How to prepare composition effectively has become a problem that puzzles teachers and students. Besides doing some fragment training, writing the whole article as required is also a good way to write a good topic analysis.
The examination analysis mentioned here includes examination and conception. Accurate examination of questions is a key step in writing a good composition.
As the saying goes, "One careless move will lose the game." The purpose of the examination is to understand the topic "what to give, what to want" and to clarify the scope and framework of writing.
Intention refers to defining "how to write" on the basis of examining questions, which embodies the thoughts, feelings and values of candidates, which is of course the soul of the article. Examination analysis is to ask candidates to write their own examination, understanding, generalization, thinking, analysis and grasp of composition requirements in a very short time, that is to say, to write their own thinking process.
When writing a composition, these analyses will play an important role in outlining and restricting. So how to write a good composition analysis? I tried the six-step method of "reading-understanding-listing-choosing-mentioning-preparing".
The first is reading and understanding the material. Distinguish the types of materials, understand the connotation of materials, clarify the hierarchical structure of materials, and understand how many layers of meaning materials have.
Read the topic requirements and find out what the restrictions are. The second step is enlightenment, recognizing the center of matter.
Combine the previous reading, find out the core information and secondary information, and try to figure out the main intention of the questioner. The third is to list possible angles.
There is a saying in the composition requirements of the college entrance examination that "choose an angle to conceive the composition", which obviously means that the materials are of course more than just providing an angle. The fourth is to choose one of the angles.
Of course, I feel that I have the most thorough understanding, the most accurate analysis, the richest information at hand and the most confident perspective. The fifth is the training center.
Combined with the content of the material, from the point of view of your own choice, summarize the center to be expressed in concise and accurate language. The sixth is to prepare relevant materials.
Around the extracted center, actively search for available life-awakening materials-including life experience and reading experience-which can be personal experiences or sentiments, famous poems or celebrity cases, provided that they are closely related to the center. Using the above methods, we made a careful analysis of the composition questions in the mock exam of senior three in five cities of Henan Province in March 2009.
2 1. Read the following text and write an article of not less than 800 words as required. (60 points) ① Before the New Year, many students in Grade 2009 of Nanjing Foreign Languages School had received the admission notices from famous foreign schools, and many students got full or half scholarships.
(2) Among them, Liu Tian, a senior three (4) class, received the admission notices from Grinnell College in the United States, Insa University in France and Pacific University in Japan. ③ All-round development is the greatest feature of Liu Tianxiang.
④ Erhu Grade 10 certificate, 1500m long-distance running won the gold medal in the school sports meeting for four consecutive years, participated in provincial competitions on behalf of the school table tennis team for many times, was the host of the school art festival, was the best debater in the debate, and acted as an actor in the drama "Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin" ... ⑤ Perhaps what impressed the admissions officer more was that in a chemical experiment mentioned in the application materials, he accidentally dropped concentrated sulfuric acid on his pants. Ask to choose an angle to conceive the composition, and independently determine the conception, style and title; Don't deviate from the content of the material, don't copy it or copy it.
The first step is to read the hierarchy. The material * * * has five sentences.
The first sentence introduces the background information, and the second sentence says the result of the matter. The third sentence "All-round development is the greatest feature of Liu Tianxiang" is a core message of this material; The fourth sentence is a concrete explanation of the third sentence and belongs to subsidiary information.
The fifth sentence is another core message of the materials-Liu Tianxiang's persistence in the face of difficulties and his spirit of exploring science touched the admissions officer. The second step is enlightenment, enlightenment center.
The two most direct core messages of the material are: Liu Tianxiang is outstanding in all aspects and has developed in an all-round way; Liu Tianxiang has a persistent spirit of exploration. In addition, this material has an important indirect message: all the students admitted to Liu Tianxiang are famous foreign universities.
From this perspective, we can talk about the standards followed by foreign universities in selecting talents. The third step is to list and list the angles.
The material provides the following angles. From Liu Tianxiang's point of view: (1) To achieve something, you need tenacious will and persistent spirit; (2) People need a little persistent spirit of inquiry.
