The first chapter is the research object and basic problems of communication.
The first section is the research object of communication.
First, the definition of communication
Communication: communication, communication, conversation, communication.
Communication: It is the mechanism for the establishment and development of interpersonal relationships.
-American sociologist cooley's social organization 1909
The only way to communicate is to collect icons.
-American scholar Peirce's thought law 19 1 1 year
Three elements of communication: source, information and destination.
-Communication scientist Shi Lamu, How Communication Works.
Communication refers to information transmission in a broad sense.
-Aillieres, communication scientist, What is communication?
Communication is an activity in which people exchange information. Xu Yaokui 1990.
Communication is a two-way flow of information. Bing Lin 1993.
FrankDance, an American communication scholar, made statistics on the definition of communication in the book The Function of Human Communication. Therefore, there are different definitions of 126.
China's view of communication in ancient times
_ "Communication" is an ancient concept. In China's records of ancient books, words similar to "spread" include "spread", "broadcast", "spread", "spread" and "promote". Generally speaking, "transmission" refers to vertical and horizontal communication, and "broadcasting" refers to extensive communication and "cloth".
Mozi was dyed: "This gentleman was dyed, so he unified the princes and passed on his name to future generations." This meaning is spread vertically;
Book of Rites: "If you have goodness, you know it; if you don't know it, you don't know it; if you know it, you spread it, but you are ruthless." This means horizontal communication.
"Mandarin III": "If your wife is beautiful at home, she must broadcast it abroad". Qian Yi: "A clear text, or exposure, is also a broadcast in the audio-visual field." It means extensive publicity and dissemination.
"Biography" and "broadcasting" are combined into the word "biography", which was first seen in "Biography of Northern History and Turkic": "It is appropriate to spread the world and make it known." Meaning is published and spread widely for a long time. This meaning is close to the present meaning.
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Definition of communication
Communication is an activity that human beings exchange information through symbols and media in order to change accordingly.
1. Communication is a human activity. Man is the subject and axis of communication. Man is not only the disseminator of information, but also the receiver of information. It is both the controller of behavior and the controlled; It is both the cause and the result of communication.
2. Communication is the exchange of information. In the process of information dissemination, communicators should not simply output information, but also include complex two-way communication;
3. Communication is inseparable from symbols and media. Media loading symbols, symbols loading information.
The purpose of communication is to hope for corresponding changes. Whether spreading information or receiving information, everyone involved in the activity has intention, purpose, consciousness and motivation.
Second, the characteristics of communication
_ 1, social interaction is an information sharing activity. _
_2. Social communication is carried out in a certain social relationship. It is also the embodiment of certain social relations. _
3. From the social relations of communication, it is a two-way social communication. _
4. One of the important prerequisites for establishing communication is that both parties must have a meaningful communication space.
Broadly speaking, the meaning space of * * * communication includes: roughly the same or similar life experiences and cultural backgrounds. (Case: goat/goat tie and chrysanthemum electric fan)
5. Communication is a kind of behavior, a process and a system.
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Third, the role of communication.
Exchange information and inherit culture.
Coordination relationship monitoring environment
The productive significance of standardizing behavior (interaction)
Special functions-anesthetize the mind, relieve boredom, etc.
(Begging skills, Ma Chao incident, Isabella incident)
In a word, communication is the basic condition for human survival and socialization.
An indispensable factor is an essential factor to form a group society.
4. Communication and information
Information is a universal attribute of matter and an objective form of material movement. Information has neither matter nor energy. It is a description of the interrelation and interaction between things.
Information is divided into non-human information and human information.
Physical information, biological information, social information.
The information we are discussing is:
Social information refers to material carrier and spiritual content, which is the unity of subject and object, symbol and meaning. Information is a unified whole composed of physical carrier and meaning.
The introduction of information concept is a great contribution of information science to communication science.
Definition of communication: the transmission of social information or the operation of social information system.
The research object of communication science
1, communication is a subject that studies human information exchange activities.
2. To study communication, we should study the relationship between people-people and their groups, organizations and social relations; Study how they interact.
3. The research object of communication should be "communication process".
The systematicness of social communication refers to an organic whole with specific functions, which is composed of several interrelated and mutually restrictive parts.
Communication usually divides social communication into self-communication, interpersonal communication, group communication, organizational communication and mass communication, also known as information system.
Important concepts
Communication is an activity that human beings exchange information through symbols and media in order to change accordingly.
Communication refers to the transmission of social information or the operation of social information system.
Communication is a science that studies human communication behavior and its laws.
Communication is a science that studies social information systems and their operating rules.
Communication is a science that studies all human communication behaviors, communication processes and their laws. It is an interdisciplinary subject based on the social function of communication, system theory, information theory and cybernetics, and takes social information exchange, especially mass communication and interpersonal communication as the research object.