Question 2: How to write the significance of the topic selection in the thesis opening report? This paper is not difficult to write. Don't copy. It's good to have your own opinion. You can ask me if you can't write. Papers often refer to articles used to conduct scientific research and describe scientific research results, which are referred to as papers for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange.
Question 3: financial management objectives 10 On the realistic choice of enterprise financial management objectives, financial management is a management activity that makes decisions, plans and controls the whole process of enterprise capital movement. Its essence is to comprehensively manage the whole process of enterprise production and operation in the form of value. As the core of enterprise management, financial management must be consistent with enterprise goals. Profit maximization is the goal pursued by enterprises and financial management. However, the goal of maximizing profits has exposed its shortcomings in long-term practice. If the ratio of income to risk is not considered, the financial managers of enterprises often blindly pursue the maximization of short-term profits, resulting in low or even negative long-term profits. At the same time, profit maximization does not consider the time value factor when making profits. Although the absolute profit of an enterprise in a certain period is very high, the actual profit is very low or even negative after excluding inflation and opportunity cost. As a result, people began to look for other goals, not profit maximization. With the vigorous development of the securities industry, the maximization of enterprise value has gradually become a hot topic of discussion. Enterprise value is the sum of corporate bond value and stock value. The main reason for setting the goal of maximizing enterprise value is that it overcomes the problem that profit maximization is out of touch with time and risk. However, it has not achieved the brilliant achievements that people expected. On the contrary, it has caused more confusion than the goal of maximizing profits. The reasons for this result are as follows: ① China's various rules and regulations are still not perfect, and securities trading is not standardized. Therefore, the prices of stocks and bonds are often influenced by non-economic factors and cannot accurately reflect the true value of enterprises; (2) In China, legal person shares are forbidden to be listed and circulated, so the real major shareholders of enterprises cannot directly profit from the securities market and are not interested in maximizing the stock price; (3) Pursuing the highest share price may lead enterprises to deviate from the normal business track, such as making some decisions that cater to the general trend of the stock market, not for the purpose of developing enterprises, but for the speculation of shareholders on certain topics; The virtual economy is divorced from the real economy, which is easy to mislead investors to make wrong choices; ⑤ The formula of maximizing enterprise value is complicated to calculate, and most of them use estimation, which actually makes the enterprise difficult to operate and impractical. Therefore, the maximization of enterprise value can only be a theoretical formula and an ideal development goal in China at present, which has little guiding effect on enterprise financial management. Due to the influence of these factors, some people put forward financial management goals such as maximizing cash flow, maximizing cash dividends and maximizing net present value, but these goals only make financial management selective in some aspects and cannot represent the overall goal of financial management. So what kind of goal should we choose to better meet the current economic development situation? The author thinks that it is still profit maximization, but it is not copying the past practice, but making necessary amendments to the past profit maximization. The reasons for insisting on profit maximization are as follows: 1. The goal of financial management must be consistent with the goal of the enterprise. Companies and enterprises are profit-oriented production and operation organizations, and the pursuit of profit maximization is the realistic goal of each enterprise in the market economy. Therefore, profit maximization conforms to the purpose of enterprise existence in the past, present and future. Because this goal is closer to people's understanding, tangible, and more easily accepted and understood by enterprise managers and owners. 2. Maximizing enterprise value is most suitable for the financial management of joint-stock enterprises, especially listed companies. For listed companies, except for the influence of non-economic factors, the information of shareholders' evaluation of enterprise performance can only be obtained from their accounting statements. However, accounting statements do not reflect the market value of enterprises, but only reflect the financial situation, operating results and capital changes of enterprises in a certain period in the past, and the most important indicator that shareholders look for in accounting statements is the profit of enterprises, so the factors that determine the value of enterprises return to profit maximization. In addition, the level of enterprise value is the external performance of enterprise operating results. The biggest benefit of listed companies from the securities market is that they can increase capital and share or issue bonds to raise a lot of money. However, it is expressly stipulated in our country that when an enterprise increases capital and shares and issues new bonds, it is necessary to examine whether the company has been making profits for the last three years, which means that the profit index is closely related to the enterprise value. Only on the premise of profit maximization can the enterprise value maximization have the basis of sustainable existence. 4. At present, the indexes of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned enterprises and their auxiliary indexes are also based on profits, and the level of profits determines the quality of these indexes. 5. The reorganization of enterprise assets, the optimal allocation of increments, and the merger and division of enterprises also follow the goal of maximizing profits. Maximum profit ... >>
Question 4: How to write the topic of financial management thesis (1) [2]
Graduation thesis can only have one theme (not a few works pieced together), and it should be specific to the grassroots level of the problem (that is, it is difficult to subdivide the problem into lower-level sub-problems), not the field to which the problem belongs, let alone the subject where the problem lies, in other words, the research topic should not be too big. Because of the wide range of issues involved, it is difficult to study the master's degree thesis thoroughly. Usually, the master's degree thesis should focus on a specific problem in a certain subject field and draw valuable research conclusions.