From the perspective of famous foreign universities: (3) All-round development is the direction of talent development; (4) Selection criteria (breaking the criteria of selecting and employing people based on the score theory) Step 4: Select people and choose angles. For example, from the perspective of choosing famous foreign universities to compete for admission to Liu Tianxiang.
The fifth step is to mention and refine the center. What kind of talents do universities need?
Step six, prepare, prepare materials. This paper analyzes the reasons why Liu Tianxiang was admitted to famous foreign universities, and draws the conclusion that universities need talents with all-round development, and universities need talents with exploration spirit more.
At the same time, universities select talents to serve the society, and the talents needed by universities are the talents needed by society. In today's fierce social competition, emphasizing a person's comprehensive quality requires talents with all-round development and inquiry spirit.
For example, (1) Einstein, known as "Newton of the 20th century", is famous for discovering the formula of mass and energy, but his achievements go far beyond this. Einstein played the violin so well that he even admitted that a lot of inspiration came from playing the violin.
Lev tolstoy, a famous Russian writer. Someone once joked with Tuo Weng, "What can you do besides writing novels?" Tuo Weng didn't say a word and stayed up all night when he got home.
The next day, he gave the man a pair of cowhide boots made by himself and proudly asked for two rubles. As the owner of a large manor, as we all know, Tuo Weng can afford and do every farm work.
(3) Mr. Jin Yong has made no achievements in poetry and Weiqi, so will martial arts novels be so wonderful? (4) kelly knox, born in London, England, was born with a disability and lost a forearm. She has developed an independent personality since she was a child, and everything is no different from normal people. Her persistence touched everyone.
2. How to examine the topic in writing is the first level of topic composition. The process of examining the topic is the process of understanding the meaning of the topic. Through thinking and analysis, we can understand the intention of the proposer, make clear the writing object, scope and focus, make clear the intention and determine the style. This paper introduces several problems that should be paid attention to when examining the composition-1,and the scope of examination. When we look at the topic, we must first examine the limitation of the topic, that is, the writing scope of the topic. What can't I write? If the topic is "cooperation", some students will interpret it as "division of labor", so they cannot accurately grasp the scope of writing. "Cooperation" is to cooperate with each other or accomplish something together, and "division of labor" is just one of the methods of "cooperation", which shows that the scope of "cooperation" is wider than that of "division of labor". You should also grasp its extended meaning: people and things that can play a communication role. You can write some bridges that play a communication role, such as the shape, structure, characteristics, structure and function of specific bridges. You can also write about the history and development of bridges, and you can also write about bridges of friendship, understanding, cooperation and communication. In this way, you can grasp the "bridge" more deeply. Many students mistakenly think that topic composition can be written casually and the theme is not important, which is wrong. The theme should be healthy, innovative and clear. Finding the right starting point helps to write easily. For example, the theme is to protect the natural environment, and the starting point can be many familiar environment-related behaviors around you, such as spitting, littering, hygiene habits and so on. Protecting the lawn and the like can be the starting point of your writing. 4. Look at the tips. The writing ideas of topic composition can be inspired by hints. For example, the tip of a topic composition reads: In life, many people and things move us. At the same time, some of our actions may also touch others. Please write an article on the topic of "moving". This hint provides us with such a writing idea: start writing. Writing touching behavior, etc. These three aspects of writing are three ways of writing. Choose one of them to write, and better grasp the quality of the composition. Fifteen ways to examine questions quickly.
3. How to write a composition? How to write a composition?
Examining questions is the first step in writing. It can be said that the composition is half successful when the questions are well examined. The assessment should start from the following aspects:
First, the form of examination questions. There are roughly the following topics:
Propositional composition includes all propositional texts and semi-propositional texts.
Fate composition includes written materials, image materials, pictures and words.
The different forms of the above questions determine the scope, methods and requirements of the examination. Therefore, we can't ignore the examination of the topic, so as to avoid the inconsistency between the article and the topic, forming the so-called writing a thousand words and pulling Wan Li.
Second, review the writing content. Review the writing content, that is, what the topic requires us to write. As far as narrative writing is concerned, it is necessary to understand whether the article requires remembering people or narrating; Is it a landscape or something? Writing about people means writing about one person, two people or a group of people; Narrative is about one thing, two things or several things; Write a scene, whether to write a still scene or a moving scene; Whether it is an animal or a plant, you should make it clear when reviewing the questions.
