As an excellent tour guide, you usually need to use tour guide words to help explain. Tour guide words are instructions written by tour guides for oral expression during the tour. How to write a good tour guide? The following are my carefully arranged guide words for Mawangdui, Hunan. Welcome to share.
Hunan Mawangdui Tour Guide 1 Dear friends,
Hello everyone! Welcome to Changsha Mawangdui Han Tomb Unearthed Cultural Relics Exhibition Hall. Here we explain it from three parts.
Preface (abbreviated), photos and models
Mawangdui Han Tomb is located in the original Mawangdui Township in the east of Changsha, about 4 kilometers away from the city center. The terrain here is flat, and there are two mounds on the ground. They are about the same size, standing on the ground, connected in the middle and shaped like saddles. According to legend, this is the graveyard of Ma Yin, king of Chu in the Five Dynasties, hence the name "Mawangdui". However, according to the records in Taiping Universe-Changsha County in the Northern Song Dynasty, this is the graveyard where Liu Fa, the king of Changsha, buried his mother and Tang in the early Western Han Dynasty, and the "double female tomb" in posthumous title. Whose tomb is Mawangdui, the magical tomb? It was an eternal mystery until it was discovered.
197 1 At the end of the year, 366 Hospital of Hunan Military Region decided to build an underground ward and warehouse here. In order to cooperate with the infrastructure, we conducted archaeological research on it and unveiled the mystery of this thousand-year-old magistrate.
(Model) Mawangdui Han Tomb Pit Model
Mawangdui has three tombs, which are numbered 1, No.2 and No.3 in the order of discovery. Among them, Tomb No.1 and Tomb No.2 are parallel in the east-west direction, and Tomb No.3 is on the south side of Tomb No.1. Tomb No.1 is a square tomb with a bucket pit below it, which is a typical form of tombs in the Western Han Dynasty. The length of the tomb mouth from north to south is 19 ~ 5 meters, and the width from east to west is 178 meters, and the depth from the soil is 20 ~ 5 meters. There are four steps down from the mouth of the tomb, and there is an inclined pyramid-shaped mound from the ground to the bottom of the tomb in the north of the tomb. More than 800 pieces of lacquerware, textiles, silk paintings and a well-preserved female corpse were unearthed in the tomb. The entrance and middle of Tomb No.2 are circular, and the bottom is square at 3 meters. Due to being stolen many times, the white paste was poorly sealed, and the whole tomb collapsed seriously, leaving only more than 200 cultural relics. Tomb No.3 has the same shape as Tomb No.1. Due to its good preservation, more than 0/000 pieces of silk books, silk paintings, bamboo slips, lacquer wood and textiles have been unearthed. Unfortunately, the tomb has rotted, leaving only the skeleton. After identification, the owner of the tomb is male, with a height of about 185 meters and an age of about 30 years.
Filling model of tomb no.1
The main reason why Tomb No.1 is so well preserved is that white gypsum mud with a thickness of 15cm was laid at the bottom of the tomb, charcoal with a thickness of about 0cm and a weight of more than 5,000 kg was filled at the top and around the coffin, and then 1 was placed outside the charcoal. 3-meter-thick plaster, and the fill on the plaster shall be tamped with rammer every half meter. The charcoal placed in the tomb mainly plays the role of moisture-proof and drying, and a small amount of water in the tomb can be adsorbed by it. The scientific name of white gypsum mud is microcrystalline kaolin, which is the raw material for porcelain making. It has strong anti-leakage and sealing characteristics. It was precisely because of this way of building tombs at that time, that is, deep burial and sealing, that the body, burial utensils and a large number of funerary objects of tombs were completely preserved.
Ji nian mu ju
There is a passage on this chronological wooden slip unearthed from Tomb No.3: "In February of the twelfth year, Jia Chengfen moved to Langzhong, the main Tibetan museum, and moved a collection of artifacts, and books came in droves to play the main Tibetan monarch." Translating this passage into modern Chinese means: "On the fifth day of February, the housekeeper tried to present the funerary objects and a list to the master of Tibetan medicine. After receiving the order, Master Zang Langzhong successively compared the objects-singing, reading and receiving, and finally played the results to Master Wang. " On this "pass" for the tomb owner to go to the underworld, there is a record of "February 12". According to textual research, it refers to February 24th of the 12th year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, that is, February 24th of BC 168, which is the exact date when the owner of Tomb No.3 was buried.
The first part enters Houyi's house.
