Model essay on industrial robot technology 1: on the application of industrial robots in industrial production
Industrial robot is a multi-joint manipulator or multi-degree-of-freedom robot facing the industrial field. Industrial robot is a machine device that automatically performs work, and it relies on its own power and control ability to realize various functions. It can accept human orders or run according to pre-programmed programs. Modern industrial robots can also act according to the principle program formulated by artificial intelligence technology. This paper discusses the application of industrial robots in industrial production.
Keywords: industrial robot application industry
1 Introduction
Industrial robots were first used in automobile manufacturing, and are often used for welding, painting, loading and unloading and handling. Industrial robots extend and expand the functions of human hands, feet and brain, and can replace people in dangerous, harmful, toxic, low temperature and high heat environments. Replace people to complete heavy and monotonous repetitive work, improve labor productivity and ensure product quality. Industrial robot, CNC machining center, automatic handling trolley and automatic inspection system can form flexible manufacturing system and computer integrated manufacturing system to realize production automation.
2 main applications of industrial robots
(1) Bad working environment and dangerous work Some operations in the military and nuclear fields are harmful to human health, life-threatening, or operations with great unsafe factors are not suitable for people to do, so industrial robots are the most suitable. For example, the inspection and maintenance robot of nuclear power plant equipment and the automatic refueling device of boiling water reactor in nuclear industry.
(2) Special operation occasions and extreme operations, such as volcano exploration, deep-sea exploration and space exploration, are beyond human power, and only robots can carry out operations. For example, the manipulator used to recover satellites on the space shuttle; Remote control marine robot for seabed mining and salvage.
(3) In the field of automatic production, early industrial robots were mainly used for machine tools, blanking, spot welding and painting. The most widely used manufacturing industries include motor manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, plastic molding, general machinery manufacturing and metal processing. With the emergence of flexible automation, robots play an increasingly important role in the field of automated production. The following mainly introduces the application of industrial robots in the field of automatic production.
2. 1 welding robot
Spot welding robot industrial robot is first applied to spot welding of automobiles, and spot welding robot is widely used to weld body sheet parts. Generally, it takes about 3000 ~ 4000 welding spots to assemble and weld an automobile body, 60% of which are completed by spot welding robots. On some Volkswagen production lines, the number of spot welding robots in service is as high as 150.
The main performance requirements of spot welding robot are: small installation area and large workpiece space; Quickly complete multi-point positioning with small spacing; High positioning accuracy (0. 25mm soil) ensures welding quality; Take the weight (490 ~ 980 N) to carry the electrode holder with built-in transformer; Teaching is simple and saves working hours.
2.2 arc welding robot
Arc welding robot is used in the welding process of continuous metal bonding, and most of them can automatically feed wire, melt electrode and weld under the protection of gas. Arc welding robot has a wide range of applications, in addition to the automobile industry, in general machinery, metal structure and many other industries. The arc welding robot should be a welding system including all kinds of welding accessories, not just a single machine with a welding torch moving at a planned speed and posture. As shown in figure 1, it is the basic composition of arc welding robot. Arc welding methods suitable for robot applications mainly include inert gas shielded welding, mixed gas shielded welding, submerged arc welding and plasma arc welding.
1- robot control cabinet 2- welding power supply 3- gas cylinder 4- gas flowmeter 5- gas path 6- welding wire wheel 7- flexible conduit 8- arc welding robot 9- wire feeding robot 10- welding gun 1- workpiece cable 12- welding cable1.
Figure 1 Basic composition of arc welding robot system
The main performance requirements of arc welding robot: in arc welding operation, the welding gun is required to track the weld bead movement of the workpiece and continuously fill the metal to form the weld bead. Therefore, velocity stability and trajectory are two important indexes in the process of movement. Generally, the welding speed is about 5 ~ 50 mm/s, and the trajectory accuracy is about 0.2 ~ 0.5)mm；; Because the attitude of the welding torch also has a certain influence on the weld quality, it is hoped that the adjustable range of the welding torch attitude will be as large as possible while tracking the weld. In addition, there are some other performance requirements, including: setting welding conditions (current, voltage, speed, etc. ), jitter function, groove filling function, abnormal welding detection function (arc breaking, workpiece melting), welding sensor interface function (initial solder joint detection, bead tracking).
