-the use of Tang poetry and Song poetry in popular songs in recent years.

"The application of Tang poetry and Song poetry in popular songs" is not a new academic topic. Many careful people have done professional research on the application of Tang poetry and Song poetry, so repeating any theory will inevitably fall into the trap of platitudes. I want to study pop songs in music this year, so the scope of this paper has been narrowed. First, the main research object is the songs of pop music in recent two years. Secondly, the additional research objects are male singers from Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland China. Singers and songs are inseparable, just as poets and poems are inseparable. In addition, when it comes to "retro songs", the concept of retro in this article is different from the current retro clothing and retro makeup. I want to know why the style elements of European courts are called the "retro" art of our nation among the current fashion elements. No matter right or wrong, the "retro songs" I mentioned are all songs with an antique feeling.

Nowadays, a group of talented young male singers who can write and write always write a few classical songs to show off their classical literature. That's exactly what happened. It is better to write a beautiful and numb vernacular word than to write a few classical lyrics. After all, it is the essence and classic of China culture. Compared with a number of popular songs such as the legendary swordsman's theme song "Laughing at the Sea" which became popular with costume dramas in previous decades, these new songs, which combine the characteristics of the new era, new emotional content and new emotional expressions, show new vitality. Because those who wrote lyrics in those days were almost middle-aged experts who were familiar with the ancient rhyme of poetry, and a group of modern cutting-edge singers often used classicism to increase their emotional effects. Creating modern pop songs in the form of classical poetry, on the one hand, makes ci inherit the refined and reserved expression method of traditional poetry language. On the other hand, there is no doubt that there are preconceived shortcuts in theme expression. Whether it's feelings for home or children, classical poetry often has the function of combining language with emotion. So modern singers probably found this "shortcut" and began to splash classical ink. So there is a public opinion orientation that "a singer must have a variety of creative styles to be called a genius singer". But they pay more attention to the beauty of words, that is, the artistic effect of lyrics.

There are still some differences between the adaptation of Tang Poetry and Song Poetry by Hong Kong and Taiwan pop songs and that of Chinese mainland pop songs. In the 1990s, for example, "the penetration rate of classical poetry in popular songs in Hong Kong is obviously higher than that in Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province Province, which may also be related to the prevalence of classical martial arts dramas and historical dramas in Hong Kong. On the other hand, it pays great attention to the infiltration of Cantonese culture, and most of the lyrics are written in Cantonese dialect. Cantonese itself is called vernacular, and its language method is similar to classical Chinese, so many works by Hong Kong lyricists are often vulgar and elegant. Looking at Taiwan Province Province again, Taiwan Province Province's lyrics creation pays more attention to modern texts and affairs, but it also happens to be the main material of many old poems. " Therefore, due to the differences in cultural atmosphere and background, the songs of Hong Kong, Taiwan and the mainland must be studied separately. However, I will not separate the works of the two places for the time being, because the transformation of Tang poetry and Song poetry by mainland songs or Hong Kong and Taiwan songs cannot be separated from several basic transformation methods. So I pulled out some popular works to be cool first.

First of all, some popular songs are the direct application of Tang poetry and Song poetry. I define it as "poetry" Nowadays, there are not many popular songs in which singers directly quote poems. The lyricists of the older generation will directly compose the whole poem, thus producing a series of theme songs of costume dramas. However, at present, it is not popular to compose whole poems, because poetry itself has certain times and traditional colors. The composing behavior of the whole poem does not reflect the talent of the lyricist, it is just a good melody. Therefore, singers often choose to add charm with one or several poems that echo the feelings to be expressed in the song. Take the magpie fairy of Flower Band as an example:

But I feel the harmonious heartbeat like a sacred unicorn/I only want to be a mandarin duck, but I don't envy immortals/I want to be together forever/I want to die like a spring silkworm/I want you to be less beautiful than spring/I sigh that it is the most difficult for people in the world to know you/The heartless beauty in flowing water is interested in/disagrees with you/The birds in the tree are in pairs/The mountains and rivers are green/Who am I thinking about/The wildflowers on the roadside are ignored/I only hope that the magpies will be held together/

