Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - Graduation thesis - Shale brick paper
Shale brick paper
The purpose of establishing a mining development base is to rationally distribute the development of mineral resources according to the plan, strengthen comprehensive development, improve the quality and efficiency of industrial operation, and form the industrialization of secondary utilization of new minerals and "three wastes" resources through the integration of exploration, mining, smelting and processing of metallic and nonmetallic minerals and coal and electricity, so as to fully utilize and effectively protect resources. The long-term planning will form a mining pattern with 7 development and processing bases in Xin 'an, Luoyi, Songluan, Rusong, Yichuan, Yanshi and Suburb as the center and radiating 66 development zones.

I Xin 'an Coal, Electricity and Aluminum Development and Processing Base

While ensuring the steady growth of coal output, the base will increase the development of bauxite, silica ore, clay, refractory clay, cement limestone and dolomite, and make full use of its convenient transportation, abundant water resources and certain advantages in power development, such as being located in the junction of central and western economic development zones, and increasing the intensity of mineral processing. Take the newly-built large-scale aluminum mine product processing base as the leader and electric power development as the link to develop the comprehensive development and processing base of coal, aluminum, refractory clay, silica and advanced ceramics. The base has nine planning areas, with an annual output of 3.4 million tons of raw coal, 2,654.38 million tons of bauxite, 400,000 tons of siliceous raw materials and 400,000 tons of siliceous raw materials during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. From 2005 to 20 15, the output was 3 million tons of raw coal, 2,654.38 million tons of bauxite, 400,000 tons of siliceous raw materials, 654.38 million tons of refractory clay, 654.38 million tons of dolomite and 2,654.38 million tons of marl. The deep-processed products are 300,000 tons of alumina, 6,543,800 tons of electrolytic aluminum, 6,543,800 tons of cement, 550,000 tons of metallic gallium, 65,438,500 million pieces of Si-Al-Mg refractory bricks, 70,000,000 tons of Quetta, 65,438,020,000 pieces of advanced ceramics and 6,543,800,000 tons of silica. Aluminum salt chemical products are 654.38+100000 tons, and thermal power is 65.438+02 billion kilowatts, making full use of the market outside the region to produce metallic sodium, with an annual output of 2500 tons.

Two, Luoyi precious metals, building materials and mineral development and processing base.

The base is located at the junction of Yiyang, Luoning and Songxian counties. This area is rich in gold, granite and cement limestone resources, and has a certain industrial base.

Focus on the development of the base: relying on the timely expansion of large gold mining and dressing enterprises in Shanggong and Zhiyugou, accelerate the implementation of the reconstruction and expansion project of Yiyang Gold Smelter; In order to control the regional environment, save land, improve quality and reduce energy consumption, on the basis of ensuring moderate growth of production, accelerate the improvement of processing level; Promote the construction of pit hydropower plant. It is planned to complete the transformation of ditch industry by 20 15, with an annual utilization of 654.38+million tons of coal gangue, saving 25 mu of land and an annual output of 600,000 tons of cement. Only Yugou, Shanggong large-scale gold development base and Jijiawa medium-sized mining base have been formed, and the supporting Yiyang gold smelter has been operating normally, with an annual output of 62,600 tons of finished gold. With an annual output of 620,000 square meters of granite plates and 400,000 tons of vermiculite minerals for various purposes, it is a coal-electricity cogeneration project. The annual output of Kengkou Power Plant is 672 million kilowatts, with an annual output value exceeding 65.438+0.5 billion yuan. Planning area of the base 16.

Three, Songluan nonferrous metals and precious metals development base

The base is rich in non-ferrous and non-metallic resources, but the transportation is inconvenient because it is located in Luanchuan mountain area. Although there is a certain foundation of processing industry, it still cannot meet the needs of mining development, and most of them are primary products, and a large amount of freight expenses make the enterprise's efficiency low. The guiding ideology of establishing the secondary development base is: on the basis of fully and comprehensively utilizing resources, taking economy as the link, reorganizing the product structure across industries, fully embodying the complementary advantages among industries, maximizing the product chain, producing finished products or semi-finished products, and realizing the local appreciation of mineral products.

