On service management

Abstract: The emergence of government stems from the achievement and authorization of the people's will, which determines the service of administrative management. 2 1 century, service will be the inevitable choice of administrative functions. Serving citizens, the country and the society will be the main objects of administrative services; Efficiency and benefit will be the value orientation of administrative services. In the primary stage of socialism, the standard of administrative service is based on whether it is conducive to developing socialist productive forces, increasing the comprehensive strength of the country and improving people's living standards. The final basis will be measured by the scale of "whether the people are satisfied".

Keywords: management, service, measures

2 1 century, it is necessary and inevitable for China government to choose its service-oriented functions. The government will strive to serve the citizens, the country and the society in an enterprise way, and consciously take "efficiency" and "benefit" as the internal scale of its service level, and "people's satisfaction and dissatisfaction" as the external scale.

First, service: the functional design of China administration in the 26th century.

Management is essentially service, and service naturally becomes the inevitable choice of government functions. In the 20th century, China government should also establish the administrative concept of "small government, big service" and redesign its functions.

1. Management is service management and the product of social development to a certain stage. Management and service are unified in essence. The development of social productive forces has divided social subjects and gradually formed mass organizations (including the state). There are serious conflicts of interest within and between organizations. In order to avoid unnecessary consumption, members of various organizations exchange the maximum benefits at the lowest cost, conclude contracts with each other, and transfer some rights to form public power, which is held by a few representatives elected by all members. A few people in power manage public affairs according to the requirements of the members of the organization and safeguard the interests of the organization and its members. At the same time, for the same reason, organizations have also signed a Covenant, giving organizations (national governments) above other organizations some power to manage the public affairs of the whole society and maintain social order, thus safeguarding the interests of the whole society. The essence of management is to serve the public interest by using the power given by the organization and its members. So, in essence, management is service.

2. Service is the inevitable choice of government functions. The government is the product of the contract between citizens, and it is essentially an organization that serves the interests of citizens and society. With the development of society, it is more and more detached from and above the society, but the nature of this service cannot be changed, only the service objects are different. The most fundamental function of the government is the service function. As one of many social organizations, the government also exists for social needs and social interests. Therefore, it must serve the development and progress of society and the growing material and cultural needs of society, not the other way around. Theoretically speaking, government administration is not only a simple management administration, but also an administration that provides services for the society and the public. Service is the primary function of the government. It is precisely because of this choice that the functions of modern western governments have been redesigned.

Since the 1970s, the administrative management in western countries has fallen into a crisis of trust, which has triggered the reform of international public management, requiring the repositioning and design of government functions. Through various explorations, western countries finally chose the service function, and realized the transformation from focusing on management and control of services and "government-centered" to focusing on public services and "focusing on meeting people's needs". China's administration is inseparable from the historical background and the particularity of the times of the development of international public administration, not to mention that the China government itself should "serve the people wholeheartedly". Therefore, it is necessary and inevitable to finally realize the directional choice of government functions.

3. Change the concept: "small government" and "big service" services have become the inevitable choice of government functions in theory and practice. However, our government is still accustomed to comprehensive intervention, emphasizing administrative management. First of all, our leaders and administrators at all levels and citizens themselves don't realize that the government is a service organ, and its function is to serve citizens, the country and the society. Our government is still accustomed to the "all-powerful" role, taking care of what should not be taken care of, and as a result, nothing can be taken care of well. Our enterprises, institutions and social organizations are also accustomed to the government's comprehensive intervention and administrative control, not only not fighting for their due rights, but also relying too much on the government. Citizens are even more "weak" and blindly expect the government to "be the master for the people". On the one hand, the subject of power is not aware of his own power, and naturally will not ask the government for anything; On the other hand, the government exercises its power to the maximum and ignores the power of the power subject. The transformation of modern government functions first requires the government to establish a new administrative concept, so that administrative management can serve the public interest from the system, system and operation mechanism. Secondly, it also requires changing the concept of the power subject, that is, knowing one's own power, fighting for one's own power, limiting the government's power, and actively asking the government to provide services, so as to finally realize the ideal pattern of "small government, big service".