The Wall Band is a young band that can "play" in Chinese mainland. It is generally believed that they can do it. They also wrote the lyrics of this song. More like a patchwork, to be exact. Last night's star, last night's wind, the west of the studio, the east of Guixiangtang. Although my body doesn't have bright phoenix wings, I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn. "From Li Shangyin" Untitled ". Also written by Li Shangyin is Untitled: "Time passed long before I met her, but after we parted, the time became longer, and the east wind started and a hundred flowers blossomed. Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night. " In addition, there is Gao Shi's Don't Move Big: "Huang Yun, thousands of miles away, shines in the daytime, and the north wind blows geese and snow one after another. Mochow has no confidant in the road ahead, and no one in the world knows you. " These ancient emotional famous sentences were spelled into a rhyme by them. Actually, it's not difficult. Most of the poems expressing feelings in ancient poetry are beautiful, vague and euphemistic. Adding a word and subtracting a word can easily clear the meaning, and adding a word and subtracting a word seems to reduce the deep love for the poem itself. After all, without the acceptance and echo of the feelings in the original poem, the charm of the poem lacks a background or atmosphere, so all that is left in this song is their meaning and a little classical atmosphere. So in my opinion, the lyrics of this song are not literary and artistic, but the music is well matched.

Similarly, poetry is also useful. Last year, a famous song "Lonely Shazhou Cold" was highly sung because of Su Shi's "Bu Operator". Who saw you alone? Fuzzy and lonely. At night, it suddenly becomes afraid, suddenly flies and comes back frequently, but no one always understands its infinite inner feelings. I refuse to pick up all the cold branches. The lonely sandbar is cold. "But in the hands of Steve Chou, the coldness of Lonely Sand Beach is no longer Su Shi's frustration, but the origin of the world of mortals. It doesn't sound strange, but it is just right. Zhou named "Lonely Shazhou Cold" as the song title, which shows the function of this sentence "making the finishing point".

Secondly, some popular songs are indirect uses of Tang poetry and Song poetry, which I define as "change of mind". The so-called "melting meaning" means that the song itself does not have too many or even a poem, but its atmosphere and environment are in a classical environment, full of classical charm. In this way, many songs have changed their meaning. One of my favorite songs recently is Jay Chou's new song Blue and White Porcelain, which is a classical genre. Let's look at the lyrics first:

The green embryo outlines the peony depicted on the blue-and-white pen/bottle, which looks like your first makeup/Ran Ran sandalwood is clear through the window/the pen on the rice paper has been put aside for half/the charm of the glazed lady has been hidden/your charming smile is like a bud/your beauty floats where I can't go/the sky is high and the clouds are light, and I am waiting for you/the smoke rises thousands of miles across the river/Han Li imitates the elegance of the previous dynasty at the bottom of the bottle. It's blue and I'm waiting for you to salvage in the moonlight, and the ending is dizzy/like blue and white porcelain handed down from generation to generation, and your eyes are beautiful/When glistening koi fish jumped to the bottom of the bowl/copied the genre, she remembered the secret of you/you hiding in the kiln for thousands of years/extremely delicate, like an embroidered needle landing/a banana outside the curtain provoked a shower and a knocker provoked greenery/and I passed by a small town in the south of the Yangtze River to provoke you/splashed ink in a landscape painting.

Many people like this song as much as I do. In fact, most of Jay Chou's songs were written by Mr. Fang Gang, whose talent can be clearly seen by using the words of this song alone. His lyrics are often beautiful. Where is the beauty? First of all, many beautiful things are used in the lyrics. These colors may be bright or elegant, but they will never cause any problem of "color vision conflict". Take this song for example, the colors in your mind are nothing more than cyan, gray, uranium, copper green and black ink. These colors are actually very harmonious in Chinese painting, so beauty comes from this. Secondly, the thinking of lyrics often jumps. You may not understand the meaning just by reading the sentence, unknown so. Let's talk about this scene for a while, and then talk about the man. The beauty of the sentence "The sky is blue, I am waiting for you" lies in the combination of man and nature. In addition, a large number of rhetoric, metaphor and exaggeration make his words outline a picture, and the melody of music itself has the function of making people subconsciously imagine, so rich things fill the listener's mind. Many people who have heard this song can draw such a picture at the beginning of "Whatever You Want": "An encounter in a corner of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River", and a love story between a classical beauty and a scholar naturally comes.

There are also some popular songs that make historical use of the background of Tang poetry and Song poetry, which I define as "historic". The so-called "history of change", what history of change? There are many things that can be quoted in history: things that are intrigued by hegemony and power; There are countless well-known folk customs. There are many people who can sing and dance well in history, such as the loneliness of the emperor, the wisdom of the emperor, and the enthusiasm of the emperor; The loyalty, ambition and affection of courtiers are cultural treasures excavated for hundreds of years. Therefore, "transforming history" is divided into two aspects: "transforming people" and "transforming things". One of Yu Quan's songs is called Xin Qiji for a long time, but it is obviously not as famous as their other works. Don't say why, look at the text:

Watching the sword after drinking/blowing the horn after dreaming/bowing like a bow/being shocked by the wind and rain/how to swallow Wan Li like a tiger/laughing at everything in the world/how to forget the cold winter and ice autumn/laughing after drinking/Lian Po is not happy/where to see China/the endless rolling of the Yangtze River/how many things have gone up and down through the ages/who is the hero in the world?