Key points of base planning: On the basis of gradually expanding the mining scale of nonferrous metals and pyrite and improving its comprehensive recovery rate, some tailings will be recycled for the second time. By the mid-1920s, more than 80% of mineral products in the base will be processed on the spot. 1. Molybdenum: the annual output of molybdenum processed products such as ferromolybdenum, molybdenum powder, molybdenum plates and molybdenum plugs is 8,300 tons, and the processing plant is transformed to recover industrial rhenium 140 kg and dilute sulfuric acid15,700 tons (75%) from the waste gas; 2. Lead and zinc: On the basis of lead and zinc smelting, we will further expand the variety and output of a series of high-end products such as active zinc oxide, and use its by-product sulfuric acid to produce zinc sulfate, with an annual output of 80,000 tons of copper, lead, zinc and zinc bars. , a total of more than 3000 tons of active zinc oxide was deeply processed, and 250,000 tons of sulfuric acid was by-product; 3. Copper: The existing 1200 tons/year is smelted and processed on the spot, with an annual output of 270 tons of electrolytic copper; 4. Pyrite: The key to the full and reasonable development and utilization of pyrite resources lies in deep processing. Through the processing and comprehensive utilization of the retained resources, the product structure can be adjusted for other high-value new products. It is planned to build 6,543,800 tons of sulfuric acid plant and 6,543,800 tons of sulfur plant in the 1920s to promote the comprehensive development and utilization of pyrite, and expand the titanium dioxide plant to 5,000 tons/year (annual acid consumption is 25,000 tons). The remaining dilute sulfuric acid and industrial sulfuric acid can meet the needs of 654.38+10,000 tons/year potassium-magnesium fertilizer production in the base and fluoride salt production projects in surrounding industrial bases; 5. Gold: Increase the construction of gold mining bases in southern Luanchuan and Songxian counties, with Niutougou and Tantou large-scale gold mines as the leader, achieving an annual gold output of 207,000. In addition, the comprehensive development and utilization of wollastonite, garnet and diopside can provide 510.6 million tons of raw materials for various purposes, which not only has good economic benefits, but also has good social benefits, and the environment has been treated, which also fills the raw material gap of some mineral processing projects in our city. Planning area of this area 14.

Four, Rusong nonmetallic mineral development and processing base

The base includes the east of yi river in Songxian County and Ruyang River Basin. The development focus of the base is to rely on rich non-metallic resources and increase comprehensive processing. Firstly, a series of fillers are processed by using illite and kaolin resources; Secondly, using fluorite resources to process cryolite; The third is to process potassium-magnesium fertilizer by using potassium-bearing clay rock or potassium-bearing rock. In addition, considering the regional layout, the development and processing of cement marl and lead and zinc are appropriately expanded, and the 10 planning area is set up, with three processing projects.

Five, Yichuan energy, building materials and mineral development and processing base

Yichuan mining development base is rich in nonmetallic minerals such as basalt, Carboniferous high calcium limestone (Cao: 65.4%) and Cambrian clay shale, and the traditional nonmetallic building materials cement industrial base has begun to take shape. The development direction of the base is: first, based on basalt mining and processing, increase the support of cement production process transformation and highway construction; Second, accelerate the research and industrialization of lightweight building materials projects; The third is to actively develop the industrial application of superfine calcium carbonate technology (nano-calcium carbonate) for high calcium coatings, and the fourth is to increase the development of coal mines and electric power. The base has seven planning areas.

Six, Yanshi energy and mineral development and processing base

The development direction of Yanshi mining development and processing base is coal development; The second is the development of coalbed methane; Third, thermal power development and fly ash utilization. The base has eight planning areas.

Seven, suburban geothermal, mineral water development and processing base

One of the bases is to use the glass raw materials from various bases in our city and concentrate them on the suburbs for comprehensive processing to form a series of glass products. Second, make rational use of geothermal and mineral water resources and develop green energy and mineral water industry. There are two planning areas in this area.

Chapter V Development of Mining Science and Technology and Development of Geological Tourism Resources

Section 2 Development of Mining Science and Technology

Strengthening the development of mining science and technology is an important means and key link to realize the effective protection and rational development and utilization of mineral resources. Actively carrying out key research and tackling key problems in mining science and technology and accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements can continuously improve the scientific and technological level of mineral resources protection, development and utilization, improve the utilization rate of resources, reduce environmental pollution and destruction, strengthen technical reserves, ensure the development potential of mining economy, and realize the coordinated development between man and nature.

First, formulate the basic principles of mining science and technology development projects

1, which is beneficial to the effective protection of mineral resources;

2. It is conducive to strengthening the utilization level of mineral resources and reducing losses and waste;

3. Strengthen the research on comprehensive recovery and utilization of primary and associated mineral resources;

4. Pay attention to the study of metallogenic regularity of key minerals;

5. It is conducive to adjusting the industrial structure and strengthening the research on the development and utilization of emerging minerals and non-metallic minerals;

6. Attach importance to geological environment protection and realize sustainable development of mining economy;

7. Highlight key points, implement them step by step, pay attention to actual results, and improve social and economic benefits.

