1. Tax payable method and tax impact accounting method.
In China, enterprises are allowed to choose between tax payable method and tax impact accounting method. The author thinks that the tax impact accounting method should be adopted as far as possible for the following reasons: ① The tax impact accounting method comprehensively embodies the accrual principle and the matching principle, that is, the income tax expenditure in the current period should be deducted from the current profit and loss and not reflected in the subsequent period; Income tax expenditure that does not belong to the current period should not be deducted from the current profit and loss. (2) The tax impact accounting method can correctly reflect the after-tax profit. In a sense, deferring part of the tax to the next year is equivalent to the enterprise obtaining an interest-free loan, which is extremely beneficial to the production and operation of the enterprise. (3) In the future, the state will only promulgate one tax law, and many specific provisions of the financial accounting system of various industries will be delegated to enterprises. The difference between tax law and enterprise financial accounting system will gradually expand, thus more timing difference will appear. Therefore, from the perspective of development, enterprises should gradually adopt the tax impact accounting method to deal with income tax. (4) Under the same tax rate, the total amount of tax paid by the two methods in a certain accounting period is equal, but the amount paid in each year is different. The income tax rate is not fixed, so it is more flexible to choose the accounting method of tax impact.
2. Deferred method and debt method in tax impact accounting method.
China's income tax accounting should adopt the liability method for the following reasons: ① Under the liability method, the balance sheet shows liabilities to be taxed in the future or assets prepaid on behalf of future taxes. Compared with the deferred method, the debt method emphasizes the authenticity of the balance sheet figures, which not only conforms to the accrual basis principle, but also accurately reflects the actual tax impact of related economic businesses. ② From the actual situation of our country, the liability method is more in line with the matching principle than the deferred method, which can ensure that the interests of the state and enterprises will not be greatly affected when the tax rate changes or new taxes are levied. (3) The debt method adjusts the account balance of deferred tax according to the current tax rate or the tax rate to be implemented soon, so that the tax impact reflected by it is more relevant to the current and future cash flows related to tax payment, and the financial information provided is more useful. ④ According to the actual situation in China, the income tax rate is basically stable, and the calculation of time difference by deferred method and debt method is basically the same. However, in the long run, the liability method is appropriate when choosing the tax impact accounting method.