Mei Lanfang (1894- 196 1), whose real name is Lan, is also known as Zihuahua and Huanhua, the owner of Yuxuan, with a stage name. Taizhou, Jiangsu, 1894 was born in Beijing. He was born in a Beijing opera family. 10 years old, performing "Fairy Couple" in Guanghe Building, Beijing. Hua Dan, 1908, 19 1 held Peking Opera actor selection activities in all walks of life in Beijing. 19 13 performed in Shanghai for the first time, and performed such plays as Colorful Houses, Yutangchun and Woodcut Zhai. AtNo. Dangui 1 at the Daxin intersection of Sima Road. When he first came to Shanghai, he became popular in Jiangnan. At that time, there was a saying circulating in the alley: "Please be like Mei Lanfang and have a son like Zhou." He absorbed the improved elements of Shanghai civilized opera, such as new stage, lighting, makeup and costume design. After returning to Beijing, he created a new fashion drama "Rough Sea". The following year, he came to Shanghai again, and performed such famous works as Five Flowers Cave, True and False Pan Jinlian and Drunken Lady, and sang for 34 days.

After returning to Beijing, Mei Lanfang continued to rehearse the new plays "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon", "Spring fragrance makes snow" and "Dai Yu buries flowers". 19 16 came to Shanghai for the third time and sang for 45 days. 19 18 and then moved to Shanghai, which was the pinnacle of his dramatic art, and he performed on the Tianchan stage many times. Combining the performances of Tsing Yi, Hua Dan and Beijing Opera blues, it created a mellow and beautiful singing voice and formed a unique Mei school. 19 15 years, Mei Lanfang rehearsed a large number of new plays, and made unique artistic innovations in singing, chanting, dancing, music, clothing and other aspects of Beijing opera, and was called the master of Mei School.

1965438+In April 2009, Mei Lanfang went to Japan to perform Scattered Flowers at the invitation of Imperial Theatre in Tokyo, Japan.

Plays such as Hosta. Return to China in a month. 192 1 The new drama Farewell My Concubine was edited and performed. 1922 presided over Chenghua Society.

During 1927, Shuntian Times held the first China actress selection. Mei Lanfang, with her profound foundation, mellow voice and beautiful appearance, is also known as the four famous Peking Opera artists with Cheng, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng.

1In the spring of 930, Mei Lanfang led a delegation to the United States and performed Peking Opera in new york, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles and other cities, which was a great success. The newspaper commented that China's plays are not realistic, but artistic, a disciplined performance method and more profound than real life. During this period, he was awarded a doctorate in literature by Pomona University and the University of Southern California.

193 1 After the September 18th Incident, Mei Lanfang moved to Shanghai, staying at Cangzhou Hotel first, and then moved to Mas South Road 12 1. He rehearsed plays such as Anti-Nomads, Life and Death Hate, and promoted patriotism. 1935 led a delegation to perform in the Soviet Union and Europe and visit foreign dramas. Among Peking Opera artists, Mei Lanfang visited China the most and received the most foreign artists. He introduced the performing arts of Chinese Peking Opera and the humble and simple qualities of artists to people all over the world, so people called him the cultural messenger of Chinese Peking Opera from 1920s to 1950s.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese Puppet tried to buy people's hearts with Mei Lanfang to decorate Taiping, but was refused several times. Considering that she could not stay in Shanghai for a long time, Mei Lanfang 1938 went to Hong Kong. He performed Liang Hongyu and other plays in Hongkong, which inspired people's fighting spirit. 194 1 After the fall of Hong Kong, he arranged for his two children to study in the rear area. 1942 returned to Shanghai.

After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mei Lanfang returned to Shanghai and often performed Kunqu Opera. 1948 filmed the color film "Life and Death Hate", which is the first color opera film in China. After the liberation of Shanghai,1June, 949, he was invited to Beiping to attend the first National Congress of Literary and Art Workers and was elected as the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. /kloc-returned to Beijing to settle down in 0/950 and served as the president of Peking Opera Research Institute of the Ministry of Culture; 195 1 year as president of China opera research institute; 1952 President of China Peking Opera Theatre, and was elected as a deputy to the National People's Congress. 1955 filmed Mei Lanfang's stage art, including his representative works in various periods, such as Cosmic Front and Broken Bridge, as well as his life fragments and drama fragments, such as "Spring Fragments Noisy Garden", which were performed in factories and stages. 1956 He led a delegation of Chinese Peking Opera to perform in Japan. June 1959 performed "Mu Shuai Shuai" in Beijing as a gift program for the 10th anniversary of the National Day. 196 1 passed away in Beijing on August 8th. He is the author of Collected Works of Mei Lanfang, Selected Plays of Mei Lanfang and Forty Years of Stage Life. Representative plays include Drunk Maid-in-waiting, Goddess Scattered Flowers, Cosmic Front, Fishing and Killing Family, etc. , has trained and taught more than 65,438,000 students.