The tour not only ended in this way, but also brought him constant introspection and profound thinking, which made him feel that "those who can't reach it can have no regrets, and who can sneer at it?" This is Wang Anshi's feeling in traveling, which cannot be used in study and life. Where there is a will, there is a way.
Throughout the history of China for thousands of years, this sentence is of course correct. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, was humiliated by the Japanese, but he was so humiliated because of his great ambition. In the end, he not only got revenge, but also made great contributions and revitalized the country. Fan Zhongyan was interested in the world since he was a child.
Although he was poor since he was a child, he was diligent and eager to learn, and he loved his motherland. Finally, I wrote the sentence "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later", which impressed future generations. He also became a famous politician and writer in the Song Dynasty.
Tan Sitong, a famous patriotic hero and one of the six gentlemen of the Reform Movement of 1898, was determined to save the country when he was a child. When he grew up, he devoted himself to political reform, but ended in failure. But before he died, he said loudly, "If you want to kill a thief, you can't go back to heaven and die a natural death. Soon! " .
Although the reform failed, his ambition and patriotism won the infinite admiration of future generations. Ambition is the beacon of life, the beacon in the night sky, and the driving force of human progress.
Ambition is indispensable in life. A person without ambition is like a kite with a broken line, living in confusion and unknowns forever, not to mention success. If you have an ambition, you can't do it without hard work.
If a person wants to succeed, he should not only establish his own ambition, but also be fearless like Gou Jian, the king of Yue. Persistence and hard work like Fan Zhongyan; Even like Tan Sitong, he will always be concerned about the motherland ... Premier Zhou Enlai said when he was young that he would "study for the rise of China"; Therefore, as students, our ambition should be not only to get good grades and get into a good university, but also to study hard knowledge and skills to make our motherland stronger. Often the higher the ambition, the more development a person will have.
Therefore, we should also look further, not just stay or be satisfied with the present. Life is a journey of determination and ambition, and only with good ambition can we go on; And if you do your best, you will never regret it.
When reading the Travel Notes of Baochan, you can write a travel note, which not only describes the scenery of mountains and rivers, customs and customs, but also expresses the author's feelings and feelings. Generally speaking, it is common to bring some lyric elements in travel notes; It takes a lot of time to write many comments by memory, without losing the literary significance of the travel genre.
Wang Anshi's Travel Notes of Baochan has done this and has been deeply loved by readers for thousands of years. Wang Anshi was a famous ancient prose writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was good at writing argumentative essays.
In this travelogue, he gave full play to his strengths, did not write much about the scenery, but tried to talk about his feelings after the tour. In this 600-700-word article, the part about travel and the part about discussion account for about half.
In the travel part, it is almost everywhere, which lays the foundation for the following comments. The parts discussed later are all about dealing with the positive.
The structure of the article is very rigorous, showing the author's careful arrangement from beginning to end. Although there are not many words in the first half, it clearly depicts the characteristics of Baochan for readers.
Can be divided into three small parts. The first part is about the environment and history of Baochan.
It wrote the name of Baochan Mountain, the Buddhist temple and Huashan Cave in Baochan Mountain, and the distance from the Buddhist temple to Huashan Cave. Between the Zen Temple and the Huashan Cave, "there is a servant road monument, whose text is diffuse and its only text is still recognizable, so it is called Huashan".
According to the inscription, the author confirmed that Huashan Cave should be a "flower cave", and expressed the author's leisure with pen and ink. The second small part is about the "front cave" of Huashan Cave, and only four sentences are written: "The bottom is flat and open, and there is a spring; There are many tourists, so-called front holes. "
The third part is about "Houdong", which is the location of Baochan Mountain exploration and the most worthwhile place to visit. There are many descriptions. "Five or six miles from this mountain, there is a cave, and it is very cold.
Asking about its depth, its good doers can't be poor, which is called back hole, and it is unusual to write about its depth. When the author wrote that he was swimming in the back hole, he "gave four people a fire to let them in." The deeper you go, the harder it is to get in and the stranger you see.
Lazy people who want to go out say,' If you don't go out, the fire will be consumed'. Then say it. "
On the one hand, it is a description of wandering during the day, on the other hand, it also reflects the strangeness and unpredictability of the back hole. The following are some supplementary notes on his trip that day.
