Driven by the magnificent wave of surveying and mapping system reform, the scientific and technological information work of surveying and mapping has made great progress. This is a 3000-word paper on surveying and mapping technology compiled by me for your reference only!

Digital Earth and the Development of Modern Surveying and Mapping Technology

[Abstract] On the basis of in-depth analysis of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology, this paper expounds the development of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology in detail for the discussion of peers.

[Keywords:] Digital Earth Modern Surveying and Mapping Technology

[China Library Classification Number] P2 [Document Code] C [Contribution Number]1000-405x (2013)-2-11

Introduction to 0

The so-called digital earth refers to a virtual earth system with multi-resolution massive data and multi-dimensional display based on earth coordinates. The digital earth is considered as "a three-dimensional multi-resolution representation of the earth, which can hold a large amount of geographic data". Modern surveying and mapping technology is based on computer technology, photoelectric technology, network communication technology, space science and information science. With the continuous improvement of the global positioning system, it takes the global positioning system, remote sensing and geographic information system as the technical core, and obtains the graphic and position information reflecting the present situation of the ground by measuring the original feature points and boundaries on the ground, which is used for the planning, design and administrative management of engineering construction, thus creating favorable conditions for social production and development. With the development of science and technology, various technologies and theories have made great progress in various fields and industries of current society, and a large number of advanced technologies and theories have emerged, including the current digital earth and surveying and mapping technology. With the application of a large number of advanced technologies and theories in digital earth and surveying and mapping technology, the level of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology has been greatly improved, laying a solid foundation for social and economic development. However, as far as the actual situation of digital earth and mapping technology is concerned, there are still some serious problems, which not only affect the development of digital earth and mapping technology, but also restrict the development of social economy.

Based on the development of modern surveying and mapping, this paper deeply analyzes the digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology, and expounds the development of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology in detail. I hope it can play a role in attracting jade, let colleagues discuss and improve each other, and then play a certain role in promoting the development of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology in China.

1 Modern Development of Surveying and Mapping

With the development of society, the ability of human beings to transform nature is constantly improving, and people urgently need to deepen their understanding of the earth in order to better transform nature and promote the sustainable development of human society.

Surveying and mapping is an important means for human beings to understand nature and the earth. With the development of surveying and mapping, people's understanding of the earth has also been greatly improved. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of computer technology, the application of computer technology in the field of surveying and mapping is increasing, which further improves the level of modern surveying and mapping. China is a vast country with a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers. Using modern surveying and mapping to map our country can greatly shorten the construction period, thus liberating a large number of labor and effectively saving costs.

Today, optical cable communication, satellite communication and digital multimedia network technology can make surveying and mapping products change from single paper information to electronic information such as disks and CDs, and the distribution of products changes from single postal route to "circuit" (digital communication and computer network fax). With the support of information technology, the form of surveying and mapping products and the way of serving the society have undergone tremendous changes, realizing the development of informationization. At present, with the rapid development of China's economy and the reform of economic ownership and management system, it is necessary to open civil national surveying and mapping products; Technically, satellite geodesy technology in western countries can make maps with the resolution of 1m (equivalent to the scale of1:10000) almost anywhere in the world, and GPS on satellites can bring such maps into the global reference frame and convert them into the national coordinate system, so the safety value of national maps with small and medium scales has been greatly reduced. For military sensitive gravity data, the low-order global gravity field model developed by satellite gravity technology is enough for them to launch long-range strategic missiles.

2 Digital Earth and Modern Surveying and Mapping

All events on the earth take place in a certain spatial location, and most of the information (about 80%) needed by human social and economic activities is related to geographical location. Of the 62 priority development projects in China's 2 1 century agenda, about 40 need to establish or apply geographic information systems. Digital Earth is a comprehensive information model that uses massive geographic information (i.e. geospatial data) to describe the Earth in a multi-resolution and three-dimensional way, which is convenient for human beings to enjoy and rationally use information resources to the maximum extent, and provides a new means for human beings to understand, transform and protect the Earth. Here, the frame function of geographical coordinates is highlighted in the concept of digital earth, so NSDI is the infrastructure of digital earth. It is required to provide (earth) spatial data framework, including geodetic control framework (national positioning network and gravity control network), digital orthophoto, digital elevation model, roads, water systems, administrative boundaries, public cadastre and other basic geographic data sets. On this framework, all kinds of necessary and interesting human information such as natural information of the earth and human social and economic activities are loaded. Providing the above-mentioned geospatial data framework for the digital earth is the "full-time" of the surveying and mapping industry itself, but it also puts forward higher technical requirements for surveying and mapping.

3 Measurement and Geospatial Informatics

In the first part of this paper, we discuss the development trend of modern surveying and mapping under the impetus of new technological progress.

