Logistics management of small and medium-sized enterprises 1. Problems existing in the logistics development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China
Small and medium-sized enterprises do not pay enough attention to logistics management.
Nowadays, most enterprises understand the importance of logistics management. However, due to the weak concept of logistics management and ignorance of modern logistics and supply chain management, business operators naturally tend to produce and ignore logistics in the actual operation process. Enterprises do not regard logistics as the key to strengthen management, but only regard logistics as synonymous with storage and transportation, ignoring the benefits it brings to enterprises and not raising logistics management to the height of strategic management. Enterprises do not pay enough attention to logistics management, which seriously affects the construction and development of enterprise logistics system, and then leads to the reduction of enterprise economic benefits.
The modernization of logistics management in small and medium-sized enterprises is low, and information technology is still very backward.
Some small and medium-sized enterprises in China still use paper and pens in logistics information management, and some enterprises use computers, but computers are only used for daily affairs storage. ERP system has also been applied in some enterprises, but the effect is not obvious, and it has not reached the level of good integration with enterprise business, which makes information unobstructed, poor enjoyment and low speed and accuracy of information feedback.
Underutilization of facilities
China's small and medium-sized enterprises mainly adopt self-operated logistics methods, such as buying transportation tools, building warehouses and hiring workers. A large number of facilities are underutilized. The most common is that the means of transport are idle, the warehouse is idle, and the workers do nothing most of the time, resulting in a lot of waste of manpower, material resources and financial resources. The mode of logistics self-operation, due to the lack of scale benefit and scientificity, leads to low utilization rate of facilities and greatly increases the operating cost of enterprises.
Lack of logistics system planning and design
Many small and medium-sized enterprises in China did not plan and design logistics when designing and transforming. The layout of the workshop is basically carried out under the traditional workshop-style planning mode, and the equipment layout only emphasizes the full use of space, without considering the connection between the previous and subsequent processes, material handling and the storage of work in process, which leads to the unclear overall or local logistics pattern of the enterprise and brings many problems to production. If the material flow is chaotic, in addition to stagnation, the material is often in a state of crossing, circuitous, backflow, jumping and crowding, with repeated handling and invalid handling accounting for about 50%, and the material flow path is long, which makes it impossible to supply materials and parts in time; The headquarters warehouse of materials and finished products is scattered, and there is no centralized center for material collection, sorting and distribution, which leads to confusion and difficulty in material management, long distribution cycle and poor matching; When logistics vehicles run in factories or workshops, they are not organized into fixed routes that run in one direction, but run at will according to their own needs, which often causes cross-interference and reduces transportation efficiency.
2. China's small and medium-sized enterprises logistics development countermeasures
Change the concept and improve the understanding of logistics management
At present, the goal of small and medium-sized enterprises in China mainly focuses on product research and development, ignoring the role of logistics management. Most small and medium-sized enterprises still do not realize the importance of logistics management. Therefore, changing ideas and improving the understanding of logistics management are the basis for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. First of all, SMEs should correctly establish the concept of logistics management; Secondly, change the traditional concept and realize that logistics is a systematic project rather than just cargo transportation; Thirdly, in order to build confidence in modern logistics management, we can analyze the cost of traditional logistics mode and modern logistics management mode.
Implement supply chain management
Supply chain management (SCM) refers to a management method that effectively organizes suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centers and distributors to manufacture, transfer, distribute and sell products under the condition of meeting a certain level of customer service, so as to minimize the cost of the whole supply chain system. Great changes have taken place in logistics management under supply chain management. At this time, logistics management has achieved rapid delivery through smooth transportation channels, information sharing and knowledge support through plug-and-play information networks, various forms of transportation networks and various ways to obtain information, and diversified products. In short, the logistics management under the supply chain has greatly promoted the development of enterprises.
Using third-party logistics
Third-party logistics refers to a logistics management mode in which production and operation enterprises entrust their logistics activities to professional logistics service enterprises through contracts in order to concentrate their main business, and at the same time keep close contact with logistics enterprises through information systems to realize the whole process management control of logistics. For most small and medium-sized enterprises, enterprise resources are limited. Enterprises should use these limited resources in their core business and transfer the auxiliary work such as logistics to specialized logistics companies, which is conducive to the centralized operation of their core business and the continuous improvement of their management level, thus contributing to the improvement of their production efficiency. Third-party logistics enterprises can use their economies of scale and cost advantages to save costs and reduce capital occupation, thus reducing costs.
Improve the logistics management system
Planning, organizing, coordinating and controlling logistics management with systematic ideas is the premise of forming an efficient logistics management system. Concentrate the scattered logistics management functions of production, sales, finance and other departments, and set up a special logistics management department to focus on the planning, implementation, supervision and management control activities of logistics management such as procurement, production and sales of enterprises, so as to improve the efficiency of logistics management.
Strengthen logistics information management
Logistics informatization refers to the application of modern information technology in the management of purchasing, selling and storing, and through the in-depth development and extensive utilization of information resources, the purpose of continuously improving management level and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises is achieved. To realize logistics informatization, we need to build a perfect logistics management system, which can solve the problems existing in logistics management of small and medium-sized enterprises, and most importantly, bring huge benefits to enterprises.
summary
At present, small and medium-sized enterprises account for more than 99% of the total number of enterprises in China, contributing more than 60% to GDP, more than 50% to tax revenue, and providing nearly 70% of the import and export trade volume. It can be seen that small and medium-sized enterprises occupy an important position in the national economy, and it is of great significance for China's economic development to rationally manage logistics, reduce enterprise operating costs, and then promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, China's small and medium-sized enterprises should constantly analyze and reform the current situation of logistics management, and finally achieve the goal of maximizing the economy.