The above picture shows the structure of the radial tire that we have the most contact with in our life. Next, we will tell you the function of each part in the whole tire.
Crown: the part of the tire that touches the ground, which drives the vehicle to run, accelerate and brake through friction with the road surface. It is also the worst part of the whole tire working environment, and has many properties such as wear resistance, puncture resistance and impact resistance.
Covering layer: The covering layer, also known as the crown layer, is responsible for preventing the steel cord layer under the tire from shifting or separating during driving, thus ensuring the dimensional integrity and stability of the tire at high speed.
Steel cord: Steel cord is composed of a layer of steel wire, which is used to protect the carcass, provide a certain rigidity to the tire, restrain the deformation caused by pressure or friction, and ensure the contact area between the tire crown and the ground, similar to the steel bar added when building a house and pouring concrete.
Buffer belt: used to protect the cord fabric and prevent excessive friction between steel cord fabric and carcass cord fabric.
Air-tight layer: Maintain the air tightness of tires, maintain normal tire pressure, and be responsible for storing air, which is equivalent to the inner tube of bicycles.
Triangular rubber strip: the filler above the bead traveler can inhibit the expansion and deformation of the tire caused by gravity. Simply put, it can prevent the tire from bursting, thus reducing the pressure on the tire bead and preventing air leakage.
Bead steel wire: The bead steel wire is formed by winding a strand of steel wire. Generally, it has a fixed shape, which can fix the tire on the rim.
Carcass ply: This ply is the stressed part of the tire and can be simply understood as the skeleton of the tire.
The above structure is not fixed. Every tire manufacturer will change its internal structure according to its own positioning. There will be some differences in materials, but the general structure is very close.
In this test * * *, there are six tires, of which Michelin and TONYO are the main performance tires, and the other four tires are the main comfort tires, with the specification of 225/50 R 17.
We asked professionals to cut these six tires, analyze the exposed structure of the tire cross section, and observe the differences between these six tires.
Among them, the nylon cord fabric of the tire crown is made of nylon with different rigidity, which can give better consideration to softness and rigidity, and at the same time can inhibit the vibration transmission of the road surface, thus reducing the driving noise. The triangular flanging structure with high strength is added, which improves the sidewall rigidity, inhibits tire deformation, and enhances stability and comfort. In the previous lap speed test, the maximum G value of VEURO VE303 in Deng Lupu has reached 1.086g, and the maximum G value is1.086g. In the comfort group, VEURO VE303 in Deng Lupu has the highest speed grade, which is closely related to the high-strength nylon cord fabric. Deng Lupu VEURO VE303 series tire is a tire that focuses on high-end comfort. The crown is composed of 1 ply nylon ply, 2 ply steel cord ply and 2 ply polyester ply, and the sidewall is composed of 2 ply polyester ply, and a high-strength triangular flanging structure is added.
In our performance test, the lap speed and top speed of Goodyear Royal Ride II are the fastest in the comfort group, and the braking performance (dry land/wetland) is also the first in the comfort group. Although Yuqi II is a tire that focuses on quietness and comfort, its performance is not weak. Polyurethane in double-sided polyester fiber cord fabric and tire crown makes Goodyear Royal Ride II have both performance and comfort. The crown of Goodyear Yucheng No.2 tire consists of two layers of polyester fiber ply, two layers of steel wire ply and one layer of polyester amine ply. Thickened primer and isolation glue between cord ply and inner liner are added inside, which makes the tire achieve better shock absorption effect while slowing down the impact. The tire wall consists of two layers of polyester fibers.
The crown of Ma super-contact UC6 giticomfort F22 consists of two layers of fiber plies, two layers of steel cord ply and one layer of nylon cord ply, in which the fiber cord ply adopts two layers of high-strength fiber ply 1500D(D refers to fabric thickness), which ensures the good dimensional stability and impact resistance of the tire. Like the crown, the sidewall is composed of two kinds of high-strength fiber plies, and the addition of these materials strengthens the structure of the carcass and sidewall, making it possible. In addition, GitiComfort F22 equipped with advanZtech technology, with its unique soft noise reduction technology, has achieved good results in the noise test, ranking first with 765,438+0 dB.
The crown of Michelin PILOT SPORT 4 brand UltraContact UC6 tire consists of two layers of fiber ply, two layers of steel cord ply and two layers of nylon cover. The brand UltraContact UC6 has more layers of coverage and relatively complex components. Two fiber layers are used in the tire wall. Ma brand UltraContact UC6 is positioned as a product with balanced performance. Due to the addition of multi-layer mixed materials, Mapai UltraContact UC6 scored moderately in all tests, and the overall performance was very balanced.
Similar to most ordinary tires, Michelin PILOT SPORT 4 also adopts a five-layer crown and a two-layer sidewall structure. The addition of polyester layer helps to keep the tire structure and restrain deformation, which is intended to help the tire running at high speed maintain shape stability. These designs made Michelin PILOT SPORT 4 win the first place in the lap speed and braking (dry land/wet land) test related to performance. Michelin PILOT SPORT 4 is positioned as an entry-level high-performance tire and is specially designed for entry-level mid-to high-end sports cars.
The crown structure of TOO PROXES sports tire adopts one layer of rayon (ply), two layers of steel belt (ply) and two layers of nylon belt (ply), and the sidewall adopts two layers of rayon (ply).
Looking at the tire structure alone, this tire seems a bit simple. However, in the previous test, Toyo PROXES SPORT was very close to Michelin in lap speed, maximum G value and maximum speed, and the tire had better wear resistance. In addition, in the rolling resistance test, the rolling resistance coefficient of Toyo PROXES SPORT is 7.9, which is lower than that of Michelin PILOT SPORT 4, which can meet the performance requirements and save some fuel. Combine with the east.
By cutting the tire, we can see that a good tire is not only as simple as its appearance, but also as simple as changing its appearance pattern for several important performance indexes such as comfort, quietness, fuel economy and grip in daily use. In order to achieve this goal, various manufacturers have also adjusted the internal structure of tires accordingly. Even for tires with the same positioning, the products produced by different manufacturers will be different, but all roads lead to the same goal, all in order to meet the use requirements.