This is the question, and the answer is at the bottom.
I. Bitterness and pleasure
There is not much "pleasure" in reading, but "pain" often exists. But the bitter it is, the sweeter it tastes in the end. Bitterness and pleasure in learning can be transformed into each other under certain conditions. There are outstanding great men in the world because they treat suffering correctly in their studies. Advance in suffering and find pleasure in suffering. Edison, a great inventor, had numerous inventions (joys) in his life, and even more numerous failures (pains) that he suffered during his study before his invention. He made 8000 failed experiments for an invention, and every failure denied his efforts and brought him pain. He didn't stop trying because of pain. On the contrary, he said that although these 8000 failures made me miserable, I also felt happy from them. Because they at least let me know that these 8000 experimental methods are not feasible. He was not disappointed by the pain of failure, but learned from it, gained experience, and stubbornly continued to follow this tortuous road that is both bitter and happy.
Although suffering is a denial of happiness, it can also lead people to happiness step by step. This is "happiness in suffering".
However, happiness is not a bitter accumulation, but a bitter summary. If you don't understand this, you will have the fallacy that "the more painful, the happier". Although suffering shows mistakes in learning, if you want to be happy, you must explore from suffering and find out the causes of suffering. The well-known parallel axiom was really born after a tortuous road. When I first came out, people were suspicious. Many scientists and scholars devote their whole lives to the proof of parallel axioms, but all they get is failure. After centuries and seven years' argumentation, a scientist came to the conclusion that the parallel axiom cannot be proved, thus creating a world-famous new discipline-non-Euclidean geometry. This scientist is respected and loved by people all over the world. Then, why are all other scholars suffering (failing) except this scientist? The reason is that they didn't learn the correct lesson from the failure (bitterness), while the scientist succeeded (joy) because he was good at summing up the failure scientifically and finally found the way to success. Therefore, happiness is not a simple accumulation of suffering. Only by summing up the bitterness can we finally taste the sweetness of success and enjoy the joy.
1. The first paragraph says, "The more bitter it is, the more sweet it will be in the end.". Is there a contradiction with the statement in the third paragraph that "the more painful, the happier"? Why?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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2. The case of Edison in front and the case of the scientist who created non-Euclidean geometry in the back are all scientific research. Can these two situations be reversed? Why?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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3. Paragraph (2) serves the purpose of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The argument of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Second,
(1) Practice, that is, personal practice and hands-on, embodies the spirit of attaching importance to and deepening practice.
② Moral cultivation is closely related to social practice. Only in daily life, that is, in various relationships with others and the collective, can a person clearly realize which of his actions are moral and which are immoral. Similarly, overcoming immoral thoughts and behaviors can only be achieved in social practice. Therefore, it is undoubtedly an important way for people to improve their moral cultivation.
(3) In Shi Zhongshan, Su Shi described the story of his in-depth field trip, thus revealing the mystery of Shi Zhongshan's name. Su Shi's practice was passed down as a much-told story by later generations.
There is a Shi Zhongshan at the mouth of Poyang Lake, facing the deep pool. There are different opinions about the origin of Shi Zhongshan's name, but none of them is convincing. In order to find out this problem, one night, Su Shi and his son Mai Su took a boat to the bottom of the cliff in Shi Zhongshan, and only heard the gurgling sound on the water. After careful observation, Su Shi found that there were caves and cracks in stones at the foot of the mountain, and this sound was formed by the collision of microwaves. He also found that there was a big stone blocking the center of the water flow. There were many holes in the middle of it. The wind and waves were blowing, making a dull sound, echoing the sound just now, just like a song bell playing. At this point, Su Shi explored the real reason for Shi Zhongshan's name.
⑤ Practice is the only way for a person to make a difference and achieve his career. Li Bing and his son would not have led the local people to build Dujiangyan, a large-scale water conservancy project, if they hadn't made a field trip along the banks of the E River to find out the water conditions and topography. Bi Sheng couldn't have invented movable type printing if he hadn't been engaged in printing for a long time and tried repeatedly. Sima Qian could not have written historical records without traveling to the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland, visiting sages for history and learning anecdotes. Bai Juyi couldn't have written a poem that reflected people's sufferings, such as Selling Charcoal Weng, if he hadn't personally contacted the people and been familiar with their lives. If Zhan Tianyou didn't visit the site, make repeated surveys and fight side by side with the road builders, it would be impossible for him to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway with arduous projects. ...