2.3 painting robot
Spraying robots are widely used in spraying automobile bodies, household appliances and various plastic products. The painting robot has the following characteristics in the use environment and action requirements:
(1) The air in the working environment contains explosive spray paint vapor;
(2) Moving at high speed along the track, all the passing points are working points;
(3) Most painted parts are transported on the conveyor belt and painted while moving. As shown in Figure 2, it is an articulated painting robot.
2.4 handling robots
With the development of computer integrated manufacturing technology, logistics technology and automatic warehousing technology, handling robots are more and more widely used in modern manufacturing industry. Robots can be used for loading, unloading, storage and transportation of materials and auxiliary measuring tools in the process of parts processing, and can be used for conveying parts from one conveying device to another, or removing processed parts from one machine tool and installing them on another machine tool.
2.5 assembly robot
Assembly plays a very important role in modern industrial production. Relevant statistics show that assembly labor accounts for 50% ~ 60% of product production labor, and in some cases, the proportion is even higher. For example, chip assembly and circuit board production in an electronic device factory account for 70% ~ 80% of the production labor. Therefore, it is very important to realize automatic assembly with robots.
2.6 Robot Flexible Assembly System
When did robots officially enter the field of assembly work? The first year of robot popularization? 1980 or so, robots that attract assembly work were mainly used to replace manual work on the assembly line in the early days, and then the assembly line with robots as the main body soon appeared. The application of assembly robot has greatly promoted the progress of assembly automation. The flexible automatic assembly system established by the assembly robot can automatically assemble small and medium-sized products, such as motors, water pump gearboxes and so on. It is especially suitable for small and medium-sized batch production, and can realize the functions of automatic loading and unloading, transmission, inspection, assembly, monitoring, judgment and decision-making.
Robot flexible assembly system is usually centered on the robot, and there are many peripheral devices, such as parts supply device, workpiece conveying device, fixture, applicator and so on. And there are always interchangeable hands. But if there are too many kinds of parts, the whole system will be too large and the efficiency will be reduced, which is not desirable. In the robot flexible assembly system, the number of robots can be selected according to the output, while the peripheral equipment such as parts supply device depends on the type and operation of parts. Therefore, compared with the assembly line, the less output, the greater the investment of robot flexible assembly system.
3 Conclusion
Industrial robot is a system technology based on mechanical, electronic, computer and automatic control technology. It can also be said that it is a knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive and multidisciplinary high-tech. With the progress and development of these related disciplines, industrial robot technology will develop and improve rapidly.
Model essay II on industrial robot technology: "Discussion on the development trend of industrial robots"
With the development of social economy, robots have been widely used in all walks of life to do some complicated and heavy physical labor for workers. At present, robots are typical representatives of manufacturing and automation equipment. Will they be artificial machines? Ultimate? Version. Its application has involved many disciplines and fields such as informationization, automation, intelligence, sensors and knowledge, and it is the best integration of high-tech achievements in China and even the world. Therefore, its development is closely related to the development of many disciplines. According to the current development trend, the application scope of industrial robots is more and more extensive, and at the same time, the technical operation is becoming more and more standardized, which improves the safety of industrial robots. On the other hand, industrial robots are becoming smaller and more intelligent, and they are more and more widely used in human life.
Keywords: industrial robot intelligent application field security
With the complex needs of society, the application fields of industrial robots are more and more extensive. On the one hand, industrial robots are widely used in industrial production, replacing workers' dangerous, complicated and monotonous long-term operations, such as machining, die casting, plastic products molding and metal products industries, and also in high-risk departments such as atomic energy industry, and have been widely used in developed countries. On the other hand, industrial robots are also widely used in other fields. With the rapid development of science and technology, the use performance and safety performance of industrial robots have been continuously improved, and the application scope has become more and more extensive, breaking through the industry, especially the medical industry.