Replenish the places you have been after swimming, "not eleven times better than those who swim well"; Supplementary narrative "however, depending on its left and right, there are fewer people who come and remember, and the depth of coverage is less"; Add "the party is timely, the power is given enough, and the fire is clear"; After they come out, "they may blame those who want to go out, but they will also regret it. They may not go swimming very happily." This is all about Baochan's trip, and it can also be said to be the text of this article.
Although the text is short, the description is very detailed. We seem to have followed the author out of the Buddhist temple in the mountain, walked past a monument of servants on the roadside and visited the front and back caves.
When he was swimming in eastern Guizhou, he saw many tourists writing their names there and knew that many people had been there. But this is just an ordinary hole.
When swimming in the back hole, you should go in with a flashlight. The deeper you go, the harder it is to walk and the stranger the scenery you see. Although the author didn't specifically describe how strange it was, it deeply attracted readers.
Through the desire for cave exploration, readers are given full imagination. He still didn't see the wonders of the back hole, leaving a piece of regret.
I have finished writing about travel, so it doesn't matter if the article ends here. But the author wrote this article with the intention of summing up a lesson from the regret of this visit.
The sentence "So I have a sigh" suddenly changed the subject and caused a big discussion in the second half. Therefore, the author thinks that ancient literati often gain something by observing mountains, rivers, plants, insects, fish, birds and animals, which is the result of their painstaking exploration and in-depth efforts.
Most people just want to take a flat road and just wander around, just like most people who travel in the mountains.
2. Ask for 800 words of "Reading Baochan"-"Reading Baochan" feels close to the husband, so there are countless tourists; The risks are far away, but the risks are few.
The strange, magnificent and extraordinary world outlook is often in the distance, but people rarely find it-the inscription of this ancient prose was written by the author on his way from Song Renzong to Beijing in July of the first year. According to the article, Baochan is also called Huashan, and there is a place called "Huashan Cave" in its south. There are many inscriptions in the cave.
The bottom of the cave is flat and wide, so people call it the "front hole". Walking five or six miles along the mountain, there is a deep cave. The terrain here is steep and no one has reached the end. On the other side of the cave, there is an extraordinary sight of "fantastic wonders". In real life, there are still many such "pits" that keep rising on your life path, making you feel at a loss, lose self-confidence, unable to succeed, and can only stand at the end of failure, stupefied.
However, there are always solutions to difficulties. Throughout the ages, many celebrities and sages have made extraordinary achievements in difficulties. In the face of deafness, Beethoven in the Netherlands struggled hard and eventually became a generation of "music saints"; Facing total paralysis, Hawking studied the black hole theory with two poor fingers. Edison persevered and gave an optimistic voice of "I found 1000 materials that are not suitable for filament".
Not to mention these celebrities and sages, ordinary people can overcome difficulties. Do you know Wilma Rudolph, the black bell ringer? She almost died when she was born. At the age of 4, she suffered from pneumonia and scarlet fever, and her left leg was paralyzed by illness. At the age of 9, she broke away from the leg support with amazing perseverance. Later, she decided to take part in the running race, but she came last every time. People advised her to give up, but she still kept running until one day, she won a race.
Since then, victories have continued. Finally, three glittering Olympic gold medals hung firmly on her chest.
Students, our luck is better than theirs, but why should we choose to give up? Only difficulties can make our calm ideal lake ripple magnificently and make our gentle soul music play a magnificent melody! Cherish the difficulties! This will be a valuable asset in your life.
3. Write a composition for Baochan's primary school students. After reading Wang Anshi's Travel Notes of Baochan, I suddenly thought of a lot. The Journey of Treasure Toad is a travel book based on reasoning. Although it is a trip that can't be enjoyed, Wang Anshi can realize the philosophy of life from this trip and write such a famous article. This reminds me that I still lack attention to the little things around me. In fact, behind every little thing. Everyone has his own secrets. Only by paying more attention and being good at observation can we discover its secret, philosophy, or fun ... this is my first gain from reading this article. In this article, there are many famous aphorisms, but these two sentences left a deep impression on me. One of them is "those who can't do what I want to do can have no regrets, and no one can sneer." This is to "do your best". One can't succeed in everything, but no matter what the final result is, we should try our best to do things well. We can all say loudly, "I have tried my best, and I can have no regrets!" " Here, I would like to make some supplements according to Wang Anshi's point of view. I can do my best and have no regrets, not to say that I can be satisfied. If I succeed, I am very happy, but I should try my best to improve my ability and pave the way for the next success. Those who fail should learn from it. Try to do well. There is also a saying that "scholars should not think deeply and should not be cautious." This sentence shows that the attitude of learning is "think carefully and take it carefully" This is to warn us not to follow suit and spread false information, but to have the spirit of doubt and the perseverance of textual research, otherwise it is blind obedience. In life, we should dare to doubt some authoritative reports and even some facts, and then verify their correctness.