Two, mining technology development projects and research focus and direction

The 18 mining science and technology project has been formulated in this plan, including comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, comprehensive utilization of "three wastes" resources, development and utilization of new nonmetallic minerals, coordinated development of mineral resources development and utilization with the environment, prevention and control of geological disasters, advanced mining technology, prospecting prospects and prospecting theories, etc. According to the urgent needs and present situation of Luoyang's national economic development, these projects are divided into time periods, and the main contents and objectives of the projects are basically defined. Some projects can be implemented in combination with public geological survey and evaluation.

Study on 1, Luanchuan tungsten and molybdenum and other comprehensive recovery processes in beneficial elements

Luanchuan molybdenum deposit in Henan Province is one of the largest molybdenum deposits in China. The ore contains 38 kinds of beneficial elements, such as copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, scandium, magnesium, rare earth, phosphorus and sulfur. Besides the main ore molybdenum, the content of tungsten, cobalt, rare earth and sulfur is also high, which can be comprehensively recycled. At present, in the development and utilization of this mine, these beneficial associated elements are not reasonably utilized due to backward technology, of which only W loses nearly 1000 tons per year, and other unrecovered beneficial elements loses more than 20 million yuan per year. Therefore, it is necessary to study the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tungsten and other beneficial elements in molybdenum mines.

This study focuses on the comprehensive recovery of tungsten and rhenium, and strives to achieve the recovery rate of tungsten above 75% and rhenium above 60% on the premise of achieving the recovery rate of molybdenum of 90-95%. Through research, a set of practical, economical and reasonable comprehensive recovery technology is put forward, and the time is arranged in 200 1-2002.

2. Study on comprehensive utilization of bauxite resources in Luoyang.

Luoyang is rich in bauxite resources, ranking first in Henan Province. * * * The proven reserves of A+B+C+D are 289 million tons, accounting for nearly three-quarters of the total reserves in the province, and the existing reserves are 269 million tons, which is one of the main dominant minerals in Luoyang. The associated metal gallium in bauxite is 4 175 tons with a potential economic value of 7.5 billion yuan, which has not been effectively recovered for a long time, resulting in a certain degree of resource waste. The main goal of this study is to realize the comprehensive utilization of associated metal gallium, and the time is arranged from 200 1 to 2002.

3. Study on the development and utilization of potassium fertilizer by using potassium-bearing rocks.

There are potassium-bearing rocks in Songxian, Luanchuan, Ruyang, Yanshi, Yichuan and Yiyang in Luoyang. There are mainly pegmatite, porphyry, potassium-bearing alkaline rock and potassium-bearing clay rock. Among them, the K2O content of alkaline pyroxene syenite invading Xiong 'er Group is the highest, generally as high as11.4-13.2%, which has great resource potential and has the conditions for development and utilization. Due to the shortage of potash resources in China, the mineral raw materials for preparing potash fertilizer must be replaced by potash-bearing rocks. Due to the wide application of potash fertilizer in agricultural production, there is a great market demand for potash fertilizer. In this study, it is planned to extract active potassium from potassium-bearing rocks by thermal method and activation method to produce agricultural mineral potassium fertilizer, and finally provide an economical and feasible production process, and the time is arranged in 200 1-2003.

4. Study on the development and utilization technology of illite in Songxian county.

Luoyang illite is rich in mineral resources and has broad prospects for development and utilization. Illite is widely used in industry, such as papermaking, cosmetics, rubber, coatings and so on. However, due to the complex composition and low whiteness of Luoyang illite, there is still a big gap in direct industrial production. This research project focuses on the purification and bleaching of illite, mainly on process mineralogy and mineral processing technology, and finally puts forward that the technology is reliable. The process is feasible, economical and reasonable. The recovery rate of illite minerals is over 80%, the crystal grade of illite is over 90%, and the whiteness of illite is over 85%. The schedule is 200 1-2003.

5. Research on mineral development and application of new lightweight building materials.

There are many kinds of light building materials in Luoyang with considerable reserves, such as ceramsite shale in Ruyang and Yanshi, basalt pumice in Ruyang and vermiculite in Zhangwu, Yiyang, which can all be used to produce light building materials. But it is not mature in the collective production industry at present. This project is to study the application direction and utilization mode of these light building materials minerals, mainly researching and producing sound insulation boards, ceilings, fire-proof decorative materials, concrete fillers for high-rise buildings, etc. Through research, the economic and feasible production technology is put forward, and the time is arranged in 2002-2004.