"Li Cang" decree
After archaeological excavation, we found that Mawangdui was the graveyard of Tuoba family in the early Western Han Dynasty. Judging from the jade seals of "Li Cang", "Soft Hou Seal" (bronze seal) and "Changsha Prime Minister Seal" (bronze seal) unearthed from Tomb No.2, the owner of Tomb No.2 should be the first generation Hou and Changsha Prime Minister Li Cang. Born at the end of the war, he died in the second year of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 186). In his early years, Li Cang participated in the peasant uprising and the dispute between Chu and Han with Han ancestor Liu Bang, which made great contributions to the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty. At the beginning of Han Dynasty, he was promoted to the position of Prime Minister of Changsha, trying his best to consolidate the central political power and safeguard the great cause of ancestral reunification. According to Records of Historical Records and Hanshu, in April of the second year of Huidi (BC 193), he was once again named Tudor. F Society, a place name, is located between luoshan county and Guangshan County. There are 700 food cities here, which are not too big compared with thousands of families, such as Hou Ruchen and Sean. However, due to Li Cang's unique position in Changsha, his family enjoyed the splendor of the world before his death and was reburied after his death.
Seal of "My Heart Chases"
Li Cang's wife is buried in Tomb 1. According to the seal of "Princess Xin Zhui" unearthed in the tomb, her name is Xin Zhui. Although she was a marquise, she experienced the pain of losing her husband in her early years and her son in her later years. She died in her fifties about a year after Miao Wendi (BC 163). According to the image of Xin Zhui on the female corpse and T-shaped silk painting, we asked Xi 'an Superman Sculpture Research Institute to restore a wax figure of middle-aged Mrs. Tuoba, which reappeared the elegance of Xin Zhui.
Welcome to Mawangdui, Hunan! I am your tour guide. My last name is X. You can call me Xiao X. For your convenience, let me introduce myself first.
Mawangdui Han Tomb is in the courtyard of Hunan Provincial Museum. 1972 to 1974, excavated in Mawangdui Township near Liuyang River in the eastern suburb of Changsha. The female corpse unearthed from the No.1 Han Tomb is more than 2 100 years ago. The corpse is intact, moist, with some joints movable, and the soft tissue pedicle is still elastic, almost similar to a fresh corpse. It is not only different from mummies, but also different from corpse wax and peat tanning. It is a special kind of corpse, a miracle in antiseptic treatment, which shocked the world and attracted many scholars and tourists to visit. After the female corpse was dissected, the body and internal organs were displayed in a specially designed basement.
The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb is of great value to China's historical and scientific research, and its unearthed cultural relics are extremely precious. According to textual research, the silk book Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases unearthed from Tomb No.3 may be earlier than Huangdi Neijing (written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period), which records 52 diseases, mentions more than 100 diseases, and has more than 280 prescriptions and more than 240 drugs used. This is the earliest prescription that can be seen in China now. The discovery of 52 prescriptions for diseases supplements the medical contents before Neijing and is a very precious medical heritage.
More than 3,000 precious cultural relics have been unearthed from the three Han tombs in Mawangdui, most of which are well preserved. Among them, more than 500 pieces of various lacquerware are beautifully made, luxuriantly decorated and as bright as new. What is precious is a large number of silk fabrics in Tomb No.1, which are well protected. There are many varieties, such as silk, silk, silk, yarn, brocade and so on. There is a plain gauze Zen dress, as light as smoke and as thin as cicada wings. Length 1.28 meters, long sleeves, weighing only 49 grams. Its knitting skill is superb, which is really ingenious. The unearthed silk paintings are the earliest existing large-scale works in China that describe the real life at that time. There are also colorful figurines, musical instruments, weapons, seals, silk books and other treasures.
The painted lacquer coffin in the No.1 Han Tomb is as bright as new, and the top paint is painted with flowing water and animal monsters, with complex shape, vivid posture and high artistic level. A large number of silk books with 654.38+ 10,000 words unearthed from Tomb No.3 are rare historical documents. Silk books involve ancient philosophy, history and science and technology. After sorting, * * * has 28 kinds of books,120,000 words. There are also several books, most of which are lost. The topographic map unearthed from the No.2 Han Tomb is similar to the modern map in drawing technology and marking position. It has been exhibited in the United States, Japan, Poland and other countries and is highly praised as an "amazing discovery".