4. Write a composition in the third paragraph of "The Journey of Baochan". Wang Anshi, a great writer, put forward the view that "do your best and have no regrets" in the article "You Bao Chan".
I quite agree. Lenin once said: "People become animals without ideals, and ideals promote progress."
From this perspective, everyone should have their own ideals and ambitions. But in real life, not everyone can realize their ambitions and achieve success.
A writer once said, "What matters is not success, but struggle." This sentence hits the nail on the head, pointing out that the significance of struggle is far greater than success.
And Wang Anshi's "dedication" is not the "struggle" on the road to success? Yes, success comes from struggle. However, the struggle is not always successful.
Some strugglers have gone through hardships but failed to succeed, or failed to see success for various reasons, but their struggle has opened the way for successors and provided valuable lessons, and their struggle is still of great significance today. History will not judge heroes only by success or failure.
Just like Rainbow An Shi, he put forward "Do your best, you can have no regrets" and tried to reform and improve people's lives. He tried some methods and struggled hard, but in the end he failed. He did his best, and he can have a clear conscience.
Our descendants will not regard him as an incompetent loser because of his failure. Isn't the process he fought for equally worthy of our admiration? Life is like a curve, and the turning point is changeable. People always want their life to be as smooth as a straight line. But it often backfires, and a curved life needs to go through a lot of tempering.
Things that can't be successful even if you try your best are not uncommon in such a life. If you don't succeed just because you tried your best, how can you succeed? Therefore, it doesn't matter if you fail, as long as you feel that you have done your best on this road and have a clear conscience.
As long as there is no end to life, there is no end to struggle; As long as you don't succeed, keep trying. Even if you finally miss out on success, you don't need to feel sorry, because "if you do your best, you can have no regrets."
5. There are two kinds of travel notes about Baochan in ancient and modern times: one is a relic with colorful and lifelike scenery, which attracts readers and tourists to travel together and inspires readers and tourists to have the same interest; The other is Wenli zhanghua, whose writing is brilliant, delicate and realistic. The author writes horizontally as freely as possible to satisfy the aesthetic pleasure of readers.
In fact, in essence, the above two kinds of travel notes are easy to understand, but often difficult to understand. The former is true, but it is often clumsy because it is too real; The latter, beauty is beauty, but it is inevitably too flashy and frivolous.
Therefore, the truly great travel notes are unique and open-minded, revealing a profound artistic conception of "praising the new February flowers with different standards". Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden, Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower, Ouyang Xiu's Drunken Pavilion, Su Shi's Shi Zhongshan, and Wang Anshi's Bao Chan Xing.
Although this is a travelogue, it can be said to be a reasoning article. Generally speaking, the opening is the most hesitant part of writing an article.
However, at the beginning of this article, there is neither mystifying nor grandstanding, nor is it airtight, solid but not artificial. On the contrary, it directly describes the place and the treasure toad in extremely precise words, and people also call Huashan its name. Then he wrote that Huashan Cave has a flat and wide bottom, with springs gushing from the side, and there are many inscriptions when traveling.
Walking five or six miles up the mountain, there is a deep and dark cave, which is very cold to enter. Asked about its depth, even people who like to travel in shifts can't go down to the bottom of the cave. The deeper you go, the harder it is to move forward, but the more wonderful the scenery you can see.
This stroke has aroused the reader's appetite and caused a kind of regret in his mind. Obviously, the author's layout is not only a true expression of his thoughts and feelings, but also a superb writing skill without revealing traces.
Obviously, I was going to write this, but it happened that "there is a cave, and it is very cold to go in." I strongly say that the difficulty of this tour makes readers want to see it, but they can't stop, and they can't help but have an eager desire. In this way, the author firmly grasped the reader's mentality of walking with others from the beginning.
