Deng Jiaxian's grandfather was a famous calligrapher and seal engraver in Qing Dynasty, and his father was a famous aesthete and art historian. After the July 7th Incident, the whole family stayed in Beijing, 16-year-old Deng Jiaxian went to Jiangjin, Sichuan with her sister to finish high school. 194 1 to 1945 studied in the Physics Department of National Southwest Associated University, and studied under famous professors such as Wang Zhuxi and Zheng Huachi. 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Deng Jiaxian taught in the Physics Department of Peking University.
1June, 948, Deng Jiaxian went to Purdue University, Indiana, USA for postgraduate study, and received his Ph.D. in physics in June, 950. On the 9th day after he got his degree, he boarded the ship returning home. After returning to China, Deng Jiaxian worked as an assistant researcher in the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, engaged in nuclear theory research. 1958 In August, he was transferred to the newly-built Nuclear Weapons Research Institute as the director of the theoretical department, responsible for leading the theoretical design of nuclear weapons. Later, he served as deputy director and director of the Institute, vice president and dean of the Ninth Research and Design Institute of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, and deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.
Deng Jiaxian is the main organizer and leader of China's nuclear weapons research and development, and is known as the "father of the two bombs". In the research of atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb, Deng Jiaxian led the basic theoretical research of detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state and neutron transport, completed the theoretical scheme of atomic bomb, and participated in guiding the detonation simulation test of nuclear test. After the success of the atomic bomb test, Deng Jiaxian organized forces to explore the design principles and selected technical approaches of the hydrogen bomb. He led and personally participated in the development and experiment of China's first hydrogen bomb in 1967.
Deng Jiaxian and Zhou's Summary of Theoretical Research on China's First Atomic Bomb is a groundbreaking basic work on the theoretical design of nuclear weapons, which summarizes the research results of hundreds of scientists. This work is not only instructive for future theoretical design, but also an introductory textbook for training researchers. Deng Jiaxian also made an important contribution to the study of the equation of state at high temperature and high pressure. In order to train young researchers, he also wrote many lectures on electrodynamics, plasma physics, spherical concentric detonation wave theory and so on. Even after assuming the heavy responsibility of the dean, he began to write Quantum Field Theory and Group Theory after work.
Deng Jiaxian is an outstanding representative of intellectuals in China. For the prosperity of the motherland and the development of national defense research, he was willing to be an unknown hero and struggled in obscurity for decades. He often appears in the most dangerous positions at critical moments, regardless of personal safety, which fully embodies his lofty and selfless dedication. He has made outstanding contributions to the development of China's nuclear weapons, but little is known. People didn't know his deeds until after his death.
He is mainly engaged in nuclear physics, theoretical physics, neutron physics, plasma physics, statistical physics and fluid mechanics, and has made outstanding achievements. Since 1958, he has organized and led the basic theoretical research on detonation physics, fluid mechanics, equation of state, neutron transport and so on. And made a lot of simulation calculation and analysis on the physical process of the atomic bomb, thus taking the first step of China's independent research and design of nuclear weapons, leading to the completion of the theoretical scheme of China's first atomic bomb, and taking part in guiding the initiation simulation test before the nuclear test. Immediately after the success of the atomic bomb test, we organized forces to explore the design principle of the hydrogen bomb, chose technical approaches, organized leaders and personally participated in the development and test of the first hydrogen bomb in China in 1967. From 65438 to 0979, Deng Jiaxian was the director of the Institute of Nuclear Weapons. 1984, China successfully conducted the second generation of new nuclear weapons test in the deep desert. The next year, his cancer spread beyond saving, and his request on National Day was to visit Tiananmen Square. On July 6th, 1986, Li Peng, then Vice Premier of the State Council, went to the hospital to award him the National May 1st Labor Medal. 1On July 29th, 986, Deng Jiaxian died of systemic hemorrhage. 1999 was posthumously awarded the "two bombs and one satellite" meritorious medal.