Sentences like "Jade Case", "Broken Array" and "Happy Forever" can be seen everywhere. In fact, it is Xin Qiji's collection of words, which is better than the previous words of the Huaer Band. It is called "Xin Qiji" to reflect Xin Qiji's personality characteristics. Generally speaking, the choice of these words is not bad, and the meaning cohesion is not bad, just like Xin Qiji's character. The last sentence, "neither an emperor nor an emperor nor a monarch nor the weather", is both a bleak ending of life and a calm and heroic ending. However, it is not fun to compose music simply by poetry, because it is too straightforward, without the charm and thinking space of music. It feels good after listening to it, but after listening to it several times, it feels meaningless.

Look at Tao Zhe's "Looking at the Spring Breeze" again: being alone at night in the first light/blowing the breeze/unmarried at the age of seventeen or eighteen/thinking of a teenager's family/really handsome and white/thinking of whose children/thinking of the bad situation of not saying hello/playing the lute in my heart/who said that a woman's heart is hard to guess/ungrateful/flowers need to be picked directly/youth is the cutest/selling flowers/love and hate are more comfortable/just because life is gone forever.

It is not difficult to see that the word describes the pure and shy throb of the girl in the flower season. The most wonderful sentence is "If you don't want to say hello, just play the pipa in your heart", which is full of the feeling of "When you, my love, ride on a bamboo horse, you will get a childhood in your idle bed" and the rhyme of "Rise in the East and fall in the West, Tao is ruthless and affectionate". The phrase "flowers must be picked straight" originally came from the poem "Jin Lu Qu" by Du Qiuniang, an anonymous poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Advise you not to cherish gold clothes, and advise you to cherish youth. Flowers can be folded straight, don't wait until there are no flowers. " Du Qiuniang is trying to persuade Zi Xue to make time. Now in Tao Caizi's songs, it is obvious that he expresses women's youth by killing time. I hope these shy and passive girls can become active emotionally and have the psychological color of women's independence in the new era. "Sell your own flowers and wear them yourself. Love and hate are more comfortable, just because life will not come back. Why not let go? " Is to boldly continue to write about the fate of these girls.

In the hands of these new pop stars, poetry has given them inspiration, and they have also given poetry new vitality and connotation. Comparing the works of singers from Hong Kong and Taiwan, there are still great differences.

Since the end of last century, Hongkong and Taiwan Province have produced a group of poets with strong literary skills. Huang Jiansheng, the lyricist of the song Laughing at the Sea, and Deng, the lyricist of The Legend of the Condor Heroes, are both very popular poets. With the increasing popularity of rap music and "Zhou-style" music, these words of the older generation can't top the pop charts. Talented people come out of the country. In the era of the new generation of singers, these talented musicians from Hong Kong and Taiwan have not forgotten the essence of Chinese studies while becoming popular. Unlike the older generation of poets, they know that their literary skills cannot be compared with those of the older generation of poets. At the same time, under the influence of popular elements, the shadows of Tang poetry and Song poetry in popular songs are no longer so obvious, but more, and poets pay attention to the shaping of meaning. Jay Chou's "Hair Like Snow" creates a subtle and beautiful artistic conception: the ear of the moon languishes/I drink a glass until the snow runs out/Who knocked over the front cabinet and caused the dust/Fate formula: after several cycles, you can't call back your eyebrows/Even though the long river of history turns into dust, I love it/I am as prosperous as three thousand east waters/I only take a spoonful of love/I only love the butterfly you incarnate/… You are like snow and tears, who am I waiting for?

Secondly, in recent years, popular songs in Hong Kong and Taiwan have made more flexible use of Tang poetry and Song poetry, which is no longer like writing poems, but more colloquial and ethereal. On the one hand, colloquialism makes the lyrics more popular, on the other hand, the lyrics are not superficial, but enhance the jumping of the content, just like setting a veil for the feelings to be expressed, so the expression of feelings is more euphemistic and fashionable. The old song "Iron Blood and Red Hearts": vaguely like a dream/surging with emotion/putting aside the sorrow in the world/accompanying the world/chasing grass everywhere/boundless desert/where are you afraid of ice and snow/shooting a bow/galloping beyond the Great Wall/smiling proudly. . . . . . You know, love is like running water and looks like poetry; There are also modern songs, such as JJ Lin's Cao Cao: If you are not a hero and don't study the Three Kingdoms, how can you be a hero and not understand loneliness? Walking down the long slope alone, the moonlight is too gentle. . . Apart from rhyming, it's not like poetry anymore.