I like traveling, but I don't like peace. Just like the author is talking about difficulties, it seems that Wan Li can't succeed, but it seems that some people want to go out because they are lazy, and some people want to go out and say, "If you don't go out, the fire will run out."
So I said it. But when the time comes, the strength is enough, and the fire is enough.
As a result, the author later regretted not going further and not fully enjoying the trip. So the author lamented this matter: "The ancients often gained something from their views on the world's mountains, rivers, plants, insects, fish, birds and animals. They sought the depth of their thoughts and were everywhere. "
This incident shows that to learn knowledge or build achievements, we should "aim high" subjectively, "birds of a feather flock together" objectively, and the emphasis is subjective, so we emphasize "doing our best". Only in this way can we not be afraid of difficulties and obstacles and appreciate the "strange, magnificent and extraordinary scenery".
Because the road is flat and the distance is short, there are more people visiting. The road is difficult, the distance is long, and few people come. The wonderful and magnificent scenery in the world is very unusual, but it often comes from hard and distant places where few people go.
Therefore, it is impossible to achieve without ideal people. With an ideal, you won't blindly follow others to stop, but if you don't have enough strength, you can't reach your destination.
If the author completely ignores the visit to the cave, does not write, but directly demonstrates, then the space jump is too big, which will inevitably cause readers' confusion; However, if the trip to Huashan, especially the trip to the cave, is detailed, it will inevitably flourish and usurp the host's role. Mr. Wang Anshi deserves to be an expert in planning the layout of articles. It's just that the phrase "the harder it is to get in, the more amazing it is" has taken over the wonders of the flower hole.
In addition, the author thinks of ancient books from the servant tablet, that is, there are many "people who can't tell stories" in historical experience. Therefore, the author emphasizes that scholars should "think deeply" and "take carefully". Reminiscent of Wang Anshi's life, his political reform movement embodies his "strong but not lazy" and Zongshen's strong support, that is, "everything is in phase"
Although the new law eventually failed because of the strong opposition of the die-hards, Wang Anshi was "a man who tried his best but couldn't come". He has no regrets and is not afraid of people's ridicule and discussion. The implementation of the new law also embodies Wang Anshi's spirit of "deliberation" and "prudence".
An article "A Journey to Baochan Mountain" feels that things will be extremely reversed, and it is probably falling. Although this article is a travelogue, it turned itself in and ended with a clue that the pavilion is more beautiful than the people of Sri Lanka. The traveler's mentality is vivid on the paper, and his inner feelings are shaped by pen and ink.
Of course, the author didn't write treasure toad, but the real "travel" and "writing" are less than half of the whole article. A considerable part of the space is for the author to express his feelings by visiting Huashan Cave.
Faced with this situation, what rises in my heart is the deepening emotion and reason of "thinking deeply" and "taking carefully", and the nature that comes out of my pen is mostly a portrayal of this mentality. Therefore, "A Passage to Baochan Mountain" can certainly be called a veritable masterpiece of travel notes, and it can also be called an excellent prose in which the author talks about his heart and Kan Kan.
Ambitious people, what they want to do, what their hearts are; Strong people, their own strength, others can not stop; Things are not innate things, but external resources. Therefore, strength and things are capital, one is internal and the other is external.
People who have a heart think; The thinker has a wish. Heartbeat, thinking, you want to live, you want to live.
Ambitious people, driven by ambition, advocate; A man without lofty aspirations will spend time all day without hesitation, then he will fail. People's strength is high or low, and there are many foreign things. More is joy, less is worry, and inhuman can do it.
But people's determination must first be based on ambition, supplemented by strength and material resources. If you are ambitious, you have wisdom.
Therefore, it is said that people with lofty aspirations are ambitious and beyond their power. If they long for it, they will become smart. It is often said that the world is fixed and cannot last long. One day is diligent, two days is sparse, and three days is almost impossible, but nothing can be done.
Look for reasons, or lack of strength, or things are not full. Is it really not enough? There is really no ambition.
Therefore, although there is determination and no wisdom, it is said that people who have no ambition always yearn for it. Ancient sages learned from others, and their resources were not thick, but they were determined to win.