First, the development of industrial robots.
The first generation robots generally refer to programmable robots and remote control manipulators widely used in industry. The programmable robot can perform some simple and repetitive operations according to the program compiled by the operator. Every step of the remote control operation mechanism depends on the operator. 1982, general motors of the United States equipped the robot with a vision system on the assembly line, thus announcing the emergence of the second generation robot, the perceptual robot. This generation of robots with external sensors can be programmed offline. With the support of the perception system, it has different degrees of perception environment and the function of correcting the program itself. The third generation robot is an autonomous robot, and all countries are developing it. It not only has the perception function, but also has certain decision-making and planning ability. Can make decisions and plan actions according to people's orders or according to their own environment, that is, program according to tasks.
China's robot research started late, from? Seven or five? At the beginning, the state invested funds to tackle key problems of industrial machines and their parts, and completed the development and research of complete sets of technology for teaching and reproducing industrial robots. From 65438 to 0986, the national high-tech research and development plan was implemented, and the theme of intelligent robots followed the forefront of robot technology in the world. After several years of research, a lot of scientific research results have been achieved and a number of special robots have been successfully developed.
China's industrial robots started in the early 1970s. After more than 30 years of development, they have gone through three stages: the embryonic stage in the 1970s, the development stage in the 1980s and the application stage in the 1990s.
The 1970s was a milestone in the development of science and technology in the world: man landed on the moon and achieved a soft landing of Venus and Mars. China has also launched an artificial satellite. The application of industrial robots in the world has set off a climax, especially in Japan, which has supplemented the increasingly scarce labor force. Under this background, China began to develop its own industrial robot in 1972.
After entering the 1980s, under the impact of high-tech wave, with the deepening of reform and opening up, the development and research of robot technology in China has been valued and supported by the government. ? Seven or five? During this period, the state invested funds to tackle key problems of industrial robots and their parts, completed the development of complete sets of technology for teaching and reproducing industrial robots, and developed spraying, spot welding, arc welding and handling robots. From 65438 to 0986, the national high-tech research and development plan (863 plan) was implemented, and the theme of intelligent robots followed the forefront of robot technology in the world. After several years of research, a lot of scientific research results have been achieved and a number of special robots have been successfully developed.
Since the early 1990s, China's national economy has entered a period of realizing two fundamental changes, which has set off a new wave of economic system reform and technological progress. China's industrial robots have taken another big step in practice. They have successively developed industrial robots with various purposes such as spot welding, arc welding, assembly, painting, cutting, handling, packaging and palletizing, implemented a number of robot application projects, and formed a number of robot industrialization bases, laying the foundation for the rapid development of China's robot industry.
China industrial robots passed by? Seven or five? Research plan, Ninth Five-Year Plan? With the support of the key research plan and the 863 plan, great progress has been made, and the industrial robot market is becoming more and more mature, and it is applied in all walks of life.
The key points of industrial robot technology development in China in the future are: first, robots working in dangerous and harsh environments: mainly robots such as riot control, high-voltage live cleaning, planet exploration, oil and gas pipelines; Second, medical robots: mainly including brain surgery-assisted robots, remote surgery-assisted orthopedics, etc. Third, bionic robots: mainly mobile robots, network remote control operation robots, etc. Its development trend is intelligence, low cost, high reliability and easy integration.
