Abstract: Children's view is people's basic understanding and attitude towards children, and it is an important factor that directly affects the purpose, method and result of educational activities. However, different times, different periods and different countries have different views on children. In a certain view of children, it is inevitable that some people do not understand human nature, that is, children's nature.
Keywords: children's view; The concept of education; Creativity; independence
There are many different views on human nature in Chinese and foreign history, such as Xunzi's? Malignant theory? Augustine in medieval education? Original sin theory? And then what? Abstinence theory? It's all based on the evil of human nature. Everyone is guilty, even the baby is guilty. Think of the child as? Lamb of God? Ignoring the subjective existence of children themselves, the object of education becomes a passive object. It can be seen that teachers' correct views on children and education are the premise of cultivating children's creativity. Then, what kind of views on children and education should teachers have?
First, teachers should have a correct view of children and education.
1. Teachers must establish the concept of developing children's creative potential.
As a pioneer of children's creative education in China, Mr. Tao Xingzhi once shouted:? Everyone is a creator. ? He pointed out that creation is the precious wealth of ancestors and the essence of human talent, and children are born with human creative potential. In an environment suitable for the development of creativity, their creativity can sprout, blossom and bear fruit. Teachers should understand these creative expressions of children, so as to guide the development of their creativity.
2. Teachers should establish the concept of liberating children's creativity.
Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a great educator in China, put forward the idea of liberating children's eyes, brain, hands, mouth, time and space. Six liberation? In fact, it is to liberate children's creativity. But today, we still have various factors that restrict the development of children's creativity, such as? Teachers' center, parents' center, preschool education, characteristic classes in primary schools, characteristic parks? There are too many controls, too many indoctrination and demands, and children's subjectivity cannot be brought into play. How can this be conducive to the development of children's creativity? Therefore, to liberate children's creativity, teachers must establish a correct view of children and education and understand the general characteristics of children's creativity. It is found that children's creativity is characterized by strong curiosity, thirst for knowledge, rich imagination, novel and unique opinions and practices, like being different, good at expression, exploratory spirit, keen observation, flexible thinking and strong divergent thinking. Therefore, the teacher should return the game to the children and let them create and develop in the game.
3. Teachers should establish the concept of correctly understanding children's independence and subjectivity.
Teachers need to study and study the theory of creative education, establish the concept and consciousness of cultivating children's creativity, and reflect and correct their improper educational behavior. Mr. Tao Xingzhi's theory of children's creative education, the theoretical and practical achievements of creative education in primary and secondary schools, and the basic theory of creation are all helpful for teachers to form the concept of pre-school creative education. Every child has independent tendencies and independent requirements, such as respecting children's different views in different activities and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Teachers attach importance to children's independence and initiative, which is the premise and foundation for cultivating and developing children's creativity.
4. Teachers must establish the concept of cultivating children's divergent thinking ability.
Diffusion thinking is the core of human thinking and an open thinking. In the process of thinking about problems, it gives full play to people's imagination, radiates from one point to different angles, produces a lot of different ideas, and looks for newer solutions to problems. Therefore, according to the characteristics of children's physical and mental development, teachers should adopt lively teaching forms and methods to stimulate and mobilize children's enthusiasm and initiative in learning, develop children's diffuse thinking ability, and cultivate children's spirit and ability of exploration, discovery and creation.
Second, teachers must attach importance to cultivating children's creative development.
Children's creativity needs to be cultivated in time to develop. 2 ~ 6 years old is a critical period for the development of creativity. If it is not cultivated in time, it will be difficult to stimulate creativity in later life. It can be seen that the educators' thoughts are consistent. Zhang Heng counted the stars, Robin wrote poems, Cao Chong called elephants, Newton built his own windmills, Edison hatched eggs, and so on. These outstanding creative geniuses, ancient and modern, at home and abroad, showed their unique creativity in their childhood. These facts also show that childhood is a critical period for the development of creativity. However, without creative environment and correct educational guidance, creative? Little prodigy? You can't grow up to be a great inventor. Edison's case is the most typical one. Creative education is a systematic project, and its starting point must be the embryonic stage of creativity. Therefore, preschool education must shoulder the mission of cultivating children's creativity, become the igniter of children's exploration desire, and become the supporter, collaborator and guide of children's exploration activities. Cultivate children's creativity, mainly through the following two aspects:
1. Create a good environment and cultivate children's creativity.
Everyone is a natural creator and has potential creativity, but only through the acquired environment and careful education can children's creative potential grow. This requires teachers to provide creative material environment for children through various channels. As the saying goes:? You can't make a silk purse out of sow's ears. ? The development of creativity is inseparable from the material basis of survival and development. Therefore, the creation of physical environment is an important factor that cannot be ignored. Beautiful activity room, colorful toys and books are the source of children's imagination; Scientific discovery room, natural corner and various regional activities are the best places for children to show their creativity; All kinds of bottles and cans, large and small cartons and colorful plastic materials are all strong stimuli to children's creative desire; Let the environment speak and let the materials move, which is the best embodiment of children's creation.
2. Creative education needs to be infiltrated in one-day activities.
The implementation of pre-school creative education is not to break away from traditional education, but to infiltrate the concept and behavior of creative education into one-day activities in kindergartens. People's creativity is a comprehensive quality, and only through various activities can children's creativity be developed. Children's creativity is manifested in activities, and children's activities can be classified from different angles. Here, children's activities are divided into four levels, namely: action activities, communication activities, cognitive activities and practical activities.
In short, children's creative ability can only be implemented and developed if teachers establish a correct view of children and education and pay attention to training in daily educational activities. 2 1 century is the century of creation, and all kinds of education take the development of creative education and the cultivation of creative talents as their strategic tasks. With a high sense of mission and responsibility, combined with the characteristics of early childhood education, we attach importance to discovering and cherishing the creative sparks of young children in various activities and become the enlightener, guide and promoter of their creative development.
References:
[1] Wang. The view of students facing 2 1 century. Courses? Textbooks? Teaching method, 1998( 10).
[2] Yuan Ailing. On the curriculum of preschool creative education. Beijing Normal University Press, 200 1-0 1.
[3] Yuan Ailing. The implementation of preschool creative education must grasp its integrity. Journal of South China Normal University: Social Science Edition, 200 1( 1).
Note: This article is funded by the Research Fund of Ningxia Normal University.