Essays on western architectural culture
Colorful modern architecture is a refreshing architectural school, which is characterized by the use of luster, such as alloy, stainless steel, mirror glass, plastic, flash paint and so on. As a wall or ornament of a building, it makes the building shiny and gorgeous. Most of the buildings of Guangming School are in America. Due to fierce commercial competition, in order to highlight the effect of advertising, a large number of shiny materials are used to build houses. In 1950s, new york Lihua Company, which specializes in producing soap and washing powder, invested a huge sum of money to build a glass building, which attracted a lot of attention and business. Tokyo Pavilion in Japan is a masterpiece of Liang architecture. The exterior walls are all made of blue mirror glass, and the sunlight and clouds reflect and blend in with the surroundings, which greatly beautifies the city and dwarfs those skyscrapers that cover the sky! Not only do the exterior walls of buildings use shiny materials, but American architects also try their best to decorate them indoors. The metal ornaments made by the United States for Hua Bin Hotel are placed in the lobby of the 22nd floor, which is considered to be the largest in the world at present. It is 36 meters high, 2 1 m wide and weighs about 1700 kg. It hangs from top to bottom and consists of hundreds of gold-plated metal bodies. Under the irradiation of soft light from above, it is merged into several light bands flowing down from above, which is a masterpiece of bright school interior decoration. There are also eye-catching architectural schools in China. The Friendship Hotel, located near the Bund, can be regarded as a representative of China's glamorous architecture. All exterior walls of Friendship Hotel adopt glass curtain walls. The whole high-rise building is resplendent and dazzling, which forms a bright world and adds luster to the city appearance of Shanghai. The solemn and elegant neoclassical architecture 1985 is a year when traditionalism prevailed in the world, and the classical style of architecture has been developed. This classicalization of architecture is actually the product of the combination of classicality and modernity. In addition to pursuing a simple and natural architectural style, architects also put irregular lines and their own imagination into the design, instead of simply imitating classical architecture. A school building in California, USA, is a masterpiece of the new urban classicism school in the late 20th century. It is located in the Roman Gothic campus, surrounded by scattered buildings. It shows the tenacity and noble temperament of the school building through the galvanized steel frame and the brushed cement of plywood, and reveals new ideas in the classical atmosphere. This style is used in government buildings, buildings and even zoos in the United States. Settling down in a scenic spot is a kind of mobile house, also called "field villa". Contemporary tourism is very developed. For people who are away from home, the biggest thing is to be with them. In view of this situation, some foreign experts have developed tourist houses on the basis of ordinary cars or trucks, which are much more advanced than tourist tents and plastic dismantled houses. This kind of running house is not only equipped with bedding, so that people who are tired from the journey can sleep comfortably, but also equipped with boxes, cupboards, cabinets, tables and so on. , convenient for storing clothes and work. Some even have small kitchen facilities, such as gas stoves, refrigerators, dining tables and so on. For many people to eat. This kind of tourist residence is not only an ideal residence for tourists to live temporarily, but also favored by field investigators and has broad development prospects. Not long ago, a tour group from a certain country visited China and brought several such tourist houses, which were greatly appreciated by domestic tourists. They think it is not difficult to produce this kind of tourist house in China. They can make it themselves. Eclectic modeling architecture Some modern western architects often design buildings into specific shapes to enhance the authenticity and naturalness of buildings and give people a cordial appeal. There is a building in the United States that looks like a big grand piano from a distance. It looks like a piano not only in image, but also in color. Its unique shape is eye-catching. The U.S. government also spent150,000 dollars to make a steel sculpture completely designed according to bats. It is more than 30 meters high and stands among tall buildings. From a distance, it is a huge bat, and from a close look, it is a pillar with great boldness of vision. Other buildings, such as human bodies, animals, ships, etc., are constantly emerging, and have gradually formed a new genre. Sculpture art is often added to make modeling buildings more artistic and interesting, which is deeply loved by urban residents. Durable and sturdy ceramic houses The traditional houses are civil structures and brick-concrete structures, but Japan has recently developed a ceramic house with a new building material, which may become an ideal house in 2 1 century. This material is very light and can float on the water, but it is extremely resistant to compression and extremely difficult to break. It is characterized by fire resistance, durability, corrosion resistance, sound insulation, sound absorption and humidity control. This kind of ceramic house can absorb water vapor when the air is wet and release water vapor when the air is too dry. The manufacturing method is to mix silica and limestone, add water, and heat to form at a high temperature of 1800℃. This kind of production is fast and cheap. China has also made an attempt to use ceramics as building materials, and now it has been able to manufacture dozens of kinds of building materials and began to sell them abroad. Emergency paper house The American World Paper Company developed a paper house. This paper house is not only low in cost, but also has the characteristics of easy relocation and rapid construction. It is suitable for pastoral areas, forest areas and farms, and can also solve the urgent need of a large number of transitional houses caused by natural disasters. The wall of this new house is made of a specially designed corrugated kraft paper, and its service life can reach 15 ~ 20 years after chemical treatment. Its thickness is 12 ~ 4 1 cm. The outer surface of cardboard is coated with resin and glass fiber, and the compressive strength per square centimeter is 2 1 1 kg. The coatings for interior walls and ceilings can withstand high temperatures as high as 1000℃ and can prevent insects. Except for the slope of the roof, which requires several special pieces of cardboard, all the other plates in the house are exactly the same and can be assembled at will. It can be assembled into classrooms, libraries or conference rooms with a little modification. With the application of modern science and technology in plastic buildings, the situation that three traditional building materials, concrete (cement), steel and wood, dominate the world has been broken by plastics. In some developed countries abroad, the application of building plastics has accounted for more than 25% of the total plastics. Plastics are mainly composed of synthetic or natural polymer compounds. It has the characteristics of light weight, insulation, corrosion resistance, beautiful appearance and easy processing, which can meet the performance requirements of building materials and even has advantages over traditional building materials. Plastic buildings have been built at home and abroad. In China, plastics have been widely used in building non-structural materials and building structural materials, from waterproof and thermal insulation of houses, indoor and outdoor decoration to composite materials, light materials and large components for building structures. At present, plastic buildings, whether inflatable, detachable or architectural, are very practical and can be used as exhibition halls, gymnasiums, swimming pools, radar stations, battlefield hospitals, hangars, work sheds, crop greenhouses and so on. Vigorously developing plastic buildings can greatly shorten the construction time, reduce the structural weight, improve the assembly degree, facilitate the use of modern construction methods, improve the quality and durability of buildings, and enhance the aesthetic effect. As mentioned above, there are many novel and unique modern buildings in the world today. It is conceivable that in the near future, some incredible new buildings of modern people will emerge more and more, which will radiate more dazzling brilliance for beautifying the city and enriching life.