From the perspective of modern information theory, surveying and mapping is essentially a subject about geospatial information. Traditional surveying and mapping is limited by ground surveying technology, space-time scale, accuracy level and investment, and its products are mainly single topographic maps and thematic maps compiled on the basis of topographic maps. It cannot reflect, at least in time, the changes of the earth's surface morphology, especially the large-scale and global changes. Its products have a long production cycle, which can no longer meet the needs of the rapid development of regional economy and global economy. Information technology has accelerated the running speed of human society.

Surveying and mapping should be a subject that provides information on the natural environment and its changes in human living space, and its subject connotation has undergone tremendous changes. Therefore, how to define the meaning of surveying and mapping has become a concern of surveying and mapping workers all over the world. So from the 1990s, surveying and mapping was changed into a new word in the world to accurately reflect the nature of the discipline, and the term "Geography" came into being. Subsequently, the formulation of geo-informatics became a hot topic in the academic circles of China, mainly in the geoscience. Due to different understanding of its meaning, its Chinese translation is also varied. Now it is basically accepted to translate it into "geospatial informatics". No matter how people understand the meaning of geographic information science, according to the standard definition of ISO and the definition of "Surveying and Mapping" by the International Federation of Surveying and Mapping (IUSM), their meanings are basically similar, but geographic information science involves a wider range of geospatial information. Geographic information science more accurately describes the position and role of surveying and mapping in the modern information society, and adapts to the huge demand for geospatial information in modern society, thus developing and perfecting the research and work field of surveying and mapping, in line with the reality of modern surveying and mapping development.

4 conclusion

The application of these surveying and mapping technologies and theories has effectively improved the level of modern surveying and mapping technology and laid a solid foundation for helping people understand the earth and promote economic development. Through the in-depth analysis of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology, and the detailed elaboration of the development of digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology, I believe readers will have a deeper understanding of it.

In a word, digital earth and modern surveying and mapping technology are important means to promote social development. Therefore, in order to further improve the level of modern surveying and mapping, it is necessary to increase its analysis and research.

How to Promote the Rapid Development of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Technology

Abstract: The Twelfth Five-Year Plan period has pointed out the direction for the development of China's surveying and mapping geographic information, namely, building a digital China, monitoring geographical conditions, developing and expanding industries, and building a surveying and mapping power. The party meeting just held clearly pointed out that it is necessary to build a beautiful China and realize the simultaneous development of hardware and software in China. Surveying and mapping geographic information technology should scientifically plan the blueprint of China's surveying and mapping geographic information development according to social development trends and economic development trends, enrich surveying and mapping geographic information resources, increase development efforts, accelerate the pace of independent innovation, improve the information security system, improve infrastructure construction, and give full play to the role of surveying and mapping in national information construction.

[Keywords:] Development of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Technology

[China Library Classification Number] P2 [Document Code] B [Document Number]1000-405x (2013)-3-11

Introduction to 0

Surveying and mapping is the premise of national economic, cultural construction and social development, and it is the basic component of a national geographic information industry. It provides all kinds of thematic and comprehensive basic information related to geographical location for national economic construction and social development, and its results are essential basic information for resource investigation, environmental monitoring, farmland construction, energy, transportation, water conservancy and other large-scale engineering construction, urban and rural planning and construction, land development and utilization, monitoring and forecasting of major disasters and scientific research, national defense construction and national macro-management decision-making. From the early 1980s, the surveying and mapping industry began to transform the traditional surveying and mapping means and production technology, and carried out basic research and applied research such as digital mapping, computer-aided mapping, map database, geographic information system (GIS), satellite laser ranging (SLR), global positioning system (GPS) and remote sensing (RS). Although China's surveying and mapping industry has made great progress, there is a big gap between the overall technical level and the international advanced level of surveying and mapping, which is far from meeting the needs of national economic construction and social development. This is mainly manifested in: some key technical problems of digital surveying and mapping technology system have not been solved, and a complete digital surveying and mapping production technology system has not yet been formed; The situation of slow surveying and mapping production, long updating period, single product form and low map printing quality has not been fundamentally changed; The basic theory of surveying and mapping is weak, especially in remote sensing, geographic information system, cartography and other fields, which seriously affects the further development of technology; The comprehensive development and application level of surveying and mapping information is low, the integration of surveying and mapping high-tech is still in its infancy, and its competitiveness in the international market is weak. The international cooperation research on global issues needs to be further expanded. This paper puts forward the following suggestions on how to promote the development of surveying and mapping geographic information science and technology in China.