In addition, a large number of popular songs in Hong Kong and Taiwan are also used for love songs. Unlike the lyricists of the older generation, most people in that generation, like the lyricist of My China Heart, are passionate about patriotism and homesickness. Nowadays, singers no longer express their love for national literature as naked as their love songs, but as euphemistically as Li Shangyin's untitled poems. You Hongming, a singer from Taiwan Province Province, euphemistically expressed his feelings in "Tired Birds Flowers": Snowflakes are raining along the way/I feel sad and speechless/I can still wear clothes in cold weather/I have a heart disease but it is difficult to see a doctor/I have tears when tobacco is depressed/I am strong again/I moved out of the street yesterday/I left traces today/Why are you so quiet/I wake up old dreams every day/I am attached to sweet fragrance/I am entangled in an unintentional sleep/we seem to be tired of young people. It is not enough for male singers to express their love with youthful breath. In some songs that express their musical aspirations and positive attitude towards life, they will also borrow the words of the ancients. Just like Tiger Hu's Beauty, he seems to be turning himself into a handsome knight, expecting a smile from a beauty, not a beauty.

As the foundation of Chinese studies, the most prominent feature of Chinese mainland's retro songs in recent years is that they are more integrated into the national quintessence-drama.

Gao Jin's new song "Lotus Pavilion" just came out like this: Before the flowers in March, it was between the lake and the pipa, who made love and who sang poems/The reflection of the ancient courtyard was in the landscape/Falling flowers floated/Your laughter was drunk/The moon was gone/Watching the moon made you miss it too much/The flowers were too fragrant or made me miss it/Time seemed to stay in this year/(Peking Opera) It left me homesickness and tears when I sang wine. Jiang Nanyu, my tears fell on my heart/I was alone on the broken bridge that night/I was greeted by flying willows/my heart was a little dizzy/… I had a thousand times with Meng Juan/I hope I can stay with you all my life/fly with me/

In addition, Vision Wei's Journey to Youth has the same effect: Miss/Touching my heartstrings when the piano is faint/I look forward to meeting each other/I put a paper kite in front of her door every day/I accidentally meet all the iron shoes in a sea of people/I am destined to fall into your brow in an instant/(Beijing Opera) beautiful boy/entanglements planted in previous lives/red line of marriage/inviting you to die * *

The similarity between these two songs shows another new feature of Chinese mainland's popular retro songs: the scenes of the songs are mostly stories of beautiful women and talented people in the south of the Yangtze River. After all, that is the beautiful effect that the singer wants, mountains, waters and beauties. The voices of pipa, flute and guzheng were added to the songs, which became a catalyst to strengthen the classical atmosphere.

Different from Hong Kong and Taiwan singers, mainland singers are more like inner scholars who have read a lot of poetry books, while Hong Kong and Taiwan singers are mostly passionate and romantic talents. Inner show has the advantages of inner show, which is implicit and not exaggerated. Recently, the words written by a new original singer are quite innovative. He is estimated to be in his twenties. Out of his love for literature, especially his rich imagination and innovation, he wrote a number of songs called Palace. Then, I thought of the name "Hou Xian". He wrote a song called "Kunming Lake": Spring has gone and spring has come and forgotten 3,000 miles/Kunming sent the lake to meet the rain/Wrong Su Causeway/Light and Shadow Thin Lake threw a piece of green/newly torn Xiaocui satin/Wrong Spring came to the United States/Kunming Seventeen Sentences/Poetry is crowded/Yuncha Samui and other water invitations/Twenty cents of spring is in the middle of the lake/Don't say anything/Keep your peace in mind. But this word is a bit "floating" and can't grasp the core. What feelings does the poet want to express? Listening to music seems to require a lot of insight. Therefore, if it is too obscure, it will inevitably be the same as the next batch of articles that groan without illness.

In fact, music and poetry used to be very close, but with their independent development and maturity, the conflict between "sound" and "meaning" gradually intensified. "The poet thinks that the melody of music score may restrict the free expression of language. A perfect poem often resists the bondage of music, and those second-rate poems are more likely to belong to music. Real poetry chooses language. Especially after the social history has become increasingly complex and the language system for expressing human consciousness has become increasingly rich, getting rid of the shackles of temperament has become an increasingly strong desire in the development of poetry. " ("Technology, Machinery and Lyric Form"-Professor Nan Fan's Speech at East China Normal University) From this point of view, it is often difficult to write classic words of popular songs, because poets should not only retain the original aesthetic feeling of poetry, but also consider whether it is suitable for melody. The most important thing is that songs cannot restrain the emotional catharsis brought by poetry. Otherwise, poetry is not like poetry, and music is not like music. Therefore, looking at the music scene, I personally feel that Hong Kong and Taiwan are better at using antiques.

