However, the results of model calculation also show that the global average warming 1.0℃-3.5℃ is unevenly distributed around the world, but there is no or almost no warming in equatorial and tropical areas, and the warming is mainly concentrated in high latitudes, with the amount reaching 6℃-8℃ or even more. This will cause another serious consequence, that is, the ice sheets at the poles and Greenland will melt, causing sea levels to rise. The permafrost zone of the high-latitude continent in the northern hemisphere will also melt or thin, resulting in a large area of swamp. In addition, the volume expansion of seawater after ocean warming will also lead to sea level rise. In the first assessment report of IPCC, it is predicted that the sea level will rise by 70- 150 cm (corresponding temperature rise 1.5℃-4.5℃), and in the second assessment report, it will be 20% lower than the first assessment result (corresponding temperature rise 1.0℃-3.5℃). The IPCC's second assessment report also pointed out that the global sea level has risen by10-25cm since the end of 19, because the global average temperature has risen by 0.3℃-0.6℃.
The rise of global sea level will directly flood the coastal lowlands with dense population and developed industry and agriculture, with very serious consequences. 1995165438+1At the second Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Berlin in October, 44 small island countries formed the Alliance of Small Island States and called for the right to exist.
In addition, it is pointed out that the increase of CO2 will not only lead to global warming, but also lead to the adjustment of global atmospheric circulation and the expansion of climatic zones to the polar regions. The precipitation in mid-latitude areas, including northern China, will decrease, and evaporation will increase as the temperature rises, so the climate will become drier. The adjustment of atmospheric circulation, in addition to mid-latitude drought, may also cause climate anomalies and disasters in other parts of the world. For example, the intensity of typhoons at low latitudes will increase, and the source of typhoons will expand northward. Rising temperature will also cause and aggravate the epidemic of infectious diseases. Take malaria as an example. In the past five years, the incidence of malaria in the world has quadrupled. At present, about 500 million people in the world suffer from malaria every year, and more than 2 million of them die.
However, the greenhouse effect is not all bad. Because the coldest high latitudes have the greatest warming, agricultural areas will be greatly promoted to the polar regions. The increase of CO2 is also beneficial to the photosynthesis of plants and directly increases the yield of organic matter. It is also pointed out that in the historical period of China and the world, the warm period is mostly a prosperous period with more precipitation and shrinking arid areas, and so on.
Of course, there are also different views on the issue of atmospheric greenhouse effect. For example, some scientists used to think that the current numerical model is immature and the calculation results are too exaggerated; A rise of 0.3℃-0.6℃ in a hundred years is a normal climate change, which cannot be proved to be caused by the atmospheric greenhouse effect, and so on. Of course, this is a minority opinion.
However, the indisputable fact is that the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and the global temperature are increasing rapidly, and the increase of greenhouse gases will lead to global warming. If we wait until the problem is clearly perceived by human beings, it will often be difficult to reverse it, and it will be too late. Therefore, we must attach great importance to it now in order to take countermeasures to protect the atmospheric environment on which human beings depend.
Greenhouse effect: refers to the heat insulation effect caused by the lack of heat exchange with the outside world in a closed space for transmitting sunlight, that is, the short-wave radiation of the sun can penetrate into the ground through the atmosphere, but the long and short radiation released after the ground warms is absorbed by substances such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thus producing the effect of atmospheric warming. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is like a thick layer of glass, which makes the earth a big greenhouse. It is estimated that if there is no atmosphere, the average surface temperature will drop to -23℃, while the actual average surface temperature is 15℃, which means that the greenhouse effect will increase the surface temperature by 38℃.
Abstract: The greenhouse effect will lead to a series of unimaginable consequences. Only reducing CO2 emissions is the most fundamental solution.
Greenhouse effect, ozone, air conditioning, acid rain, etc. -A series of air pollution terms have accompanied us to set foot on this new land in the 2 1 century. They move around us, attracting our attention and hindering our actions. Among these new terms, the most striking is the greenhouse effect. Because it is a double-edged sword, CO2, once called "the smartest gas" by human beings, has also become "rebellious".
With the maturity of various monitoring technologies, human beings have a more comprehensive and profound understanding of the greenhouse effect. The so-called greenhouse effect, in short, is global warming. This is a common name for the role of the atmosphere in keeping the earth warm. For example, it is freezing in winter. If we build a glass greenhouse, the fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse will be full of vitality. The reason is that the glass can not only let the solar radiation enter the greenhouse through the glass, but also prevent the indoor heat from radiating to the outside, so the greenhouse is always kept at a constant temperature. In fact, today's earth has also become a big greenhouse. What can play a "glass role" is carbon dioxide, methane, chlorofluorocarbons and other gases. These gases can make sunlight spray on the ground, heat the ground and make the earth warm. At the same time, it can absorb the long-wave radiation from the ground, and then return the heat to the ground through reverse radiation to raise the temperature of the earth. This phenomenon is very similar to the principle of greenhouse, so it is called "greenhouse effect".