It is not based on strength and material, but on the smell of chicken, so it becomes its ambition. However, what people today can't do is not because of lack of strength or lack of things, which is actually not solid.
6. You Baochan Mountain writes "Thinking" and "Following"
-thoughts on reading "a trip to baochan mountain"
The Travel Notes of Baochan is a travel note written by Wang Anshi, a politician and thinker in the Northern Song Dynasty, in the form of memoirs after he visited Baochan on his way home from his post in July of the same year. This travel book is based on facts, with narration and discussion. Many of the ideas expounded in it were not only valuable at that time, but also of far-reaching practical significance in today's society.
During his visit to Baochan Mountain, Wang Anshi talked about entering the cave. "People who are lazy and want to go out say,' If you don't go out, the fire will go out', so you follow." Later, I regretted it when I got out of the hole. "Because of it, I can't enjoy the trip." This passage deeply touched me. "
The crux of Wang Anshi's "no fun in swimming" lies in the word "from". This is also the truth that Han Yu said, "If you do it, you will think about it, and if you destroy it, you will follow it." It seems that in order to succeed, we must replace "following" with "thinking" and "think twice before you act".
Thinking helps people understand things, distinguish right from wrong and make correct decisions. Qu Yuan, a doctor of Chu in the Warring States Period, lived in an era of frequent wars. In the face of domestic political corruption, he actively proposed reforms. Although his ideas were opposed by conservative nobles, he decided to continue his struggle in order not to collude with corrupt forces, even though he was exiled. The poem "The world is turbid and I am alone, and everyone is drunk and I am alone" just shows that Qu Yuan is not willing to "go with the flow".
During the revolutionary war, Fang Zhimin, a native of * *, once wrote such a passage: "I don't want that gorgeous building, I'd rather live in a humble and damp hut;" ..... "In the face of rich material temptations, why can he be so persistent? The key lies in his deep thinking and ability to distinguish right from wrong. He knows that he is "fighting for the liberation of the people, the nation and the class", which is the lofty ideological realm of a capitalist.
We often encounter things that need to be judged, and sometimes we even choose between justice and injustice. At this time, people who make wrong choices often say that they are "people in the rivers and lakes, and they can't help themselves." But can't you really "rely on yourself"? Qu Yuan of Chu State and Fang Zhimin in modern times, contemporary young students have successfully defended their personality and dignity after thinking. Isn't it "self-improvement"?
The power of "thinking" is enormous. If you follow blindly without thinking, the result will not only fail to achieve the expected effect, but even go to the opposite side. King Henry VIII of England grew a long beard because of an ugly scar on his chin. Therefore, the ruling party and the opposition party played a role. Why does the king of England have a beard? Ministers did it without thinking. Others followed suit. As a result, they got a beard comparable to their respected king, but lost their true selves. The seventh paragraph puts forward a third argument from the opposite side. )
It seems that it is entirely up to you to decide whether to "think" or "follow", so the success or failure of the matter is in your own hands. If you don't blindly "follow", but think twice before you act, you can take many detours less.
7. The feeling of Baochan's trip: I am eager for "the feeling of traveling in the mountains". When Wang Anshi visited Baochan, a generation of writers expressed the relationship between ambition, strength and material things here.
Life is a process of decision and realization. With will, we can go on; Only with strength can we go on; With things, we can make the road of ambition smoother.
For those who "try their best but can't come", I think they "can have no regrets"! As long as you try your best, even if you really can't climb the dangerous peak and enjoy the beautiful scenery, why care? Only Rainbow Anshi himself, he tried to reform. He wants to change the people's existing miserable life, but there are too many people who hinder him and he has too few "things". Although he used many methods and worked hard, he still failed. But even so, I think he can have no regrets.
It is not only oneself who can write the ending, but also foreign things. History does not judge heroes by success or failure. Who can laugh at a person who "does his best"? Life is like a mountain peak. Some people reach the sky from birth, while others may have to struggle all their lives to reach the mountainside.
But don't start to slack off because of foreign things and lament the injustice of fate. Even if the external things are different and make you different from others, this is by no means a reason for you to blame others and give up on yourself.
Because you are the only one who can make a decision! Just like in this article, there is such a person who is regarded as "the person who wants to go out". He said alone, the torch is going out, so get out.