⑥ The establishment and high development of Chinese civilization cannot be separated from the fine tradition that Chinese people attach importance to practice and practice deeply. Today, we should inherit and carry forward the fine style of our ancestors.
⑦ Practice is the source of knowledge, and human knowledge is obtained from practice. Without practical knowledge, it is empty and useless; Even the best theory is meaningless if it is not combined with practice. Therefore, if you deviate from the road of spiritual practice, your career will not succeed.
⑧ Lu You said, "I have a shallow understanding of what I got on paper, and I never know how to do it." That is, the knowledge learned only from books is superficial after all. To truly master knowledge, you must practice it yourself.
1. The meaning of "Gong" in "Exercises" and "Gong" in "Nanyang Gong" is the same, and they all mean _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
2.( 1) What are the main points to be discussed in the second paragraph?
(2) Looking at the full text, is there any problem with the discussion in paragraph (2)? Try to explain why?
Answer: (1) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(2)________________________________________________________________
3. The third paragraph "It's a story told by later generations" is a bit classical Chinese. In modern Chinese, this sentence means: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Paragraph (4) states that "Su Shi explored the real reason of Shi Zhongshan's name". According to the author's account, briefly explain the reason why Shi Zhongshan got his name.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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5. The topic of this paper is: What are the shortcomings of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _?
A: The characteristics are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Disadvantages are: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
6. The seventh and eighth paragraphs are a bit cumbersome to read and the tone is not smooth. Try to make it a concise, complete and fluent paragraph (no more than 100 words).
Third, the other side of the struggle.
The last lesson.
The professor of social psychology told his students on the podium: "Struggle usually refers to a tough attitude towards life, which advocates perseverance and courage. But in fact, people are extremely small in front of society and even the whole nature. Therefore, don't be misled by the word' struggle' because of young passion. "
The students were surprised that such words were actually said by their beloved tutor, just like the scene in the sketch. The professor clearly understood the emotions in the audience and said with a smile: "In my opinion, struggle includes two levels-positive struggle and negative adaptation. Please come with me. "
Dozens of people came to the lawn in front of the professor's house. The professor pointed to an old locust tree and said, "There is a nest of ants here, which have been following me for many years." The students leaned over and looked: there was a small hole in the crack of the tree. Little ants were running around, coming in and out, and it was very hot. The professor said, "In recent days, I often tried to intercept them, but I failed." The students found that most of the cracks and holes around the tree were sealed by mud and wooden wedges. "But they can always find a way out elsewhere." The professor said, "I even used mothballs and glue, but they all survived the disaster." For a while, I found that their only entrance was at the top of the tree, which was very inconvenient; And a week later, I found that they had reopened a new hole in the open space of the tree waist. "
The students expressed their admiration. The professor said: "the living environment of ants is not wider than yours." Their fighting stage is really narrow. More importantly, they have a deep understanding of their own strength. Therefore, instead of confronting me, they endured and adapted. When they knew that they couldn't change the fact that the hole was blocked, they quickly adapted. In nature, those beasts who are good at killing, such as lions, tigers, bears, etc., are mostly in jeopardy at present, because compared with ants, they don't seem to know another force of struggle-adaptation. "
The professor said: "Adapting to the environment itself is an integral part of the struggle. Only on this basis can we open up a battlefield to confront and have a bright chance of winning in life. " Well, I wish you success in your struggle. "
1. Read the full text and seriously think about what "the other side of struggle" means. (2 points)
A:
2. Study the underlined sentences in the text and think about the function of what the professor said. (2 points)
A:
Some people say that we should actively strive for it at any time and should not give in. Do you agree with this view? Please talk about the reason. (3 points)
A:
4. Some people have achieved something in life only because they understand the meaning of "the other side of struggle". Please give two examples. (4 points)
A:
Fourth, say "words"
Keep your word, as you say. Language is the mirror of the soul. Rude, indifferent and arrogant speech will give people the impression of being low-level, vulgar and uneducated; Speak politely, kindly and modestly, and let people see a kind, pure and beautiful heart. Here are some anecdotes of celebrities as examples:
Once, when Lenin went downstairs, he met a female civil servant who went upstairs with face washing water. Seeing Lenin, she flinched, but Lenin said enthusiastically, "You have something in your hand, but I have nothing." Go upstairs first! "
(3) 1955 When Mao Zedong returned to Shaoshan, he invited the old people among his relatives and friends to dinner and toasted them. The old people said, "President, how dare you propose a toast!" " Mao Zedong replied: "It is right to respect the elderly and the virtuous!"