Mawangdui Han Tomb Site is located in the eastern suburb of Changsha, four kilometers away from the city center. It was named Mawangdui because it is said to be the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu. Among the three Han tombs, the second tomb belongs to Hou Licang, the prime minister of Changsha in the early Han Dynasty, the first tomb is the wife of Li Cang, and the third tomb is the son of Li Cang. Among the three tombs, Tomb No.1 is the largest, with a length of19.5m from north to south, a width of17.8m from east to west and a depth of16m. Now the No.1 and No.2 tombs have been filled in, the No.3 tomb has been reinforced and preserved, and a large-span ceiling has been built for people to visit.
Hou Licang, Prime Minister of Changsha in the Early Western Han Dynasty, and his family tombs. Located in the eastern suburb of Changsha City, Hunan Province. Changsha is the seat of Linxiang County, the capital of Changsha in Han Dynasty. This cemetery was misinformed as the cemetery of Ma Yin, the king of Chu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, so it was called Mawangdui. She was buried as the mother of Changsha and the "twin daughter" of Tang. Tomb 1 was excavated by Hunan Provincial Museum and Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences in 1972. At the beginning of 1973 to 1974, tombs No.2 and No.3 were excavated. Mawangdui No.1 Han Tomb in Changsha was published on 1973. According to historical records and Hanshu, Li Xiangcang died in Changsha in the second year of Emperor Huidi (BC 193). Three seals, namely "Prime Minister of Changsha", "Hou Yin of Chi" and "Li Cang", were found in Tomb No.2, indicating that the owner of the tomb was the first generation of Hou Li Cang himself. 1 A 50-year-old female corpse was found in the tomb, and the bone print of "Princess Xin Zhui" was found in the tomb. The owner of the tomb should be Li Cang's wife.
The body of the owner of Tomb No.3 belongs to a man in his thirties, which may be the tomb of Li Cang's son. The words "December, December, New Year's Eve" on a wooden slip unearthed from Tomb No.3 indicate that the tomb was in the 12th year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (BC 168). 1 Tomb broke the enclosure of Tomb No.2 and Tomb No.3, which should be later. The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb provides extremely important physical data for studying the development of handicraft industry and science and technology in the early Western Han Dynasty, as well as the historical culture and social life at that time.
Welcome to Mawangdui, Hunan! I am your tour guide. My last name is X. You can call me Xiao X. For your convenience, let me introduce myself first.
Located on the west bank of Liuyang River in the eastern suburb of Changsha, on the north side of Changliu Highway, about 4 kilometers away from the city center, it belongs to Mawangdui Township (formerly Dongtundu Township) in Furong District of Changsha City. It turned out to be a big mound raised on the flat ground of the river bend. According to local records, this is the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu in the Five Dynasties, and his family, hence the name Mawangdui. On the pile, there is a mound with prominent things, which is more than 20 meters apart. The top of the two tombs is flat and round, and the bottom is connected, which looks like a saddle, so some people call it a saddle pile.
According to the unearthed three seals of "Changsha Prime Minister", "Da Hou Yin" and "Li Cang", it is proved that it is the cemetery of Changsha Prime Minister Li Cang and his family in the early Han Dynasty. These three ancient tombs are huge in scale, with mound height of10m and diameter of about 30m. 1972-1974 were excavated one after another, and the tomb structure was very grand and complicated, among which the coffins of Tomb No.1 and Tomb No.3 were well preserved. According to the description of lacquerware, seal and seal, it is inferred that the first tomb is Li Cang's wife, the second tomb is Li Cang himself and the third tomb is Li Cang's son. The time between the three tombs is about 20 years. Tomb No.1 is 20 meters deep from the top of the tomb to the tomb.
The coffin chamber is built at the bottom of the tomb pit and consists of three coffins (outer coffins, middle coffins and inner coffins), three coffins (outer coffins, middle coffins and inner coffins) and skids. The wooden coffin is filled with charcoal around and above, with a thickness of 30-40 cm, which is about 10000 kg. The outside of charcoal is filled and sealed with white paste with a thickness of 60- 130 cm. A complete female corpse (Xin Zhui, wife of Li Cang) preserved for more than 265,438+000 years was unearthed in the coffin. The corpse is 154cm long, with complete appearance, moist and soft body, some hair remains, some joints are flexible, and many soft tissues are plump, soft and elastic. The internal organs of the found corpse remain intact and their relative positions are basically normal. This is the longest preserved wet corpse in the world.
Hello, everyone, I'm your tour guide Xiao Wang. First of all, welcome to Hunan Museum. Today we are going to visit Mawangdui Han Tomb.
