of major foods was relatively sufficient, the supply and demand of consumer goods market was generally balanced, and consumer prices remained basically stable. In the first half of the year, the consumer price index rose by 2.3% year-on-year, and it was basically implemented smoothly between 1.8%-2.5% every month, far below the overall price control target for the whole year. In other developing countries, the increase of consumer prices is still very high, and the increase of consumer prices in South Africa, Brazil, India and Russia is above 5%.
Fourth, the income of residents has increased steadily. In the first half of this year, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 10025 yuan, a nominal increase of 10.8% year-on-year, and a real increase of 8.3% after deducting the price factor. The median per capita disposable income of the national residents was 8780 yuan, with a nominal year-on-year increase of 13.7%. The per capita cash income of rural residents was 5396 yuan, a nominal increase of 12% year-on-year, and a real increase of 9.8% after deducting the price factor. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was14,959 yuan, a nominal increase of 9.6% year-on-year, and a real increase of 7. 1% after deducting the price factor.
Generally speaking, in the first half of this year, China's economic growth was generally stable, the main economic indicators were in the annual expected target range, and the economic implementation was still in a reasonable range.
Second, structural adjustment has been steadily advanced.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council accurately grasped the favorable opportunity for economic realization in a reasonable range, and promoted reform and transformation in an orderly and powerful manner. They not only let go of the "invisible hand" of the market, but also forced enterprises to transform and upgrade with market forces, and made good use of the "visible hand" of * * to make new progress in structural adjustment, transformation and upgrading.
First, the industrial structure continued to be optimized. In the first half of this year, the added value of the tertiary industry increased by 8% year-on-year, faster than that of the primary and secondary industries, accounting for 46.6% of the GDP. The growth rate of tertiary industry is faster than that of secondary industry, and its proportion in GDP is also higher than that of secondary industry. This is a major change in structural adjustment and transformation and upgrading, and it is also a beautiful scenery in which the economy is slowing down and stabilizing. This means that China's economy is changing from an industrial-led economy to a service-oriented economy, and this trend will have a far-reaching and lasting impact on economic growth and employment, which deserves great attention. At the same time, the agricultural production situation is good, the summer grain has been harvested again, and the agricultural foundation has been further consolidated.
Second, the demand structure has improved. Under the circumstances that the world economic recovery is weaker than expected and the export growth rate fluctuates greatly, domestic demand continues to be the main force driving economic growth. In the first half of this year, the contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth was 102.9%. Moreover, in the case of declining investment growth, the basic role of consumption has been better played. The contribution rate of final consumption to economic growth is 54.4%, which drives GDP growth by 4 percentage points.
Third, the income distribution structure has undergone positive changes. On the one hand, the overall growth rate of residents' income is 2 percentage points higher than that of fiscal revenue and 1 percentage point higher than that of corporate profits, which means that the proportion of residents' income in national income distribution is increasing. On the other hand, the income growth rate of rural residents continues to be higher than that of urban residents, and the income gap between urban and rural residents continues to narrow.
Fourth, new progress has been made in energy conservation and consumption reduction. In the first half of this year, China solidly promoted energy conservation and emission reduction, strictly eliminated backward production capacity, and actively developed high-tech industries and service industries with low energy consumption and high added value. Energy efficiency has been continuously improved, and the proportion of clean energy consumption has increased. Energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 4.2% year-on-year.
With the economic downturn, the central government has 10 trillion infrastructure to save the market. Everything is the same as in 2008, only this time, with the outflow of foreign capital, the situation is even worse!
How to correctly understand the current world situation? Do you want to write a paper? It doesn't mean much to us personally not to write a paper. It is better to save worry and effort.
How to correctly understand the current economic situation in China? You should read the prime minister's report.
I think there are still many difficulties at present, such as the contradiction between rapid development and environment, the contradiction between innovation and reform and economic benefits, the contradiction between the aging population and insufficient insurance benefits, and the contradiction between the marketization of monopoly economy and the stability of fiscal revenue. The Prime Minister has a certain interpretation, and I believe we will still have a good result.
How to correctly understand the development of the current economic situation and transform it into the current economic situation in China?
1978 Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the effect of China's reform and opening up has become increasingly obvious.
