A deep understanding of the important points in the book is of fundamental significance to many phenomena in China society. However, with the development of the times, there are different views on whether some viewpoints meet the needs of today, and we can conduct in-depth discussions accordingly.
Second, related knowledge
1. About the author
Fei Xiaotong (19 10—2005), a famous sociologist, was born in Wujiang, Jiangsu. 1936 went to study in Britain, 1938 received a doctorate in philosophy from London University and returned to China in the same year. He has served as Professor of Yunnan University, Professor of The National SouthWest Associated University, Professor of Tsinghua University and Professor of Sociology of Peking University.
His major works include jiang village economy, Native China, Birth System, State and Society, and Rural Construction. Among them, Native China and Fertility System are representative works of theoretical research on China's traditional culture and rural social structure.
2. Writing background
The book "Native China" was compiled by Mr. Fei Xiaotong in the late 1940s according to the contents of the course handout of Rural Sociology he spoke. The main body of the book is *** 14. Standing in the 1940s, I learned about the local China, which was the grassroots society in China at that time.
3. Writing purpose
As Mr Fei Xiaotong said in the preface of the second edition, the reason why he wrote Native China is to study the characteristics of rural society in China with the help of the platform of "rural sociology".
Three. Content introduction
1. Main contents
China in the Country is a part of the Lectures on Rural Sociology written by Mr. Fei Xiaotong/KLOC-0 at the National Southwest Associated University and Yunnan University in the late 1940s, including 14 papers: rural nature, rural writing, rural rewriting, difference pattern, maintaining private morality, family, differences between men and women, and the rule of etiquette.
2. Introduction of each article
At the beginning of the first article "Locality", the reasons and characteristics of China's social localism were clarified. Based on the "rural nature" of China society, this paper discusses the "credit" contained in the "rural nature" of rural people and the agricultural basis for the development of rural society in China. More importantly, from a sociological point of view, gemeinschaft and the legal society are two different societies. Here, gemeinschaft refers to a society that is "familiar with people" and is local; The legal society is a "stranger" society and a "mechanical unity". Through the comparison between these two societies, we praised the "true colors" of the local society-simplicity.
The second chapter, writing to the countryside, explains the inherent limitations of writing language relative to the "special language" (including expressions and body movements) in rural society from the perspective of the generation and function of writing, so as to reflect on the practical operability and necessity of writing to the countryside.
The third article ...........
Fourthly, the design of reading instruction.
1. Please summarize the writing significance of this article on the basis of reading.
Hint: Native China by Mr. Fei Xiaotong is a book that analyzes the traditional grass-roots society in China by using the comparative research methods of sociology and cultural anthropology. Its purpose is to answer "What kind of society is the local society as a grassroots society in China?" . In the book, the author examines the whole society from a macro perspective, analyzes the overall structure of society, explains some phenomena or theories in simple terms with profound and vivid metaphors, deeply analyzes the traditional grass-roots society from multiple levels, puts forward a series of enlightening concepts and categories, and explains the causes and practical functions of these phenomena from the perspective of functionalism. It not only provides important theoretical resources for us to understand the structure and order of the whole traditional society in China, but also provides theoretical basis and reference for our literary creation and understanding of literary works, which is of great value.
2. What do you think is the most important writing feature after reading this book?
Metaphor is used many times in (1) text. For example, in the article "No Litigation", the metaphor of football match is used to illustrate the essence of etiquette and justice order; In the article "Graded Pattern", the group social pattern in western society is compared to bundles of firewood, and the graded pattern in China is compared to the ripples of a stone thrown on the water. These metaphors are vivid and concrete, which explain abstract concepts well.
(2) A large number of examples are given to strengthen the interpretation effect. For example, the river at the back door of Suzhou people is listed in the article "Differential Sequence Pattern". In the preface to Rites, it is mentioned that during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, his children had "false teeth" on their roots, and they couldn't find a doctor, so they invited the landlord's old lady. In the article "No Litigation", he was invited as a teacher to participate in a mediation meeting in the countryside, and the father and son had conflicts because of smoking opium. These real cases will make readers easier to understand and strengthen the explanation effect. As the saying goes, "Facts speak louder than words".