(4) On one occasion, after getting off the plane, Zhou Enlai shook hands with the crew members to say goodbye. At that time, the mechanic Kuang Zubing was squatting on the ground to work. After shaking hands with other comrades, Zhou Enlai stood behind Kuang Zubing and waited, signaling others not to disturb him. Kuang Zubing turned around after work, only to find the Prime Minister standing behind him. He quickly said, "Sorry, Prime Minister, I didn't know you were waiting for me." Zhou Enlai smiled and asked kindly, "Oh, I didn't affect your work, did I?"
The beauty of language lies not in flowery rhetoric or lyrical description, but mainly in its adaptation to the language environment. [a] When you meet a comrade, ask "Hello!" A cordial greeting is not unnecessary politeness, it embodies the virtues of humility, care and respect for people. (2) When interacting with people, always say, "Please!" You can also respect others. If you accidentally do something wrong, say "I'm sorry!" " It can eliminate unnecessary suspicion and enhance the friendship between comrades. When someone apologizes, they say, "Nothing!" It means being broad-minded and freeing comrades from difficulties. (e) When asking for help, saying "I'm sorry" is not an ordinary compliment, but a sign of respect for others' performance. When others thank you, say:
"You're welcome!" It embodies your spirit of helping others and your sincere and modest heart. [g] Comrades break up and say "Goodbye!" This shows that the communication did not end at parting, and the friendship continued to develop in the farewell sound.
In short, to achieve the beauty of language and to be "gentle, amiable and modest" when speaking, it is necessary to strengthen ideological cultivation and language training. If you don't work hard fundamentally, you will often fail to learn well.
1. Add some words below.
Arrogance () Humility ()
2. The article expounds the truth of _ _ _ _ _ _ and the importance of _ _ _ _ _ from the perspective of "speaking".
3. If you put the title of the article in another way, it should be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
The following sentence is taken from paragraph 5, and its position should be between sentence [] and sentence [].
The comrade did a favor and said, "Thank you!" It is like a pot of charcoal fire, which makes people feel passionate; It is like a bond, connecting the friendship between comrades.
5. The article mainly adopts the method of illustration, in addition to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
6. Read the article carefully and talk about your understanding of the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph.
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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7. Combining with common examples, this paper analyzes the functions of common polite expressions in communication. What inspiration did you get after reading them?
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Five,
(1) You can often see such a scene in your life-
Two young mothers are talking, and A and B are talking about my children. Their hearts are full of hope that the other party will appreciate their children, but they forget that they should also appreciate each other's children.
Just after a performance, all the actors lined up hand in hand for a curtain call, but the audience was already halfway. The rest are also squeezed out. The applause was sparse. In fact, the audience was satisfied with the success of the performance, but they just didn't applaud. I feel sorry for the actors. What they ask the audience is to walk slowly and clap their hands. Why can't the audience meet their demands and show appreciation for their performances?
People are always stingy with their appreciation of others.
5] What's wrong with appreciating others? A few applause, a few compliments, or a look or a smile will do. But others will get self-affirmation, encouragement, joy, self-confidence and strength from your appreciation.
The power of appreciation is magical.
Once, a middle school student failed in the college entrance examination and took all his savings to travel, ready to spend all his money to commit suicide. On the way, he met two drowning children, and he bravely saved them. All the audience applauded his courage and superb swimming skills. The child's parents even dragged him home to thank him and admire him. He couldn't help crying. From the appreciation of others, he rediscovered himself and felt that life was still worth nostalgia, so he easily embarked on the road home.
I have a very good friend who often appreciates my exercises that can only be published in my notebook. After some comments, it is a "here is gold", which contains all expectations and encouragement, so that I can overcome my inferiority and practice one more.
(9) Society is a big stage and an arena. Life is a performance and a struggle. Everyone needs others' attention, applause and applause, just like criticism. If there is only silence, then life will be dull.
⑽ Appreciation is different from flattery, because it is sincere, affirmation of the meaning of others' lives, noble sentiment and a quality that modern people should have.