6. Research and popularization of cyanide-free gold extraction technology

A considerable part of the existing gold in Luoyang is extracted by cyanide. Although the technology is simple and mature, the wastewater, waste gas and waste residue produced in production contain highly toxic cyanide, which has serious environmental pollution and many potential safety hazards in production. Therefore, it is necessary to study non-toxic gold extraction technology in gold beneficiation. This project mainly uses some mature technologies to develop cyanide substitutes to reduce and eliminate environmental pollution in gold production without reducing the recovery rate of mineral processing. At the same time, the promotion of cyanide-free gold extraction technology will be strengthened, and the pollution-free treatment facilities and gold mines with serious environmental pollution will be forced to be promoted in 2002-2004.

7. Distribution law and development and utilization of geothermal resources in Luoyang City

At present, geothermal energy is widely exploited and utilized all over the country, especially in some central cities. Geothermal energy is widely developed and utilized because it will hardly cause any damage to the environment when used, and geothermal resources can be used for a long time, which improves the energy structure and is conducive to the sustainable development of social economy.

Luoyang is rich in geothermal resources, and geothermal hot springs are distributed in the southwest-south-southeast direction of Luoyang. At present, it is being developed and utilized, and Luoyang basin has the formation conditions and structural conditions for forming geothermal water. The main purpose of this research project is to study the distribution law and feasibility of development and utilization of geothermal resources in the suburbs of Luoyang, with a view to improving the heating conditions and environmental conditions in Luoyang through the development and utilization of geothermal resources. The timetable is from 200 1 to 2003.

8. The tailings, smelting slag and other wastes of Luoyang concentrator and smelter contain a lot of precious metals such as gold, silver, arsenic and palladium, and most of them are built by some small self-employed households in the south at low prices. Indigenous refining not only wastes resources but also pollutes the environment. This project not only aims at this problem, but also tests a reasonable precious metal extraction process. The recovery rate of main useful components such as gold, silver, arsenic and palladium is required. , should reach more than 90%, production waste gas pollution to the environment should be greatly reduced. The technological process provided should be economical and reasonable, practical in industrial production, and meet the requirements of establishing small and medium-sized factories. The time is set in 2002-2003.

9. Feasibility study of plant-microorganism combined gold mining technology

The gold processing industry in Luoyang has developed rapidly in recent years, with the gold production capacity of 1998 and the annual ore processing capacity of1600,000 tons, resulting in nearly1000,000 tons of tailings. While mining the main ore body, some low-grade ores and surrounding rocks are discarded as slungshot, and these tailings and waste residues accumulate on the surface for a long time, causing waste and pollution. Therefore, the combined plant-microorganism gold mining process can fully and effectively recover gold resources, improve and beautify the environment, and gradually increase the organic content in tailings and waste residue, so that it is gradually suitable for the growth of various plants and lays a good foundation for reclamation in vast mountainous areas. In China, this technology has just started, and some achievements have been made in the experimental research of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and Zhejiang University. In this study, the technological process of industrial application was finally put forward, and the time was arranged in 2002-2005.

10, Study on Geological Hazards and Prevention in Longmen Scenic Area, Luoyang

Longmen Grottoes, one of the three largest grottoes in China, is a world-famous scenic spot. Now the world historical and cultural heritage is being declared, so it is necessary to study and protect it in many aspects.

The whole Longmen Grottoes were excavated at the end of Cambrian limestone, and the hardness and weathering resistance of altered rocks are relatively weak, and various structural cracks in the rocks are relatively developed, so there is the possibility of various geological disasters to some extent. This study will study the possible geological disasters in Longmen Scenic Area. Through a comprehensive and in-depth investigation of the address characteristics of the scenic spot, the formation model of address disasters will be established, and preventive measures for geological disasters will be formulated to effectively protect Longmen Grottoes from geological disasters. The project is scheduled to be completed from 200/KLOC-0 to 2003.

1 1, promotion of advanced mining and mineral processing technology and equipment.

Luoyang's mining economy is relatively developed, with more than 0.5 million mining enterprises/kloc-0. However, most of them lack advanced mining technology and production equipment, and the level of development and utilization of mineral resources is not high, and the efficiency of resource utilization is low. The main task and purpose of this project is to popularize and apply domestic advanced mining technology and equipment in all mining enterprises, improve the level of development and utilization of mineral resources, reduce environmental pollution and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.

12, popularization of comprehensive utilization technology of coal gangue and fly ash

There are many thermal power plants in Luoyang, which emit nearly 6.5438+0.3 million tons of coal ash every year, and the cumulative emission has reached tens of millions of tons; In the process of coal mining, the other side lost a lot of coal gangue. These wastes occupy a lot of land, which seriously pollutes the environment and is also a waste of resources. This project mainly uses mature coal gangue and fly ash to produce building bricks and cement batching technology, which is popularized in Luoyang City and finds a reasonable way out for fly ash in various power plants in Luoyang City. The schedule is from 2002 to 2006.