Third, review the writing points. Both of them are describing the same thing, but the writing focus of the two titles is different: the writing focus of a meaningful thing is to highlight the "significance" of this thing and describe the "meaningful" place of this thing; The key point of writing an unforgettable interesting story is that the story is unforgettable because it is interesting, and the interesting places should be described to highlight its unforgettable. So when you find the key point of the topic, you grasp the center of the article, the scope of material selection and the goal of material composition.
Generally speaking, the focus of the title refers to the words that reveal the meaning, embody the center, point out the key points or express the color feeling. This keyword is also called "title eye". Grasping the title is to grasp the writing focus of the article. The general rule is:
The topic is a sentence, and the verbs in the sentence are often "striking". Such as: "My favorite person", the title is "Like".
The title is a phrase, and the word that plays the role of description and modification in the phrase is "title eye". For example, the title of One Day in Summer Vacation is "In Summer Vacation", which limits the large time range of the events written.
The title is a word, and the word itself is a "title eye".
Fourth, the limitations of the test questions. There is also a key content in the examination of the topic, which is to find out the limitations of the topic on writing. Many composition topics are limited in time, space, quantity, characters and content. , and specify the scope. Only in this way, the author can write strictly within the prescribed scope, so as not to stray from the topic, not to stray from the topic, "to do whatever he wants without exceeding the moment", and not to stray from the topic in a thousand words.
Find out the time limit of the topic. Some composition topics have a certain time limit, so we should grasp this time limit when reviewing the topics. For example, the new year's day chronicle. The topic selection time of this question is limited to 1 month 1 day, and the writing should be related to the specific background and meaning of a festival like "Chinese New Year".
Find out the local limitations of the topic. Some composition topics stipulate the scope of the place, and the limit of the place should be clear when examining the topic. For example, on the topic of "On the way to school", the people, things, things and sights written are limited to what you see and hear on the way to school. Only by correctly grasping this place can the content written have a basis and foundation.
Find the limit of the amount of questions. Quantifiers appear in some composition topics, and the number limit should be clear when examining the topics. Such as "remember one thing in my composition" and "remember two or three things in my composition". There are only quantitative differences in the writing requirements of the two topics: the first topic is to explain my process of learning composition by telling a complete story, and the second topic is to explain my process of learning composition by telling two or three stories or two or three fragments. If you are careless, it doesn't matter if you write one thing into two or three things or two or three things into one thing.
Understand human limitations. Some composition topics are specified face to face, and the restrictions need to be clearly defined face to face when reviewing the topics. For example, the topic "Teacher, I want to tell you" restricts the use of the first person in writing, so you need to write what you want to say to the teacher from the perspective of "I". The topic "Lei Feng is by my side" can be written in the first person or in the third person. When writing, write in the first person. Another example is the topic "Grandma's Smile", which was paid attention to when examining the topic. The title itself limits the use of the third person in this writing, and the occasional use of "I" also appears as a foil. The person who runs through the whole article should be "grandma" or "her".
Find out its meaning. Some topics have symbolic or extended meanings. Such as Road, Rain and Dew Moisten the Heart, Snow White, etc. When it comes to this topic, you can't just talk without practice. You should grasp the essential characteristics of things through literal concrete things to reveal the symbolic meaning contained in the topic, so that the theme of the article will have depth.
Specify additional restrictions. Some topics have additional off-topic conditions, which are generally called "requirements", and the additional restrictions should be clearly defined when reviewing the topics.
The steps of writing a composition depend on what kind of composition you write.
The first is the examination of questions.
Then make clear what is the center of the article to be written.
Prose requires scattered form but not scattered spirit, and if it is argumentative, it also requires arguments and arguments to conform to the core of the article. Novels require plot design to reflect this core idea, and narrative should be written with its own feelings.
Then you can roughly draft an outline, or an idea, which requires you to have an overall grasp of the article, that is, an integrity.
The topic should not be straightforward, but should arouse readers' reverie or curiosity.