Exhibition, China's comprehensive national strength has been greatly improved, and the total economic output has increased. The development of China has also enhanced China's position in the international arena and given China more say in international affairs. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, the world economy has been in a state of depression, and China is no exception. In that year, the economic growth rate dropped by several percentage points, the unemployment rate increased sharply and the export volume decreased. Therefore, in 20 10, China launched a 4 trillion investment plan. Domestically, supported by a large amount of expenditure, China has achieved positive growth among the major economies in the world. At present, the overall situation of the national economy is good, and it continues to develop in the expected direction of macro-control. Looking outward, the deep-seated impact of the international financial crisis is still emerging. The recovery of the world economy is full of twists and turns, and the fragile market confidence is more difficult to recover, which may easily lead to continuous fluctuations in the international foreign exchange, securities, commodities and other markets, and the global economic growth downturn may last for a long time. Looking inward, the foundation of China's economic stabilization is still unstable, and there are many constraints in expanding effective demand. The production and operation difficulties of enterprises have increased, and the task of structural adjustment is arduous. There are still uncertain factors to achieve a bumper agricultural harvest throughout the year, and the downward pressure on the economy is still relatively large. China is at a critical moment from policy-driven to market-driven. Second, enhance awareness.
We cannot change the current world economic situation. We just want to minimize the loss in such a crisis environment. In this regard, we should not only enhance our sense of hardship, attach great importance to difficulties and risks, but also enhance our sense of responsibility, make full use of various favorable conditions, and strengthen our confidence and determination to develop the economy. Emphasizing the sense of hardship means keeping a clear head and fully estimating the existing and potential problems, difficulties and risks in economic implementation. We can't think that the economic growth rate has stabilized, that is, the most difficult period has passed; We can't think that the price increase will fall back, so we can sit back and relax by maintaining price stability and curbing inflation; Moreover, we can't think that we can relax or even liberalize macro-control and reform measures in some key areas with initial results. We must closely follow and monitor the changes in economic operation and find new situations and problems in time. For the new shocks that may be brought by some uncertain factors, we should not only prepare for short-term sudden shocks, but also make long-term plans, improve our ability to resist risks and firmly grasp the initiative. Emphasizing firm confidence and determination means grasping favorable opportunities and conditions, and seeing opportunities and bright development prospects while facing risks squarely. At present, the fundamentals of China's economic development are good, the indicators of economic operation are generally within expectations, the ability of enterprises to resist risks is gradually enhanced, and there is still much room for macro-control policies, which meets the general requirements of striving for progress while maintaining stability. From the development stage, China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities, industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization are further promoted, and the economic development momentum is huge and the potential is huge. We should further enhance our sense of responsibility.
Striving for progress in three stabilities.
To achieve the goal of economic stability and progress, we must comprehensively and accurately grasp the current economic situation in China. This is the basis for unifying understanding, defining tasks and doing well the current and next economic work. In today's economic environment, the task is arduous and time waits for no one. All localities and departments should effectively unify their thoughts and actions with the central government's analysis, judgment and work deployment, take scientific development as the theme, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode as the main line, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, put steady growth in a more important position, take expanding domestic demand as the strategic basis, take the development of the real economy as the solid foundation, take accelerating reform and innovation as the powerful driving force, and take safeguarding and improving people's livelihood as the fundamental purpose, and make overall plans for the present and long term. Pay more attention to broaden the growth space, improve the quality of growth, stimulate the vitality of development, enjoy the fruits of development, solve problems in economic and social development, promote steady and rapid economic development, maintain social harmony and stability, and strive to achieve the expected goals of economic and social development. Gradually reduce the growth rate of money and credit, create conditions for stabilizing the overall price level, fully consider the impact of complex changes at home and abroad on the production and operation of enterprises and the real economy, as well as the lag and cumulative effect of policies, and enhance the pertinence, flexibility and predictability of policies. On the other hand, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between maintaining stable and rapid economic development, adjusting economic structure and managing inflation expectations, and find a "balance point" between controlling prices, stabilizing growth and adjusting structure, so as to reduce the price increase without causing large fluctuations in economic growth. At the same time, in view of the prominent contradictions in economic operation, effective measures are taken to consolidate the good momentum of economic and social development.