(2) How to write the title
The topic of graduation thesis should reflect the main content of the thesis work concisely, and should not be general. Because others want to search your paper through the keywords in the title of your paper, it is very important to use accurate language. The title of the paper should be an accurate and specific description of the research object, which generally reflects the research conclusion to some extent. Therefore, the title of our paper should not only tell readers what problems this paper has studied, but also tell readers the conclusions drawn from this study.
(C) the writing of the abstract
The abstract of graduation thesis is a high summary of the research content of the thesis, and others will search the master's degree thesis according to the abstract, so the abstract should include: an explanation of the problem and research purpose, a brief introduction of the methods and research process used, a brief summary of the research conclusion and so on. It should be independent and self-evident, and it should be a complete paper.
(D) Introduction writing
The introduction of a graduation thesis contains the following parts: 1, question; 2. The background and significance of the topic; 3. Literature review; 4. Research methods; 5. The structure of the paper.
Problem statement: explain clearly what the problem is.
Background and significance of topic selection: explain why this topic is chosen for research, that is, explain the contribution of this research to the development of disciplines and the theoretical and practical significance to the national economy and people's livelihood.
Literature review: make a comprehensive review of the literature within the scope of this research topic, and at the same time, have "comments", point out the shortcomings of existing research results, and express your own ideas for improvement.
Research methods: Explain the scientific research methods used in the paper.
Paper structure arrangement: Introduce the writing structure arrangement of this paper.
"What has been said in the introduction of the second chapter, the third chapter and the literature review part is not repeated here.
(5) Concluding words.
The conclusion is to refine and summarize the main research results and arguments of the paper, which should be accurate, concise, complete and organized, so that people can fully understand the significance, purpose and work content of the paper after reading it. This paper mainly expounds the position, function and significance of his creative work and research achievements in this academic field. At the same time, we should strictly distinguish our own achievements from those of our tutors and others.