Then there is the beginning of design, which is to design according to your overall thinking. This is the first highlight of the article.
The content should be layered, and the novel should pay special attention to character description, inner description, reflecting inner actions and behaviors, interpolation, flashback and dialogue. All these can make the article clever, the prose divergent and the sentences beautiful through design, but they can't be divorced from the core. Don't put on airs, don't write in a tone of overlooking everything, be modest, and put forward the point that adding "I think" won't offend people.
Cohesion between paragraphs requires natural ingenuity.
The end is two points after the beginning. There is no actual content. Write something that you find mysterious after reading it yourself. It's best to take care of it from the beginning.
I hope it helps you.
If you want to know more, you'd better find a book to teach you to write a composition.
5. How to examine the questions for primary school students' compositions Three methods of examining questions Propositional compositions usually stipulate the scope and requirements of the topics and proposed topics, and write compositions according to the topics and specified requirements.
Propositional composition is the main form of composition training in primary schools. There are generally three forms of proposition: one is a full-proposition composition, such as Unforgettable Things, Campus in Spring, Me and My Teacher; Second, semi-propositional compositions, such as "_ _ educated me", "a _ _ _ _ person" and "I love my _ _ _ _ _ _"; The third is to provide topics with conditions or scope, such as "writing a composition and explaining a truth through one thing."
Write the key parts in detail, and the other parts are simpler. ""Please write a letter to the mayor about the health situation in our city "and so on. The completion of propositional composition generally includes six stages: examination, conception, material selection, material composition, writing and revision.
Examining questions is the basis of writing a propositional composition, and it is also one of the keys to the success or failure of the composition. Examining a topic is also called solving a problem. It is necessary to carefully analyze the topic, examine the significance and requirements of the topic, determine the scope of material selection, determine the genre, content, writing focus, writing method, and determine the central theme of the article.
Some primary school students don't pay attention to the importance or don't examine the questions because they don't form the habit of carefully examining the questions when writing. Some don't even look at the questions and requirements of the composition carefully. They just write at the beginning and draw with a pen. As a result, they digress, digress, and are careless about the topic. Some even have the tragedy of "writing a thousand words and digressing on Wan Li".
So, how to examine the topic of primary school proposition composition? First, clarify the limitations and requirements of the proposition. Proposition composition often limits the content of the article and puts forward requirements.
Therefore, when reviewing the topic, we must first find out what restrictions and requirements there are for the composition topic. Generally speaking, propositional composition is limited by genre, time, place, quantity, narrative object and their relationship. Knowing this, you can determine the scope of composition selection.
1 genre. For primary school students, it is generally based on practicing writing narratives.
When reviewing questions, we should also classify them to see whether they belong to "writing people, writing landscapes, taking notes and writing things" or "diaries and letters". For example, "My Teacher" is about people; Watching the sunrise is watching the scenery; Unforgettable events are unforgettable; Lotus is a flower.
The difference between diary and letter is more obvious. 2. Time.
For example, "Ten Minutes Between Classes", the selection scope is interesting things and activities that take place after class and before class; The evening in my hometown has a specific time range, that is, "evening"; "National Day" time is National Day. 3. location.
For example, the location of the corner of the park is the park, which is a part of the corner in the park. The people and things written in "New Campus Style" should happen on campus rather than outside campus; The location of "Memorial to Martyrs Cemetery" is "Martyrs Cemetery".
4. quantity. For example, in Two or Three Unforgettable Summer Vacations, you can write two or three things, but not one, nor ten or eight. The protagonist described in Unforgettable Man is one, not two or three.
5. The object of narration and its relationship. For example, my classmates and I are all about the relationship between classmates, but the former is about classmates and the latter is about me and my classmates.
I love Chinese textbooks to describe "I" and "Chinese textbooks", and the relationship is between people and things. Of course, the genre, time, place, quantity, narrative object and their relationship of propositional composition restrictions are not available in every composition topic, or there are one, two or three.
Second, when examining the questions, analyze the keywords of the questions, buckle the "eye" and determine the center. The key word of the topic is the "striking" of the composition topic.