Originally, the "greenhouse effect" was mild to human beings. It can help to adjust the temperature difference so that the ground temperature will not be too high or too low, which is extremely beneficial to agricultural production, but today's "greenhouse effect" is not the original "smart child". It has occupied itself and is attacking mankind.
Due to the "greenhouse effect", the sea water warms and expands, the sea level rises by 0.2-0.4 meters, and glaciers melt, leading to flooding in some island countries. Take Antarctica as an example, it has a huge water cover with a thickness of more than 2,000 meters, and 90% of the world's ice and snow are concentrated here. Now that the weather is getting warmer and the Antarctic glaciers are melting faster, the sea level will naturally rise. Now many plains, deltas and coastal lowlands have become Wang Yang Zeguo. Many experts point out that the famous "El Nino" phenomenon is caused by global warming.
The consequences of the "greenhouse effect" are extremely serious, and the chief culprit of the "greenhouse effect" is "carbon dioxide".
As we all know, there are three main sources of carbon dioxide in nature: decomposition of decomposers, respiration of animals and plants, and combustion of fossil fuels. Among them, the burning of fossil fuels is the main source of carbon dioxide, and it is our responsibility to control the burning of fossil fuels. After the industrial revolution, especially at the end of the 20th century, with the continuous development of industries in various countries, carbon dioxide emissions are scattered. Take China as an example. 1997, China's carbon dioxide emissions accounted for 13.6% of global carbon dioxide emissions, second only to the United States.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing, and scientists have different opinions. Some scientists believe that high concentration of carbon dioxide will stimulate the growth of plants, which will undoubtedly bring good news to mankind. However, the consequences of a recent study published in the American journal Nature will definitely surprise them, and at the same time, it will also inform the world. Several botanists from Duke University in the United States have come to the conclusion that high-concentration carbon dioxide will only be absorbed and utilized by plants in a short time, but for a long time, the content of carbon dioxide will not change much and will remain at a certain level. This conclusion was reached through their experiments on two groups of forests. They continuously released gases with carbon dioxide concentrations of 560 ug, G- 1 cug and G- 1 in the first group of forests to simulate the concentration level after 60 years. In the second group of forests, the normal level of carbon dioxide is maintained, that is, the concentration is about 365ug, g- 1. In the first two years of the experiment, the trees in the first group of forests increased obviously under the action of high concentration of carbon dioxide, and the growth rate was about 25% faster than that in the second group of forests. But after two years, the growth rate decreased rapidly in a short time, and finally it was basically the same as that of the second group forest.
Since the greenhouse effect has caused such great harm, the surge in carbon dioxide emissions is the chief culprit of the "greenhouse effect". Therefore, effective control of carbon dioxide emissions should be a common concern of mankind today. 1On September 30th, 1997, 1500 scientists from 60 countries and regions, including 98 Nobel Prize winners, attended the "Society for Advanced Science on Climate Change" held in the United States. The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to develop clean and green new energy sources to replace coal-fired oil that is easy to emit carbon dioxide. Such as increasing the development of solar energy, using wind energy to generate electricity on a large scale, and tidal energy to generate electricity. These are all effective ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
In addition, extensive afforestation around the world makes green plants absorb a lot of carbon dioxide under photosynthesis, thus weakening the conditions of greenhouse effect. Some experts have also suggested that using "environmental protection coal" for scientific treatment of coal, China will make use of sulfur dioxide and sulfur dioxide emitted during its combustion process to turn waste into treasure and combine them into new and useful things. The experiment liquefied the carbon dioxide produced by burning fossil fuels and injected it into the cracks in the rocks on the seabed, which pushed these "culprits" of global warming into the cold palace on the seabed.
In a word, we believe that in the near future, with the continuous progress of science and technology, human beings will be able to effectively control the trend of global warming and make the climate orderly in four seasons.
This is a typical example of the "greenhouse effect" bringing disaster to mankind. Therefore, we must effectively control the increase of carbon dioxide content, control population growth, use fuel scientifically, strengthen afforestation, green the earth, and prevent global disasters caused by the greenhouse effect.