Question 5: Writing of financial management papers 1. Choosing a topic is the key first step in writing a paper, which is directly related to the quality of the paper. As the saying goes, "A good composition is half the battle". For clinical nurses, we should pay attention to the following points: (1) We should choose a topic with theoretical and practical significance according to our own familiar majors and research interests; (2) The topic of thesis writing should be small rather than big, as long as you have your own opinions, successful experiences, or lessons of failure, or have new ideas and understanding of an academic field or a certain point, you can use it as a topic; (3) When choosing a topic, you should check the literature, so that you can not only know the research degree of others on this issue, but also learn from other people's research results on this issue. It should be pointed out that the topic of thesis writing is related to the topic of thesis, but it is not the same thing. The topic is drawn up on the basis of the selected topic, which is a high summary of the selected topic. But the topic selection and writing should not be limited by the topic. Sometimes in the process of writing, the topic has not changed, but it has changed several times. Second, the design is to further ask questions and plan a preliminary solution to the problem after the topic of thesis writing is determined, so that scientific research and writing can proceed smoothly. The design of nursing papers should include the following aspects: (1) professional design: a research plan based on the needs of topic selection and existing technical conditions; (2) Statistical design: it is a statistical treatment scheme put forward by using the method of health statistics, which is particularly important for the writing of nursing papers containing experimental comparative samples; (3) Writing design: it is a preliminary plan to draw up an outline and write. In a word, design is the blueprint of nursing scientific research and paper writing, without which it is impossible. Experiment and observation is an extremely important step in basic or clinical nursing research and writing papers. Carrying out necessary animal experiments or clinical observations is not only the basic process of obtaining objective results and drawing correct conclusions, but also an important way to accumulate papers for writing. Experiment is a method to explore objective laws by various material means (experimental instruments, animals, etc.). ) according to the research purpose; Observation is a conscious investigation of natural phenomena to reveal the reasons behind the phenomena and their laws. Their main functions are to collect scientific facts, obtain perceptual materials for scientific research, and develop and test scientific theories. The difference between the two is that "observation is to collect what natural phenomena provide, while experiment is to extract what you want from natural phenomena." Therefore, whether it is animal experiments or clinical observation, we should be meticulous, based on various facts, and make various records in our work. Some nursing papers do not necessarily need animal experiments or clinical observation, such as nursing management papers or nursing reviews, but necessary social practice activities are still indispensable. Only by raising the materials obtained from practice to theory can we get valuable results. Fourthly, data collection is the basis of thesis writing. After the topic selection, design, observation and experiment, collecting and processing data is the further preparation for writing a paper. Thesis writing materials can be divided into primary materials and secondary materials. The former is also called original data or direct data, which refers to things that the author personally participates in investigation, research or observation, such as records made in experiments or observations, and belongs to this kind of data; The latter, also known as second-hand information or indirect information, refers to relevant professional or specialized documents, which are mainly accumulated through usual study. On the basis of obtaining enough information, it needs to be processed to make it systematic, organized and convenient for application. For thesis writing, these two materials are essential, so we should properly apply them to thesis writing, pay attention to the distinction between primary and secondary, especially the literature materials, and quote them appropriately on the basis of full digestion and absorption, and don't pretend to be the master. The use of first-hand information should also be true, accurate and correct. 5. Writing an outline is also an important step in the process of writing a paper, which can be said to have entered the formal writing stage. First of all, we should have a general understanding of the basic types (common formats) of academic papers, and consider the composition of the papers according to the information we have. For beginners, you can refer to the types of papers published in magazines and know what you are doing. Secondly, we should do further research on the information we have, and comprehensively consider the selection and application of many materials, so that the arguments are prominent, reliable and powerful, and the contents of each part are properly connected. Third, we should consider the degree of detail of the thesis outline. Thesis outline can be divided into two types: coarse outline and fine outline. The former only indicates the main points of each part and does not involve the development of materials and papers. For ... >>
Question 6: What is the direction and scope of financial management specialty? If the financing is good, it is easy to write, and there is no need to calculate.