Second, who should the government serve?

Since service is the inevitable choice of government functions, who should the government serve?

1. Serving citizens is understood from the perspective of politics: "contract theory" holds that the legitimacy of the government is based on the political contract between citizens and the government, and all the power of the government comes from the contract between citizens or the authorization between citizens and the government. The government should protect the public interests of all citizens, maintain a peaceful social order, be a loyal "slave" of citizens and "serve the people wholeheartedly". As we all know, government agencies themselves do not directly create social wealth. Their operations and activities are supported by taxes paid by citizens, and public officials are supported by taxpayers. Citizens are the "parents" of public officials. It is a matter of course for the government to serve citizens, reflect their wishes and work hard for their interests, rather than a unilateral "gift" from the government.

Economics, especially institutional economics and public choice theory, provides us with another understanding model. According to economic theory, the process of government management is the production process of public goods such as infrastructure, public safety, policies and laws. Citizens are consumers of public goods provided by the government. The purpose of the government is to meet the different needs of "consumers" and win the support of consumers by producing public goods and services with high efficiency and high quality as possible [1]. According to this understanding, the government should not only serve the citizens, but also provide the best possible service, otherwise it will be difficult to win the support of the public and thus lose the foundation of existence.

Although various theories are understood from different angles, they all prove the view that the government must serve the citizens.

2. Serving national administration is the product of national development. Through its own management activities, it plays and realizes the functions of the country and carries out the will of the country. It can't exist independently from the country. Any administrative activity is subordinate to the state and serves the ruling class. In essence, the administration serves the country, and the government carries out activities on behalf of the national interests.

Any country has a demand for security [2], which is manifested in both internal and external aspects. Domestic security means that the ruling class maintains and consolidates its rule, prevents the loss of political power and maintains domestic stability. In order to achieve internal security and maintain rule, on the one hand, the government should use violent tools on behalf of the state to force the ruled class to obey the will, laws and policies of the state and suppress the resistance of the ruled class. On the other hand, measures such as improving welfare are taken to coordinate and ease the contradiction with the people, protect internal security and stability, and serve the interests of the ruling class. External security is to ensure the sovereignty and territorial integrity of sovereign countries, not to be violated by other countries, and to safeguard the dignity of the country. The government represents the country and realizes this national security demand through diplomacy and war.

Under the internal and external security and stable political environment, the ruling class should also strive to develop its own economic, cultural, educational and scientific and technological undertakings in order to consolidate its economic foundation. The government serves the country's economic and cultural development by performing the management function of economic and social affairs. Of course, it is also the proper meaning of the government to serve the country and compete with other countries in economy, science and technology and comprehensive national strength.

3. The government's function of serving the society is not only mandatory, but also mandatory, which is determined by the relationship between the state and society. special

Under the control of society, the relationship between the state and society has been reversed, and the state is more and more above society, which has extraordinary control over society. Modern democratic society truly embodies the inherent meaning that society determines the country and the country operates according to the will of society. This relationship between state and society is reflected in the relationship between government and market, government and enterprises, political organizations and society, and state institutions and the public. In a word, it is the relationship between the superstructure and the economic base "[3], so the state should serve the society. The government performs this service function on behalf of the country, which is embodied in the government's service to the market, such as "cultivating the market system, formulating market rules, maintaining market order, carrying out macro-control and overcoming market defects"; Serve the enterprise, that is, "overall planning, mastering policies, information guidance, organization and coordination, inspection and supervision"; Serve social benign behaviors, such as environmental protection, pollution control, maintaining ecological balance, formulating legal systems, ensuring public safety, and safeguarding social fairness and justice; Serving citizens, such as providing public goods and protecting citizens' rights and interests.