Study on comprehensive application of 13 and silica

Silica refers to mineral resources with silica content above 90%, such as Yingshi and quartzite. Luoyang is rich in such mineral resources, distributed in Xin 'an, Yichuan, Yanshi and other places. At present, the proven reserves reach 1250 10000 tons. The development and utilization of silica minerals in Luoyang city has a long history, mainly producing quartz sand through rough machining and as an important raw material for making cellophane, but there is no technical breakthrough in other uses of silica. The research on properties is mainly to purify silicon dioxide by magnetic and chemical methods, develop high-purity silicon powder, and develop silicon dioxide filler products on this basis. The time schedule is 200 1-2005.

14, Study on Comprehensive Utilization of Mine Environment in Luoyang City

In recent years, Luoyang's mining economy has developed rapidly, and the amount of mineral resources exploitation has gradually increased. Along with this process, there have also been serious environmental pollution and destruction. At present, a large amount of waste residue and tailings produced in production naturally accumulate on the surface, which often leads to mudslides when encountering floods. The collapse accident of Qiyugou tailings pond in Songxian County is a typical masterpiece, which often causes serious environmental pollution and poses a great threat to the safety of life and property. The purpose of this research project is to comprehensively treat a large number of mine waste residues and tailings, and to find an effective way for the coordinated development of mineral resources development and utilization and the environment. The time is arranged in 2004-2006.

15, Feasibility Study on Development and Utilization of Low-grade Metal Minerals in Luoyang City

Luoyang is a resource-based city, rich in mineral resources, but less rich and more poor. While mining rich minerals, most of the low-grade minerals that are difficult to be effectively utilized under the current social and economic conditions are discarded as waste residue, which can be fully utilized by the resource department. For example, in gold mines, the utilization rate of ores with a grade above 3g /t is relatively high at present, but the utilization rate of ores with a grade below 3g /t or even below 1 g /t is very low, and the reserves of low-grade ores are much larger than those of high-grade ores, so the utilization of gold resources is very complementary. In view of these problems, this project will carry out special research, put forward practical, economical and reasonable development and utilization plans, and improve the utilization rate of mineral resources, and the time is set in 2005.

16, Study on Development and Utilization of Coalbed Methane in Luoyang City

According to the forecast of authoritative departments, the prospective reserves of coalbed methane in Luoyang's four major coalfields are: 568810.20 million cubic meters,10.0605410.000 cubic meters,10.49965438. According to its calorific value, every 250 cubic meters of methane (the main component of coalbed methane) can be regarded as one ton of standard coal. Considering that the average methane content of coalbed methane is 90%, it can be calculated that coalbed methane is 36810.5 million tons, with an economic value of 32 billion yuan. The proven coal seam resources in the above coalfields are about1584.66 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 57.05 million tons of standard coal, with an economic value of 4.58 billion yuan. The development and utilization prospect of coalbed methane is extremely broad, with low cost, convenient transportation and use, and reduced environmental pollution. This project will study this and put forward a feasibility study report. The timetable is from 2006 to 2008.

17 agricultural geochemical research

Luoyang is an agricultural city, and different high-quality agricultural special products are distributed in various counties (cities). In order to popularize these fine varieties in the city, in addition to considering climatic conditions and natural geographical conditions, it is necessary to conduct in-depth investigation and study on the geochemical characteristics of their native soil to create conditions for the popularization of fine varieties. This project mainly studies the geochemical characteristics of some excellent agricultural products in the land market (including soil structure, structure, main mineral components, main chemical components, trace elements and the combination law between various elements), provides a geochemical environment suitable for the growth of such plants, and provides a basis for soil improvement in areas with poor soil conditions. The time is scheduled for 2006-2008.

18 and study on metallogenic regularity and resource prediction of mid-deep gold deposits in Xiong' ershan area

The gold mining industry in Luoyang has developed rapidly in recent years, but the current level of resource protection is not high, so it is difficult to ensure long-term stable development. It is estimated that the unique reserves can only meet the production of existing enterprises for about 15 years, while the surface and shallow layers have been basically identified, making it more difficult to find minerals on the surface. In order to meet the development needs of gold enterprises, it is necessary to provide resource reserves through deep prospecting. Xiongershan area is the main gold mineralization area in Luoyang. This project mainly studies the metallogenic regularity of concealed gold deposits in the transformation area, determines the deep prospecting target area, predicts the distribution of gold resources, and provides theoretical basis for future gold mineralization. The timetable is 20 10 to 20 12.