Question 7: On the financial management of banks: From the perspective of financial management of China Merchants Bank, financial management is the most comprehensive enterprise management, which reflects, controls and coordinates the management activities of enterprises by using the form of value. Doing a good job in financial management is of positive significance for making financial decisions, improving management and improving economic benefits. Therefore, financial management plays an increasingly important role in enterprise activities. I. Status quo of financial management of China Merchants Bank Judging from the status quo of financial management, China Merchants Bank is in a transitional stage from traditional financial management to modern financial management, which is manifested in two aspects. (A) actively learn from foreign advanced management experience, introduce and develop some modern management science, and improve the level of financial management by establishing mathematical models and other scientific methods. 1. Capital valuation management measures to enhance the awareness of capital utilization of branches. Due to the formation of the internal capital market, different interest rates have been set for special funds such as deposits, loans and discounted bills, and the interest rates are also linked to loan-to-deposit ratio and other factors, which has played an effective role in regulating and guiding the use of funds by branches. 2. Mandatory plan management of fixed assets to ensure that the fixed assets of the whole bank remain within 30% of the capital. 3. Cost profit rate management links costs with profits, and the amount of costs is more flexible. More profits and more expenses; More profits and more expenses; Realize less profits and less expenses. Compared with cost quota management, it is more flexible and effective. (B) the modern financial management centered on financial decision-making has not yet formed, and financial management still belongs to the traditional management centered on planning. There are many problems in this traditional financial management, which does not meet the needs of modern enterprise system. 1. Financial management mainly focuses on deposit and loan plans, financial revenue and expenditure and profits. 2. Financial management focuses on post-event accounting, and pre-event forecasting and in-event control are rarely involved. Even if it is involved, it is often due to the lack of scientific methods, which leads to a large error between the results and the actual situation. 3. The quantitative analysis and application of financial management is less, with more experience, and the financial plan is subjective and arbitrary, with poor accuracy. 4. Some financial management regulations are too detailed to meet the actual needs. First, the separate quantification of business promotion expenses and business entertainment expenses cannot meet the business needs. According to the relevant regulations of the Ministry of Finance, the business promotion fee shall not exceed 2% of the operating income, and the business entertainment fee shall be controlled within a certain proportion of the operating income, and the income tax shall be adjusted for the excess. Therefore, in the appraisal indicators of the superior bank to the subordinate bank, in addition to controlling the proportion or amount of total expenses, these two expenses are also listed separately for appraisal. These two expenses are closely related to developing markets and marketing products. At present, China Merchants Bank has continuously enriched its marketing team, intensified its publicity efforts, and constantly launched new businesses, and the demand for business promotion fees and business entertainment fees has also increased accordingly. It is unrealistic to set an absolute quota. Second, it is unrealistic to unify the business area, rental fees and decoration fees nationwide. The Head Office has made specific provisions on the business area standards of branches, directly affiliated branches, off-site branches and tier-one branches in the same city. In practice, due to the great differences in the economic development level, location of business outlets, horizontal competition, public security and fire protection requirements of the cities where branches are located, it is unrealistic to unify the national standards for business area, rental fees and decoration fees. Third, the communication fee standard is too strict. The amount of communication fees is directly related to departments and posts, and it is difficult to reflect the actual situation and meet the actual needs by the unified regulations of the head office. Second, the idea of improving the financial management of China Merchants Bank. The financial management of China Merchants Bank should meet the needs of modern enterprise system. Under the condition of market economy, the financial management of China Merchants Bank should meet the requirements of "managing without death, living without chaos". To achieve this requirement, we must control the macro and let go of the micro, that is, put forward the mandatory macro financial management objectives, determine the basic principles and methods of financial management, clarify the mandatory and guiding indicators of financial management, and establish the analytical indicators of financial management. All branches must complete the macro financial management objectives and abide by the mandatory financial management indicators. Under the guidance of financial management guidance indicators and analysis indicators, give full play to enthusiasm and creativity, and improve the financial management level of the whole bank. (A) to establish an effective financial management organization system. Financial management mainly involves leaders in charge of banking, accounting, planning, credit and administrative departments. The planning and credit department is mainly responsible for providing the accounting department with the basis for making financial plans, participating in making financial plans, and organizing deposits and operating loans under the restrictions of financial management indicators; The administration department is responsible for the use and management of physical assets within the cost index; The accounting department is responsible for formulating financial policies and plans, and managing and controlling financial indicators; Supervisor ... >>
