quarrel
Argument is the soul and commander of an article. Any article has only one central argument, and generally there can be sub-arguments.
The argument should be correct, clear and general, and it is a complete judgment sentence. Never be ambiguous.
1, correctness: the persuasiveness of an argument is rooted in the correct reflection of objective things, and the correct reflection of objective things depends on whether the author's position, viewpoint, attitude and method are correct. If the argument itself is incorrect or even absurd, then no matter how it is argued, it will not be convincing. Therefore, the correct argument is the minimum requirement for argumentative writing.
2, significance: what is in favor of, what is against, to be very clear, not ambiguous, ambiguous.
3. Novelty: The argument should be as novel and profound as possible, and it can surpass other people's views. It's not repeating other people's platitudes, nor is it irrelevant and general. It should be as unique and novel as possible.
An argument generally has four positions: the title, the beginning, the middle of the article and the end. But it is more often at the beginning of the article, and so is the paragraph argument. When similar statements appear at the beginning and the end, the starting argument and the ending echo argument.
quarrel
It is the material to support the argument and the reason and basis used by the author to prove the argument, which can be divided into factual argument and rational argument.
1, fact demonstration: the role of facts in argumentative writing is very obvious. Analyze the facts, see the truth clearly, and check whether it is logically consistent with the views in the text. Representative examples, conclusive data, reliable historical facts, etc. Factual arguments include examples and data.
2. Reasoning argument: The theory as an argument is always familiar to readers or generally recognized by society. They are the result of abstracting and summarizing a large number of facts. Theoretical arguments include famous aphorisms, proverbs and aphorisms, and the author's reasoning analysis.
set an example
Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments. The argument of argument is to solve "what to prove", the argument is to solve "what to prove" and the argument is to solve the problem of "how to prove".
The purpose of argument is to reveal the internal logical relationship between arguments.
The demonstration method is as follows:
1, demonstration with examples (factual demonstration): cite conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument; (Function: Demonstrate the viewpoint (main argument or sub-argument) concretely and forcefully, and enhance the persuasiveness of the article)
2. Reasoning and argumentation: prove the argument with the incisive opinions in classic works of Marxism-Leninism, epigrams of famous sayings at home and abroad, and recognized theorem formulas; (Function: effectively demonstrate the viewpoint (main argument or sub-argument) and enhance the authority and persuasiveness of the article)
3. Comparative argument: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the arguments in comparison; (Function: Highlight and comprehensively demonstrate opinions (main arguments or sub-arguments), which is impressive)
4. Metaphorical argument: use familiar things as metaphors to prove the argument.
(function: vividly demonstrate the point of view (main argument or secondary argument) to make the article easy to understand and accept. In addition, in refutation, the refutation methods of "spear belt, shield belt attack" and "reduction to absurdity" are often used.
It is often used comprehensively in most argumentative papers.
5. Citation arguments: Citation arguments are complicated and related to the specific cited materials, including quotations, aphorisms, authoritative data, anecdotes of celebrities, jokes and anecdotes.
(Function: If you quote famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data, you can enhance the persuasiveness and authority of the argument; Citing celebrity anecdotes and anecdotes can enhance the interest of the argument and attract readers to read. )
Extended data:
Debate classification
Establish a topic
1. Definition: an article genre that takes argumentation as the main way of expression and directly expresses one's own views and opinions by putting facts and reasoning.
2. Requirements: ① Have a correct view of the issues discussed; ② Use sufficient convincing arguments; ③ Be reasonable and logical.
Refute a paper
1, definition: debate is to refute the other side's point of view and explain your own point of view at the same time.
2. Method: ① Propose an argument; 2 prove the argument; ③ Summarize the argument.
3. Combination of refuting topics: first point out the essence of the other party's mistakes, then refute the wrong arguments that have been pointed out, and at the same time or after refuting, put forward your own correct views to demonstrate.
Baidu encyclopedia-argumentative paper