1 Actively promote the construction of basic geographic information resources

First, using new technologies and new processes, we will strengthen the optimization and upgrading of basic geographic information systems and actively carry out the construction of various thematic databases at all levels. Put the update of basic geographic information in a more prominent position, study and establish the update mechanism of basic geographic information under the new situation and new technology, speed up the pace of information update, and effectively improve the status quo of basic geographic information. The second is to strengthen the integration of basic geographic information resources at all levels, actively promote the information sharing between surveying and mapping departments at all levels and between surveying and mapping departments and related departments, and realize the integrated application of basic geographic information data with different data sources, types and scales. The third is to form a basic geographic information sharing platform with hierarchical management, unified standards, complete categories and interconnection between the central and local surveying and mapping departments as soon as possible, so as to create more favorable conditions for the rapid transmission and full utilization of basic geographic information in surveying and mapping departments.

2. Innovative thinking, leading the transformation and development of surveying and mapping geographic information with new ideas.

Surveying and mapping geographic information people are brave in practice, innovation, and raising flags and swords, and put forward a 24-word overall strategy, which has become a new coordinate for the development of surveying and mapping geographic information. The formation of new ideas has enabled us to break through the shackles of traditional thinking and realize? Mapping? Where to? Surveying and mapping geographic information? The evolution of; Let's keep pace with the times and push digital China towards smart China; Let's break the traditional surveying and mapping work mode and open up a new field of geographical national conditions monitoring; Let's speed up the transformation of development mode and truly realize the two-legged walk of public welfare surveying and mapping geographic information and geographic information industry. Only dare to break away from convention and break through the bondage of inertial thinking can we form a surveying and mapping geographic information culture? Quick? Soul? Fuck? The spirit of? Okay？ Quality, to carry forward? Love the motherland, be loyal to the cause, work hard and make selfless contributions? The spirit of surveying and mapping geographic information.

3. Strengthen the construction of surveying and mapping science and technology talent resources.

Talents are the foundation of scientific and technological innovation and competition. Without talents, there is no innovation. First-class academic ideas, first-class technological achievements, need first-class talents. The construction of talent resources for surveying and mapping science and technology includes three aspects: first, do everything possible to stabilize the existing scientific and technological personnel and enhance the cohesion and attraction of scientific research and production units to talents; Second, introduce and train outstanding surveying and mapping science and technology talents in a planned way, gradually carry out the selection and evaluation of senior engineers with outstanding performance, and enrich and expand the surveying and mapping science and technology innovation team; The third is to cultivate and bring up a group of scientific and technological management talents, and improve the overall quality and innovative management level of the surveying and mapping scientific and technological innovation team. Establish a rational and orderly flow mechanism of talents, encourage surveying and mapping production units to set up special expert positions, and attract outstanding talents to enter the front line of surveying and mapping production; Encourage employees to carry out technological invention and innovation activities, and regard it as an important indicator of employees' personal performance appraisal; Through the construction of key disciplines, key laboratories, engineering technology centers and postdoctoral research centers, the implementation of major scientific and technological projects, and the setting of personnel training indicators in the establishment, evaluation and acceptance of scientific and technological projects, a team of surveying and mapping scientific and technological talents composed of leading scientific and technological talents, academic and technological leaders, scientific and technological innovation backbones and technical backbones of grass-roots units will be cultivated.

4. Strengthen basic research and soft science research.

Keep up with the forefront of international surveying and mapping disciplines, develop theories and methods of surveying and mapping science and technology, actively carry out modern geodesy theory and geodynamics, new digital photogrammetry and remote sensing mechanism, geographic information science and geospatial information grid theory and technology research, improve the original innovation ability and enhance the stamina of sustainable development of surveying and mapping technology. Combined with the sustainable development of surveying and mapping, carry out soft science research of surveying and mapping, guide the practice of surveying and mapping management, and focus on strengthening the research on surveying and mapping development strategy, surveying and mapping management theory, surveying and mapping management system, surveying and mapping laws and regulations, surveying and mapping statistical index system, surveying and mapping engineering design management and geographic information industry development policy.

5 abstract

Adhere to the informationization of surveying and mapping to promote the overall development of surveying and mapping, promote new breakthroughs in improving institutional mechanisms, independent innovation in science and technology, and rapid information transmission, and comprehensively improve the utilization, supervision, security and service level of surveying and mapping departments. Focusing on promoting the overall development of national informatization, focusing on the construction of geospatial framework of digital China, and taking the development and utilization of geographic information resources as the main line, we will speed up the construction of informatization surveying and mapping system, improve the service system of surveying and mapping companies, gradually realize the real-time acquisition, processing automation, service networking and application socialization of geographic information, and significantly improve the informatization level of surveying and mapping administration. Vigorously promote the development of geographic information industry and provide more powerful surveying and mapping guarantee for building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a harmonious socialist society.

refer to

Reporter, Zhan Zhou. Promote the great development of new formats of geographic information services [N]. China Surveying and Mapping.2011-06-03.

[2] Seize the great opportunity and strive to push the cause of surveying and mapping geographic information to a new level [N]. China Surveying and Mapping.2011-12-20 (002).

[3] Our reporter Xu Hong. The construction of national geographic information service platform has been accelerated [N]. Economic Daily.2010-01-25.