"Title eye" often expresses the central idea of the article and reveals the meaning of the topic. Button "eye", that is, grasp the writing focus of the composition.
1, the title of the composition is a word, and the title is "eye". Such as "Mom", "Spring outing" and "Lotus", when writing a composition, we should grasp the "title" and find out whether to write about people, events or scenery, then expand the association, determine the center and complete the composition.
2. In the title, the word that usually plays a decorative role is "eye". For example, ten minutes before class, lovely toys, unforgettable events, proud father and so on. The film titles are recess, cuteness, unforgettable and pride.
3. The verb in the composition topic is generally "eye-catching". For example, this incident taught me that I love my little alarm clock, visit the Martyrs Cemetery, and my uncle Tomb-Sweeping Day Yi. The topics are education, love, respect and memory.
Before we write a composition, if we can buckle the "headline", we can grasp the center of the article when writing a composition and avoid digression, digression, or even the phenomenon of "writing a thousand words, digressing on Wan Li". Third, find the sky beyond the limitation of the topic, broaden your thinking and select materials extensively.
With the above restrictions, is it not conducive to the expansion of students' thinking, and the scope of material selection is too narrow? That's not true. In addition to some necessary restrictions and requirements, propositional composition often has a large unrestricted scope, that is to say, a wide range of materials is used, which is conducive to students to expand their thinking, expand their associations and capture the highlights of life.
For example, an interesting story in the summer vacation, analysis: ① genre: narrative writing; The topic is "fun". As long as it is fun, there is no limit to anything. Then, we can open our minds, open our minds and broaden our horizons to select materials.
Write what? Swimming? Watching movies? Doing housework? Voluntary labor? Wait a minute. 3 the time limit is summer vacation; (4) The number is limited to one, but the summer vacation lasts for more than a month, and interesting things happen almost every day. There are at least dozens of "interesting things" available for selection. Therefore, the range beyond the limit is very large, and the range of material selection is very wide.
Another example is "Remember someone around me". The analysis shows that the object of narration is "people" and the relationship is "people around me", which is limited by the topic, but there are many people around me who can write: father, mother, teacher, classmate, neighbor and so on. There are no restrictions. Therefore, when writing a propositional composition, don't be restricted. We should not only pay attention to the limitations and requirements of the composition topic, but also analyze and find out.
6. How to open the thinking of writing \x0d primary school students in zhongmou county, Henan Province must have something to say first. The students shouted "writing is difficult", mainly because of two difficulties: first, the content is off topic and I don't know what to write; Second, I don't know how to write because I don't know the language. The first obstacle is the content obstacle. The reason why students are worried about writing is that they don't know what to write, that is, the thinking of writing has not been opened, and the selection of materials has entered a dead end. The second is that they don't know how to write and how to organize language. An ordinary composition topic "My Mom" can make students below average worry for 20 minutes. To write a good composition, you must first examine the questions. By examining the questions, we mean carefully examining every word in the questions, making clear the writing object, the writing purpose, the writing scope and the writing requirements. However, it is not enough to examine the topic only at this level. Doing the above can only make the composition stick to the theme and stay on topic, but it can't guarantee to write a distinctive and innovative composition. In fact, there are more innovative compositions in the examination of questions. It is through the examination of the topic that we open our minds, which many students ignore. There is no doubt that \x0d propositional composition puts forward various restrictions on students' composition. In the process of examining questions, determine the writing object, clarify the writing purpose, define the writing scope and clarify the writing requirements. In the final analysis, it is to examine what restrictions are put forward by the composition topic. For example, My Mom limits the writing object to "me". You can't write about other people's mothers or "my father". However, just like no matter how tight the house is, there should be a door. Any composition topic should be unrestricted while putting forward various restrictions. These unrestricted places are like a gap or a door, which is a vast world for students to exert their enthusiasm \x0d creativity. Let's take My Mom as an example to talk about it in detail. The restrictions are clear: "My mother" is not someone else's mother, nor is it a family member such as "grandfather, grandmother, father, sister". These restrictions must be observed. If you violate it, you will definitely digress or digress. However, if we only see various restrictions, it will bound to bind our thinking and make the selection of materials into a dead end. While seeing various restrictions, we should