Second, the development trend of industrial robots
Robot is a typical representative of advanced manufacturing technology and automation equipment. Is it a manual machine? Ultimate? Form. It involves many disciplines and fields such as machinery, electronics, automatic control, computer, artificial intelligence, sensors, communication and network. It is a comprehensive integration of various high-tech development achievements, so its development is closely related to the development of many disciplines. The development trend of industrial robots today is as follows: First, the performance of industrial robots is constantly improving (high speed, high precision, high reliability, easy operation and easy maintenance), while the price of a single machine is constantly decreasing. Second, the mechanical structure is developing in the direction of modularization and reconfiguration. For example, the servo motor, reducer and detection system in the joint module are integrated into one; The robot is composed of joint module and link module. Thirdly, the industrial robot control system is developing to an open controller based on PC, which is convenient for standardization and networking. With the improvement of equipment integration, the control cabinet is getting smaller and smaller, and the modular structure is adopted, which greatly improves the reliability, operability and maintainability of the system. Fourthly, sensors in robots are playing an increasingly important role. In addition to the traditional sensors such as position, speed and acceleration, the fusion technology of vision, force, sound and touch has matured in the production system. Fifth, robotic machinery began to rise. 1994 developed in the United States? Virtual axis machine tool? Since then, this new device has become one of the hot spots in international research, and many people have explored and developed its practical application fields.
The general trend is to change from the narrow concept of robot to the broad concept of robot technology, and to develop from the industrial robot industry to the robot technology industry of solution business. The connotation of robot technology has become an intelligent system with practical action function and flexible application of robot technology. The robot structure is becoming more and more dexterous, the control system is getting smaller and smaller, the intelligence is getting higher and higher, and it is developing towards integration.
Third, the challenges and prospects for the development of industrial robots in China
China's industrial base is weak, and the development of industrial robots has been in the initial stage. Although China has been developing industrial robots since 1970s, its technical strength is insufficient, and the technology of western countries is blocked. Therefore, there are many problems in the development process. Broken down, there are the following points:
First of all, the manufacturing capacity of basic parts in China is poor. Although China has a certain foundation in related parts and components, there is a big gap between China and foreign countries in terms of quality, comprehensive product types and batch supply. Especially, the gap between high-performance AC servo motor and precision reducer is obvious, which leads to the import of key components and affects the price competitiveness of robots in China.
Second, robots in China have not yet formed their own brands. Although a number of enterprises have been engaged in the development of robots, they have not formed a large scale and lack brand recognition in the market. In the robot market, they have been facing the pressure of foreign robot brands. Foreign robots, as a mature industry, reduced the price of the whole machine to attract domestic enterprises to buy, but gradually occupied the China market under the subsequent high maintenance cost strategy.
Third, there is a lack of awareness and policies to encourage industrial robot products. The manufacturing and application level of industrial robots represents the manufacturing level of a country. We must understand the importance of developing China's industrial robot industry from a national perspective, which is an important means and way for China to transform from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing power. □
References:
[1] Ren Jun. Research on robot-aided automatic surface polishing system for rapid prototyping. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2006.
Zhong Xinhua, Cai Zixing, Zou Xiaobing. Design of mobile robot motion control system and research on control algorithm. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), S 1, 2004.
Zhang Zhongying. Neural network control system of robot based on genetic algorithm. Taiyuan University of Technology, 2005.
Li Lei, Ye Tao, Tan Min, Chen Xijun. Research status and future of mobile robot technology. Robotics, May 2002.
Du Yuhong, Li Xiuren. Design of pneumatic handling manipulator for assembly unit of production line. Hydraulic and pneumatic, 2006, May.
Paula Tsui. Research on real-time control of robot based on serial communication technology. Nanjing Forestry University, 2005.
Model essay 3 on industrial robot technology: on electromechanical integration of industrial robots
1 application status of mechatronics technology
1. 1 industrial robot.
The emergence of industrial robots can replace human labor to some extent. Industrial robots are an ideal choice for workplaces with high radiation, high noise pollution and high concentration of harmful gases. The development of industrial robots has gone through three stages. The first generation of industrial robots have a low degree of intelligence, and can only perform simple repetitive actions through preset programs, which cannot cope with the ever-changing working environment and jobs. With the development of science and technology, on the basis of the first generation of robots, through the application of various sensors, environmental information can be obtained, analyzed and processed and fed back to the action unit, so as to carry out some adaptive work. Although this kind of robot is not intelligent, it has been successfully applied in some specific fields. Today, the electromechanical integration technology is relatively mature, and the intelligence level of the third generation robot has been greatly improved. It can collect information and data through powerful sensing elements, and make judgments similar to those of human brain according to the actual situation, so it can work independently in various environments, but its cost is high, which limits its practical application to some extent.