Great inventions and outstanding achievements are certainly worthy of appreciation, but an ordinary clever idea, a small original idea, even a beautiful dress and a few witty jokes are also worth appreciating. As long as we open our hearts, we will find that there are many things around us that deserve our appreciation.
We appreciate others, and others will appreciate us. Life will be better because of appreciation.
1. For the phenomenon of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2. The second paragraph (8) demonstrates the central argument from _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ⑾ Paragraph tells us that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3. The word "silence" added in paragraph 9 means _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Paragraph (10) says that "appreciation is different from flattery". Please briefly explain the difference between "appreciation" and "fear".
A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Answer:
Argumentative reading training solution
First, "Bitterness and Happiness" 1, not contradictory. In the first paragraph, this sentence means that bitterness and joy can be transformed according to certain conditions, that is, we should treat bitterness correctly and be good at summing up. The view of "the more bitter the happier" holds that happiness is the result of natural accumulation of bitterness, and bitterness is absolutely equal to happiness. 2. Irreversible. Because Edison's example emphasizes: being good at summing up and learning from suffering will turn suffering into joy; The example of scientists who created non-Euclidean geometry not only proves once again that you should be good at summing up lessons after suffering, but also compares the losers and proves that if you are not good at summing up suffering, you will still get suffering. 3. Summary of the first paragraph. Happiness is not the accumulation of bitterness, but the summary of bitterness.
Second, 1, personally, the army. (1) "Practice" is an important way to improve people's moral cultivation. (2) There is something wrong with this paragraph, mainly because the content it discusses is not closely related to the full text, and the following examples do not prove the relationship between practice and moral cultivation. 3, spread to future generations, and praised by future generations. 4. A stone with many holes in the middle, after being swallowed up by the wind and waves, makes a sound that is in harmony with the underwater sound, just like playing a bell. 5. Practice is the premise of understanding things and the necessary way to master knowledge and achieve career. There are details, omissions and a large number of deficiencies; It's just that the case of the ancients in China is biased. 6. Practice is the source of knowledge. Lu You said: "I think it's an armchair strategist and I never know how to do it." No matter how good the theory is, it is meaningless if it is not combined with practice; To be truly proficient in learning and ensure the success of your career, you must personally participate in practice.
Third, the other side of the struggle
1. means "passive adaptation" (or: adaptation to the environment is also an integral part of the struggle). (2 points, the same meaning) 2. Taking wild animals such as lions, tigers and bears as examples, the professor demonstrates his views from the opposite side, which is more convincing and the demonstration effect is better. (or: lions, tigers, bears and other wild animals are good at killing, but they can't adapt to the environment, which leads to the precarious living conditions. The fact that the professor tells students to learn to adapt to the environment is a negative example, which can better prove his point of view. ) (2 points, meaning the same)
There is no unique answer to this question, as long as it makes sense. Example: ① Agree. Because life is alive, there will be flowers and applause, as well as thorns and bumps. In the face of different life situations, we should all keep a positive and enterprising spirit and realize our own life value. ② Disagree. Because in life, there will always be different opportunities and challenges. In the face of setbacks and setbacks, don't fight blindly, but think rationally in temporary concession and negative adaptation, accumulate strength, find opportunities to fight again, and thus become the master of fate. (3 points, meaning close)
4. Example: ① Sima Qian endured the humiliation of "castration" and devoted himself to the creation of "The Historian's Farewell" and "Historical Records" in prison. (2) Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was a "prisoner" and tried his best to destroy the State of Wu. (4 points, 2 points each, as long as the listed cases meet the requirements)
Fourth, "Tan" 1, arrogance (héng), modesty (xê n). 2. Writing is a civilized language from the heart. 3. Talk about "talking" (or: talking about "talking"). Article 4, paragraph 5, item 6.5, Truth, comparison and metaphor. 6. This sentence emphasizes that polite expressions should be used appropriately according to different language environments. Only in this way can we show the gentle, amiable and humble temperament of the speaker and let people see a kind, pure and beautiful heart. 7. Be able to recognize the importance of polite language, understand it and express it fluently and clearly.
1, people are always stingy with the appreciation of others. Appreciate others (be good at appreciating others and learn to appreciate others). Like 2. The power of appreciation is magical. Many things are worth appreciating. Open-minded (good at discovery) 3. indifference (indifference). 4. Appreciation is sincere (appreciation is a sincere affirmation of others), and flattery is hypocritical (flattery is a false ingratiation of others).
Hope to adopt