So others followed, and when he really came out, some people began to accuse him, and even Wang Anshi began to regret it. Maybe that man is a little slack, lazy and timid, but it's not all his fault.
If you really want to go in and continue playing, you can play with a torch! And if you have been slack, others will point it out, and you will accept and give up. This is influenced by people around you, even foreign objects, but more of it is your own fault! Society is a big dye vat, some people can get rid of mud and stick to it, and some people go with the flow.
I don't think anyone knows why! Life goes on, so does the struggle! On our way forward, ambition and strength come from ourselves and are still under control. But things are difficult to manage and unpredictable.
Maybe the environment is different, the things you touch are different, and even what you originally wanted and tried to achieve will change. So, be firm in your goals! Open up a pure land in your heart, leaving only ambition and strength, let them settle down and grow up well, and don't drift from place to place.
For the help of foreign things, I was lucky and lost my life. Believe in yourself, practice your ability and rush to the peak of your life.
8. After reading Baodi Mountain [after reading Baodi Mountain] Original address: After reading Baodi Mountain: I really love you. Reflections on the Interpretation of Treasure Toad Mountain. Wang Anshi's Reading Treasure Toad Mountain is a book of learning from a small point of view, which expounds the truth of learning to swim in the mountain: first, it opposes giving up halfway and advocates in-depth exploration, and analyzes "second, it opposes hearsay, spreads false information, and advocates tracing back to the source, thinking carefully and taking it carefully." Although these two points are only academic research, they reflect Wang Anshi's indomitable and innovative ideological style and still have guiding significance today. Wang Anshi said in his travel notes: The ancients looked at heaven and earth, mountains and rivers, plants, insects, fish, birds and animals. The road is difficult and the distance is long, so few people come. The wonderful and magnificent scenery in the world is very unusual, but it often comes from places that are hard and far away and rarely visited by people. Therefore, people without ideals can't achieve it. With their ideals, they don't blindly follow the stagnation of others, and go to places where they can't see the road clearly and can't reach their destinations without external help, but they can reach their destinations completely. Heart and soul, still can't reach the destination, can't regret it. Who can laugh at me? No matter what you do, big or small, as long as you put your heart into it, you will succeed. As for the result, that's another matter. Wang, who is known as the "Oriental Deer", read "Bao Chan Shan Jutu". He is the world champion in the 5000m Olympic Games and wants to run10000m. "We can only try our best to do everything we can, but the result is beyond our control. Just like literary creation, Ma Qingzhou said in some newspapers: "Writing is the first success, and whether it is published or not is the second success. "Why do you say that? Many things in the world can't be judged by success or failure. Some things may seem successful today, but they may fail tomorrow. Some things seem to fail today, but they will succeed tomorrow. How to judge a hero by success? Is Yue Fei a winner or a loser? Is Qu Yuan a winner or a loser? The Great Wall of Wan Li was evil in the Qin Dynasty, and today it is the symbol of the Chinese nation. If the Great Wall had such a high honor at that time, how dare Meng Jiangnv "cry down" the 800-mile Great Wall? Success or failure is beyond our personal expectations and decisions. We should have a successful direction, work hard in this direction, find out the truth and essence of the matter, then consider the reasonable composition of these things, which should be absorbed and which should be abandoned, and recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain, so that we can climb to the top of the mountain step by step and finally reach the top of the mountain and enjoy unlimited scenery! Nowadays, many of us often stop at career difficulties or believe what others say. Others say that grapes are sour and dare not taste them again. How can I know the taste of grapes? It is not impossible to listen to others' words, but after listening to them, we should analyze and speculate to see if there are any reasonable places and exaggerated elements. In the fable "Pony Crossing the River", the pony met a squirrel when crossing the river, saying that the river is extremely deep, so don't cross the river; The pony met an old cow again. The old cow told the pony that the river was too shallow and could only be wet to the feet. The pony didn't listen to them and tried it himself. The result is that the river is not as deep as the squirrel said, nor as shallow as the old cow said. If the pony doesn't go to the source, how will he know how deep the river is? One thing to know the truth is to try it yourself. [Comment on "Journey to Baochan Mountain"] Essay: Everything in this world is done by hope. The farmer will not peel off a corn if he never wants it to grow into a seed; A bachelor will never get married if he never wants to have children; A businessman will not go to work if he doesn't expect to make a profit from it.