The second defense is not strict, which is related to the teacher of the second defense. Some teachers are strict, while others are not.
The second defense failed. You can graduate after the second defense. If the second defense fails, you need to postpone graduation.
At present, college graduation thesis is a basic prerequisite for college students to graduate.
Many people have questioned why universities, especially undergraduate graduates, need to write papers. In addition, some schools have tried not to require students to write papers when they graduate from college. Later, they found that this greatly reduced the quality of students' training, so they persisted.
University graduation thesis is a summary of what college students have learned in four years. It is also a basic paradigm of academic research on the cultivation of college students. In a sense, it is of great benefit to the improvement of teaching quality.