Question 8: Reference to the title of the paper on financial management 1. On the application of financial management in small and medium-sized enterprises. 2. Research on financial standards of enterprise rights issue. 3. Research on decision-making of capital cost. 4. Financial risk assessment system. 5. Enterprise operational capability analysis system. 6. Enterprise profitability evaluation system. 7. Enterprise financial crisis early warning system. 8. Research on enterprise value. 9. Talking about the shortage of funds in enterprises. Research on investment structure of enterprises. 1. 1. Analysis of financial statements of listed companies 12. Research on the appointment system of chief financial officer of enterprise group 13. Enterprise/enterprise group financial control system 14. The role of financial analysis in enterprise economic management. How do enterprises manage accounts receivable 16? On internal control of enterprises. On how to strengthen the financial management of public institutions. Discussion on tax planning theory 19. On financial management under the new situation. On knowledge-based economy and financial management innovation .58666.86686868086 How to control the cost of capital? Discussion on related problems in asset evaluation. Accelerate the turnover of circulating funds and improve the economic benefits of enterprises. On strategic financial management of enterprises. Cost control of purchasing and using raw materials. How to use cash flow statement to analyze the quality of accounting income. The influence of the choice of bad debt confirmation method on the quality of accounting information. Decision analysis of capital structure optimization. Centralized financial control mode 3 1. Strengthen the management of state-owned assets in administrative institutions. On the establishment of internal control system. On monetary funds. Mistakes and abuses in management. Research on financial strategy of enterprise/enterprise group. Research on dividend policy of enterprise groups. Research on investment financial standards. Financial problems of off-balance-sheet financing of enterprises. Free cash flow and enterprise value evaluation. Enterprise income quality and its evaluation system. Research on enterprise credit policy 4 1. Research on the separation of financial decision-making, execution and supervision, 42 pages. Investment forecast and planning of intangible assets. On financing risks and countermeasures. How to strengthen the management of non-commodity liquidity? Comparative analysis of enterprise financial structure. Analysis and evaluation of fund use effect. Calculation of liquidity turnover rate of commercial enterprises. Internal cause analysis of enterprise losses and countermeasures. On intangible assets management. On the time value of money in enterprise investment decision. The meaning of 5 1. Strengthening financial management and improving economic benefits of enterprises. Ways and measures to speed up the capital turnover of enterprises. Follow the law of capital movement and strengthen enterprise financial management.
Question 9: What can I write in my graduation thesis of financial management? I don't think I know what to write ... master's thesis. I can usually do this. I can download some papers of this major on the Internet to read more, and then see which one is more familiar and I can play some by myself, or several papers are connected together, which is my own. Most of them are like this. It is too difficult to make up an article by yourself.
Question 10: what is the topic of the graduation thesis of financial management major? Ask for recommendation, 1: 1, topic. Should be able to summarize the most important content of the whole paper, concise and eye-catching, generally no more than 20 words.
Abstract and key words of the paper.
2. The abstract of the paper should explain the main points of the paper. Explain the research purpose, research methods, achievements and conclusions of this paper. Keep the basic information of the original paper as much as possible and highlight the creative achievements and new ideas of the paper. It should not be a simple list of chapter titles. About 500 words is appropriate.
Key words are the key words that can best reflect the theme of the paper, generally 3-5.
3. Contents. It is not only the outline of the paper, but also the subtitle of the paper, so you should mark the corresponding page number.
4. Introduction (or preface). The content should include the present situation at home and abroad in this research field, the problems to be solved in this paper, and the theoretical significance and practical value of this research work in economic construction, scientific and technological progress and social development.
5, the text. It is the main body of graduation thesis.
6. Conclusion. The conclusion of the paper should be clear, concise and complete, and should clarify one's own creative achievements or new ideas and their significance in this field.
7. References and notes. According to the number of documents or comments cited in the paper, it is listed after the main body of the paper and before the references. Charts or data must indicate the source and provenance.
(When the reference is a periodical, the writing format is:
[No.], author, article title, periodical name (foreign language can be abbreviated), year, number of volumes, number of issues and page number.
When the reference is a book, the writing format is:
[No.], author, title, publishing unit, year, edition and page number. )
8. Appendix. Including formula derivation, auxiliary mathematical tools, repeated data charts, symbolic meanings used in this paper, unit abbreviations, full text of the program and related explanations, etc.