1.2 distributed control system.
Compared with centralized control system, decentralized control system controls and directs multiple computers responsible for field measurement and control through a central computer. Because of its powerful function and safety, it has become the mainstream technology of large electromechanical integration system at present. According to the actual situation, the distributed control system can be divided into two levels, three levels or above, and the central computer completes the real-time monitoring, management and operation control of the on-site production process. At the same time, with the continuous development and innovation of measurement and control technology, distributed control system can also realize real-time scheduling, online optimization, statistical management and other functions of production planning, and become an integrated system integrating measurement, control and management, with rich functions, high reliability, convenient operation and low cost.
2 development trend of mechatronics technology
2. 1 artificial intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is to make industrial robots or CNC machine tools simulate the intelligence of human brain, so that they can have certain reasoning, judgment, logical thinking and independent decision-making ability in the production process, which can greatly improve the automation degree of industrial production process, and even achieve real unattended, which is of great significance for reducing labor costs and improving machining accuracy and work efficiency. At present, artificial intelligence is not just a concept, so it is foreseeable that mechatronics technology will develop in the direction of artificial intelligence. Although it is impossible for robots or CNC machine tools to fully possess human thinking mode and intellectual characteristics at the current level of science and technology, it is entirely possible for these mechatronics devices to have some human functions through advanced technology in industrial production.
2.2 networking.
The development of network technology provides convenient conditions for remote monitoring and control of mechatronics equipment. Therefore, combining network technology with mechatronics technology will be the focus of the development of mechatronics technology. In the production process, operators need to walk back and forth in the workshop, master the state of the equipment and operate the operation panel of the machine tool. By establishing the communication protocol between the mechatronics equipment and the control terminal, and transmitting information and data through optical fiber and other media, remote monitoring and operation can be realized, and the labor of workers can be reduced. Theoretically, the realization of various control system functions is based on network technology.
2.3 Environmental protection.
In recent decades, although the economy has developed rapidly and people's living standards have improved significantly, the development mode at the expense of resources and environment has seriously polluted the environment on which human beings depend. Therefore, in today's sustainable development strategy, the development of any technology should be based on environmental friendliness, otherwise there will be no future, so environmental protection is the inevitable trend of electromechanical integration technology development. In the application process of mechatronics, through the efficient use of resources, the standard discharge or even zero discharge can be realized in the manufacturing process, and the products have no impact on the ecological environment during use, and can be effectively recycled even after being scrapped, which is the concrete embodiment of mechatronics technology and environmental protection, and meets the requirements of sustainable development.
2.4 modularization.
Because there are many manufacturers of mechatronics equipment, modularization will be a very promising research direction in order to reduce the cost of system upgrade and provide convenience for maintenance. Through the modular transformation of functional units, when functions need to be added or changed, corresponding functional modules can be directly assembled or replaced. Even if there is a fault, only the damaged module needs to be replaced. The work efficiency is extremely high, and the enhancement of universality saves a lot of costs for enterprises.
2.5 bring your own energy.
Electromechanical integration needs high power. If there is not enough power supply, it will affect production efficiency and even lead to data loss due to power failure. Therefore, the equipment can always maintain sufficient power supply through its own power energy system, making the system run more smoothly.
3 Conclusion
To sum up, the application of mechatronics technology can greatly improve the production efficiency and accuracy of products, and it has great technical advantages in current industrial production. It is believed that with the development of science and technology, the technical level of mechatronics will continue to improve and make greater contributions to industrial production.
Guess you like:
1 .2000 words of robot science papers in Grade Three.
2. Technical papers on industrial intelligence
3. Sensor technology demonstration paper
4.3000-word robot science and technology paper
5. 2000 words of scientific papers on intelligent robots in grade three.
6. Papers related to artificial intelligence robots