What is the abstract of the paper and how to write it? The following is what I collected for you about the abstract of the paper. Welcome to read!

1. What is an abstract?

● What is the abstract of the paper? Pick some hair? .

The abstract of a paper is a brief statement of the content of the paper without comments or comments.

Abstract is also called summary and content summary. It is a short article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the literature, without comments or supplementary explanations.

Abstract is the abstract of a paper, which summarizes the full text in simple, clear, understandable and incisive language and extracts the main information of the paper. Connotation: short essay extension: concise and accurate statement of the main content of the paper. The abstract of a paper without explanation and comment is a short article that simply and accurately states the main content of the paper without explanation and comment.

Second, what role does the abstract play? You can get the necessary information without reading the full text of the paper. 1) Let readers know the main contents of the paper as soon as possible to supplement the deficiency of the topic. Modern scientific and technological literature information is vast, whether readers will read the full text after searching the title of the paper is mainly judged by reading the abstract; Therefore, the abstract is responsible for attracting readers and introducing the main contents of the article to readers. 2) It provides convenience for the construction and maintenance of scientific and technological information literature retrieval database. After the paper is published, the abstract can be directly used by abstract magazines or various databases, and the abstract index is an important tool for readers to retrieve documents. Therefore, the quality of abstracts directly affects the retrieval rate and citation frequency of papers.

Three. What should be included in the abstract of the paper?

The content of the paper should contain the same amount of main information as the paper, so that readers can determine whether it is necessary to read the full text. The four elements of this paper are: ① Purpose: the purpose, scope and importance of the research; ② Methods: Means and methods adopted; (3) Results: What data and results have been obtained; Conclusion: Important conclusions, main viewpoints and new viewpoints of the paper. (Focus on the last two points)

(1) Purpose: To point out the scope, purpose, importance, tasks and preconditions of the research, rather than simply repeating the theme.

(2) Methods: Briefly describe the work flow of the project, what main contents have been studied and what work has been done in this process, including objects, principles, conditions, procedures and means.

(3) Achievements: state the important new discoveries, achievements and values after the research, including the unsatisfactory limitations obtained through investigation, experiment, observation and analysis. (4) Conclusion: Through the study of this topic, the important conclusions, including the correct views confirmed from it, are analyzed and studied, and the significance of its application in real life and the value of integrating theory with practice are compared and predicted.

Fourth, how to write a paper abstract.

1, how should I write the text: terseness: the text must be very terse and the content should be fully summarized; Arouse readers' interest in the article and make them continue reading; 2. How to write don't be long-winded, write less irrelevant things, and don't be vague.

First, the role of the abstract of the paper, the abstract of the paper is an indispensable part of the paper.

Is an independent paper with its own characteristics. This is based on the summary of the paper. The abstract of the paper is to summarize the full text in simple and clear language, leave the trunk to the branches and leaves, and extract the main information of the paper. The paper should reflect the author's viewpoint, the main contents of the paper, the research results and original opinions. A good abstract is easy to index and search, easy to be included in a large database and provide information for others. It is an indispensable part of modern papers. Second, the basic norms and principles of abstract writing 1. Abstract is divided into Chinese abstract and English abstract (there are also other languages). Different schools and institutions have different requirements on the length limit. Generally, the Chinese abstract does not exceed 200-300 words, and the English abstract does not exceed 250 substantive words. Chinese and English abstracts should be consistent (try not to use translation software for translation, because there will be many low-level mistakes). The length of the abstract of graduation thesis can be appropriately increased.

2. Consult the instructor more, and make timely amendments according to the opinions provided, so as to reach a higher level.

3. Abstract is a complete paper, which is independent and can be used independently. Even if you don't look at the main content of the paper, you can still understand the main content of the paper, the author's new ideas and ideas, the purpose of the project, the methods adopted, the results and conclusions of the research and the central idea.

4. The abstract is complete and logical.

5. The text should be concise and to the point, without unnecessary words, important contents should be abstracted, without foreword, background and other details, old conclusions and original materials should be removed, and no comments and annotations should be made. Use direct expression to delete unnecessary literary embellishments. The author's future plans and irrelevant contents should not be included, and the most information should be provided with the least words.

6. Special characters, pictures, charts, chemical structures and mathematical expressions composed of special characters shall not be used in the abstract of the paper.

Five, the abstract four elements Purpose, method, result and conclusion are called abstract four elements.

1. Objective: To point out the scope, purpose, importance, tasks and preconditions of the research topic, rather than the simple repetition of the theme.

2. Methods: Briefly describe the work flow of the project, the main contents of the research, and what work has been done in this process, including objects, principles, conditions, procedures and means.

3. Results: State the important new discoveries, achievements and values after the research, including the data and results obtained through investigation, experiment and observation, and analyze its unsatisfactory "limitations".

4. Conclusion: By analyzing the important conclusions of this study, including the correct viewpoints confirmed from it, we can compare and predict the significance of its application in real life and the value of integrating theory with practice. Four. As a special narrative, its writing steps are different from ordinary articles. The writing time is usually after the completion of the paper, but it can also be written in advance (that is, the outline paper), and then the abstract can be revised while writing the paper. First of all, from the four elements of the abstract, read through the full text of the paper, carefully list the important contents of the paper one by one, especially the summary of each paragraph and the topic sentence at the end of the paper, keep the outline and essence, and extract the key information used to write the abstract. Then, see if these materials can completely and accurately answer the questions involved in the four elements of the abstract, and ask for concise sentences. If answering these questions is not enough, reread the paper and extract the corresponding content to supplement it. Finally, these scattered information are combined into complete sentences that conform to grammatical rules and logical rules, and then a smooth essay is formed. Read through this passage and revise it repeatedly to meet the requirements of the abstract.

Intransitive verbs about English abstracts

1. The writing methods of English abstracts of papers should be based on recognized writing norms.

2, try to use simple sentences, simple words, avoid monotonous sentence patterns, and express requirements accurately and completely.

3. Use articles correctly.

4. Write in standard English, avoid spoken English, use common words that are easy to understand, and don't use uncommon words (don't use translation software).

5. Use the active voice as much as possible.

6. The author's work is in the past tense and his conclusion is in the present tense.

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