Mawangdui Han Tomb is in the courtyard of Hunan Provincial Museum. 1972 to 1974, excavated in Mawangdui near Liuyang River in the eastern suburb of Changsha. The female corpse unearthed from No.1 Han Tomb is more than 2 100 years ago. The corpse is complete, moist, flexible in joints and elastic in soft tissues, almost similar to a fresh corpse. It is not only different from mummies, but also different from corpse wax and peat tanning. It is a special kind of corpse, a miracle in antiseptic treatment, which shocked the world and attracted many scholars and tourists to visit. After the female corpse was dissected, the body and internal organs were displayed in a specially designed basement.
The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb is of great value to China's historical and scientific research, and its unearthed cultural relics are extremely precious. According to textual research, the silk book Fifty-two Prescriptions for Diseases unearthed from Tomb No.3 may be earlier than Huangdi Neijing (written in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period), which records 52 diseases, mentions more than 100 diseases, and has more than 280 prescriptions and more than 240 drugs used. This is the earliest prescription that can be seen in China now. The discovery of 52 prescriptions for diseases supplements the medical contents before Neijing and is a very precious medical heritage.
More than 3,000 precious cultural relics have been unearthed from the three Han tombs in Mawangdui, most of which are well preserved. Among them, more than 500 pieces of various lacquerware are beautifully made, luxuriantly decorated and as bright as new. What is precious is a large number of silk fabrics in Tomb No.1, which are well protected. There are many varieties, such as silk, silk, silk, yarn, brocade and so on. There is a plain gauze Zen dress, as light as smoke and as thin as cicada wings. Length 1.28 meters, long sleeves, weighing only 49 grams. Its knitting skill is superb, which is really ingenious. The unearthed silk paintings are the earliest existing large-scale works in China that describe the real life at that time. There are also colorful figurines, musical instruments, weapons, seals, silk books and other treasures.
The painted lacquer coffin in the No.1 Han Tomb is as bright as new, and the top paint is painted with flowing water and animal monsters, with complex shape, vivid posture and high artistic level. A large number of silk books with 654.38+ 10,000 words unearthed from Tomb No.3 are rare historical documents. Silk books involve ancient philosophy, history and science and technology. After sorting, * * * has 28 kinds of books,120,000 words. There are also several books, most of which are lost. The topographic map unearthed from the No.2 Han Tomb is similar to the modern map in drawing technology and marking position. It has been exhibited in the United States, Japan, Poland and other countries and is highly praised as an "amazing discovery".
Mawangdui Han Tomb Site is located in the eastern suburb of Changsha, four kilometers away from the city center. It was named Mawangdui because it is said to be the graveyard of Ma Yin, the king of Chu. Among the three Han tombs, the second tomb belongs to Hou Licang, the prime minister of Changsha in the early Han Dynasty, the first tomb is the wife of Li Cang, and the third tomb is the son of Li Cang. Among the three tombs, Tomb No.1 is the largest, with a length of19.5m from north to south, a width of17.8m from east to west and a depth of16m. Now the No.1 and No.2 tombs have been filled in, the No.3 tomb has been reinforced and preserved, and a large-span ceiling has been built for people to visit.
Tomb of Changsha Prime Minister, Hou Licang and their families in the early Western Han Dynasty. Located in the eastern suburb of Changsha City, Hunan Province. Changsha is the seat of Linxiang County, the capital of Changsha in Han Dynasty. This cemetery was misinformed as the cemetery of Ma Yin, the king of Chu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, so it was called Mawangdui. She was buried as the mother of Changsha and the "twin daughter" of Tang. Tomb 1 was excavated by Hunan Provincial Museum and Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences in 1972. At the beginning of 1973 to 1974, tombs No.2 and No.3 were excavated. Mawangdui No.1 Han Tomb in Changsha was published on 1973. According to historical records and Hanshu, Li Xiangcang died in Changsha in the second year of Emperor Huidi (BC 193). The three seals of "Prime Minister of Changsha", "Hou" and "Li Cang" were found in Tomb No.2, indicating that the owner of the tomb was the first generation of Hou Licang himself. 1 A 50-year-old female corpse was found in the tomb, which was given the title of "Princess Xin Zhui". The owner of the tomb should be Li Cang's wife. The body of the owner of Tomb No.3 belongs to a man in his thirties, which may be the tomb of Li Cang's son. The words "December, December, New Year's Eve" on a wooden slip unearthed from Tomb No.3 indicate that the tomb was in the 12th year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (BC 168). 1 Tomb No.2 and No.3 were broken respectively, so the age should be later. The excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb provides extremely important physical data for studying the development of handicraft industry and science and technology in the early Western Han Dynasty, as well as the historical culture and social life at that time.
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