The same is the idea of writing family members, comparing Jay Chou's "Lady" with the work "September" by a new singer in Chinese mainland;

Lady: A pot of good wine, a bowl of hot porridge, a few catties of beef/I said the store is full of silver/autumn scenery is cool/Saibei Inn is crowded. Is my horse a little thin/does the world see through the ebb and flow of rivers and lakes? Still sad and heartbroken after many years/My wife is waiting for me in Jiangnan/She is silent with tears/My wife still breaks a willow every day/At the estuary outside the village/.

September: It's getting cold/the leaves are falling yellow all over the ground/How many melancholy leaves can't be blown away/What happened to the autumn wind/Chrysanthemums in September/Flying geese in the south/How many thoughts can't be taken away/Flowers are drunk in the shadows/Climbing high on September 9th/Where are my brothers/It's cold in other places/Who's around/

There is no difference between the two, but Zhou's ci is more touching because he depicts a rich scene. The advantages of "Niangzi" are the same as the characteristics of Song Ci, which pays more attention to the expression of inner feelings, rather than simply using scenes to express feelings classically. Although there is little material and delicate feelings in The Lady, the details make the words more real, and the more real the words are, the more listeners can hear them. But "September" only uses autumn scenery to express lovesickness, which seems a bit conventional.

The penetration of Hong Kong and Taiwan pop songs into classical poetry obviously exceeds that of Chinese mainland. There is a saying on the Internet: "This may also be related to the prevalence of classical martial arts dramas and historical dramas in Hong Kong. On the other hand, it pays great attention to the infiltration of Cantonese culture, and most of the lyrics are based on Cantonese sentence-making. Cantonese itself is also called vernacular, and its language method is very similar to classical Chinese, so many works by Hong Kong lyricists are often vulgar and elegant. However, it must also be admitted that many poets in Hong Kong have a deep understanding of ancient culture. From their works, we can see a lot of allusions, and even use the writing method of Tang poetry and Song poetry to regulate creation. " In short, the background and atmosphere give Hong Kong and Taiwan the most dynamic development space.

At present, the mainland has not caught up with Hong Kong and Taiwan very quickly, and the reasons are very complicated. As far as the infiltration of ancient poetry is concerned, in my opinion, there are several simple points: First, mainland poets themselves are mostly young singers. Although they can write by themselves, at least their writing style is good, when it comes to ancient learning, both donkeys and horses have to walk, but not all of them walk well. Many people want to go, but they can't write. What should we do? If we can only "engage", we will have the vernacular "Dalian String of Ancient Poems". This in itself reduces the value of art, and a group of people in Hong Kong and Taiwan can write. Many singers don't write by themselves. There are many poets' support groups, and poets have high entertainment spirit. They like to add their own lyrics to pop music. On the mainland, it is estimated that people who can write poetry will disdain it and think that it is nothing but concentrating on creation.

Besides, singers from Hong Kong and Taiwan are very romantic. This may be related to their living atmosphere. The integration of foreign culture and modern life makes many words both classical and modern romantic. Take the words of Jay Chou's famous song "Direct Answer": A solitary lamp stands in front of the window/I pretend that you haven't left the door/the old place is more lonely like revisiting the full moon/the candlelight waking up in the middle of the night can't bear to criticize me/a pot of wine is wandering in the end of the world/the memory of wine is warm and thin after you left/how the time when water flowed eastward was stolen/I miss it/who answered directly on the pipa? Now the piano is weak, I'm waiting for you. Haven't you heard/who plays a straight answer/maple leaf on the pipa to dye the ending of the story? I have seen through the ancient road outside the fence/even the parting is silent in the barren years/although it is antique, isn't there a modern romantic atmosphere in the sentences "I led you through the ancient road outside the fence" and "Even the parting is silent in the barren years"?

However, what is popular is not necessarily good. We have to admit that there are also a number of excellent works that have been strangled by distorted public opinion at the starting line of fashion. After all, the popular retro songs that we widely sing today have their own merits, so apart from their personal opinions, these young male singers have passed on the old Chinese studies in a popular way, no matter whether they play well or not, they are at least valuable. Historically, our ancestors always didn't want the fruits of their labor to be "encouraged by pulling out seedlings" or "ignored" that we couldn't eat vegetables raw, and relying on science and technology to make some "vegetables" also had new nutrition.