[Keywords:] Huizhou architecture; Characteristics of folk houses; Modern architecture; affect
Huizhou residential architecture was deeply influenced by Huizhou regional environment and humanistic customs at that time, and it was a relatively mature school of ancient architecture in China. Huizhou has exquisite architectural skills, diverse shapes and bright colors, which fully embodies the hard-working wisdom and talent of Huizhou people from ancient times to now. However, today's architects in China tend to pursue the western architectural style and tend to imitate the architectural design of other countries, ignoring the profound traditional architectural culture in China, which makes the traditional architectural style not well inherited. Therefore, in the development of China's construction industry, we should pay special attention to the influence of traditional architectural style on modern architectural design, and combine Huizhou traditional residential buildings with modern styles to create more excellent architectural works.
1 residential characteristics of Huizhou architecture
1. 1 the overall beauty of unified planning
Huizhou architecture has the overall beauty of unified planning. The overall plane of Huizhou folk houses is symmetrical, surrounded by high walls with black tiles, and there is a hall in the middle for daily courtesy, such as welcoming guests and hosting banquets, which is the main part of the whole house. There are wings on both sides, which are used in daily life, and a patio is formed at the entrance, which is used as ventilation and lighting for residential houses. This regular and consistent architectural style is closely related to the social background and geographical environment of Huizhou at that time, and it is also the product of the times under the influence of the feudal patriarchal clan system theory of Zhu Cheng Neo-Confucianism, which represents the style of the times at that time.
1.2 Natural beauty of green mountains and green waters
Huizhou architecture has the natural beauty of green mountains and green waters. Huizhou enjoys superior natural and geographical conditions, and the warm subtropical climate makes the territory lush with mountains and rivers. In Huizhou architecture, these natural features of green mountains and green waters are widely used, and the overall layout pays attention to the planning of the surrounding environment. Villages are generally surrounded by mountains and rivers, artificial buildings are combined with natural landscapes, and the beautiful and elegant home environment is picturesque, maintaining the natural harmony between man and nature. Most houses are scattered in the jungle against the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers, just like an elegant ink painting, just like plain air, filled with the beautiful scenery of the East.
1.3 Comfortable and applicable wisdom beauty
Huizhou architecture has comfortable and applicable wisdom beauty. Most residential buildings in the south of China have the problem of heat insulation and ventilation, but Huizhou architecture has largely avoided this problem, and improved the architectural style, forming a quadrangle form with patio as the center, with a hall, deep eaves, cornices and rod-shaped building structure. This architectural style was in line with the important position of Huizhou merchants at that time. Huizhou quadrangles are composed of courtyards. The use of this quadrangle avoids the loss of financial resources. At the same time, this structure meets the basic needs of ancient families in China, harmoniously unifies family, family and society, and contributes to the stability of family relations and social relations.
2 the influence of Huizhou architecture on modern architecture
2. 1 architectural color echo
Most modern buildings attach importance to the display of personal style, so the performance of colors will be more abundant, mainly composed of bright and bright colors, and the building surface will mainly use green, white and light blue. Compared with modern architecture, Huizhou architecture is more mysterious, half-covered, and black and white. Under the blue sky, it is a unique modern art that can clearly outline the outline of residential buildings and enhance the spaciousness and layering of residential buildings. The combination of micro-architecture and modern architecture perfectly matches various colors, forming a sense of collision between buildings and making the buildings more attractive.
2.2 Mixing of building materials
The use of building materials is extremely important for architecture, and materials are the main components of architecture. Brick, wood, stone carving and slate are widely used in Huizhou architecture. The use of building materials can reflect the important layout of Huizhou architecture and make Huizhou architecture elegant and vulgar. The use of several materials can splice houses well and reflect the natural architectural style. These materials are often used in modern architectural design, and there will be a lot of wooden furniture and ornaments in decoration. At the same time, bricks, cement and tiles are used in modern buildings.
2.3 the same landscape artistic conception
Under the influence of Neo-Confucianism, Huizhou architecture thinks that the harmony between man and nature is the most harmonious state between architecture and nature, so it is easy to find a harmonious landscape phenomenon in Huizhou architecture, which can be clearly felt in residential houses, villages, streets, internal spaces and external spaces. Huizhou architecture is characterized by the perfect combination of landscape, garden, architecture and landscape. Modern architectural design is also a combination of landscape and environment, through the perfect integration of landscape and environment, reflecting the attitude of modern people to life. However, in modern architectural design, the landscape is added after the building is completed. Of course, some modern masters build new buildings in the natural environment.
2.4 ideological inspiration
The development of architecture is not only the development of technology and building materials, but also the development of architectural thinking. At present, the functional needs and psychological needs of architecture are also changing, which leads to the organizational changes of architectural space more and more adapting to people's needs and trying to bring people different psychological feelings. Huizhou architecture is influenced by the Confucian thought of "harmony between man and nature", which greatly shows the harmony and unity between man and nature. It conforms to the laws of nature and is scientific and interesting. It is a model of traditional folk houses in China, which has profound ideological enlightenment for modern architecture. In modern architectural design, we should form a harmonious and unified architectural style, not exclude foreign cultures, and strive to combine our own characteristics with other advantages to form our own unique architectural style and artistic expression.
3 Conclusion
The cultural system and architectural form of Huizhou architecture affect the development of modern regional architecture and characteristic architecture. It has become an important mission of contemporary architects to combine the characteristic elements of Huizhou architecture with modern architecture and design more colorful "new Huizhou architecture".
References:
Pan Guxi. Architectural history of China [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2005.
[2] Fan Yanbing. Chinese Huizhou architecture [M]. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 2006.