also see the non-restrictive requirements in the topic. You can also write about your mother's shortcomings and remind your mother and readers with similar shortcomings to correct them. (2) There is more than one advantage or disadvantage of your mother, and there is no limit to writing a few in the title. So we can concentrate on writing a story about your mother and show her strengths or weaknesses in one aspect. You can also write two or three things to show your mother's personality characteristics from many angles and sides. (3) The topic is "My mother", not "Me and my mother". Therefore, we can write about what happened between "me" and my mother, or what happened between my grandfather, grandmother, father or other people and my mother. (4) There is no time limit for the topic. We can write about present or former mothers. Write about the great changes that have taken place in one aspect of my mother (such as personality, clothes, mental outlook, etc.). Through these changes, we can often reflect profound problems, such as the changes of the times, social progress, economic development, ideological liberation and so on. We only need to choose one of such a wide range of materials. With this analysis, students' ideas will be easy to open, and the articles written will be unique and innovative. In the actual writing process, the examination of the topic is usually not completed at one time, but repeated many times, running through the process of conception. Writing ideas are not static and need constant adjustment. Some students will have a spark of inspiration in the middle of writing. As long as time permits, they can start all over again. Therefore, in order to write a high-quality composition, students need to keep abreast of the requirements of the composition topic and constantly adjust their writing ideas.
7. Chinese composition: How to examine and analyze the topic is to find the foothold of writing. To write a good propositional composition, we must first analyze the exact meaning of a given topic and the foothold of writing. Most of the composition topics given in the senior high school entrance examination appear in the form of words. Grasping the meaning of these words will master the key to understanding the meaning of the topic. A single word, with a single concept, is characterized by fewer restrictions and a large thinking space, which is conducive to developing ideas. It is helpful for candidates to choose suitable materials from different angles according to the topic. In recent years, the composition content of the senior high school entrance examination is mostly 2. Write your thoughts; 3. Write about what may happen in society. The scope mostly involves: self, life, perception of social phenomena, and things around us. Take "book" as an example: I can write books I have read, books I really love, books that inspire me, the power of knowledge, books without words, life experiences and so on. If the above ideas are attached to the topic, I can write them down. This has become my own writing intention. The analysis of "worry" is an example: the title of the composition of Tianjin senior high school entrance examination in 2004 is "worry", which is a biased word, referring to what you have worked out in your heart, and more to what is difficult. You can write in a wide range, as long as what you often think in your heart belongs to the writable category. After defining the meaning of a given topic, we still need to find the foothold of the topic and how to write "trouble". Things at home, things at school, and hot issues in society can all reflect their own worries. The process of finding a topic is actually the process of narrowing the scope of the topic, so how to find a topic? Then you need to analyze the writing skills given. For example, the writing tip of "Worry" topic: Everyone's inner world is a rich world, with joy, anger, melancholy and happiness ... physical changes, ups and downs of life, the complexity of the world, how many things and ideas are hidden in people's hearts, from a person's unresolved knot to endless thoughts. The composition in the examination room needs to be cut off quickly. That is the foothold of writing. After removing some literary words from the above writing tips, it is obvious that the words "mind", "thinking" and "things" are more prominent and are the backbone, so we can narrow the scope of the topic to "things that must be considered from the heart" and the rest are beyond the scope. This is the foothold we are looking for. In 2005, the composition for the senior high school entrance examination focused on "roots". You can write about people's birthdays, as well as the birthdays of the party and the country, but you must write about the people and things you want to tell most, and the feelings and significance you want to express most. The title of the 2007 senior high school entrance examination composition is "Rainbow in My Heart". The extended meaning of the rainbow is the most gorgeous and beautiful thing, and it is the most beautiful scenery in your heart. Before analyzing topics and writing tips, you should skillfully use "tips". Only in this way can we easily understand the topic. We should also carefully scrutinize the writing requirements, because the requirements are some restrictions on writing and must not be ignored. Although there are generally no obstacles in the examination of the composition of the senior high school entrance examination, we should try our best to reduce the difficulty of the examination, but we should carefully ponder the meaning of the topic and not take it lightly.