The structure mainly composed of masonry is called masonry structure. It includes brick structure, stone structure and block structure of other materials. Divided into unreinforced masonry structure and reinforced masonry structure. Masonry structure is widely used in China, because it can use local materials, has good durability, chemical stability and atmospheric stability, and has good thermal insulation performance. Compared with reinforced concrete structure, it saves cement and steel, and does not need formwork and special technical equipment when laying, which can save wood. The disadvantages of masonry structure are heavy weight, large volume and heavy workload of masonry. The tensile, flexural and shear strength of unreinforced masonry is very low because of the weak bonding force between brick, stone, block and mortar. Its brittleness is determined by its basic material and connection mode, which leads to its serious damage and poor seismic performance during the earthquake. Therefore, in the seismic design of multi-story masonry structures, structural measures such as structural columns and ring beams should be taken to improve their ductility and collapse resistance. In addition, the amount of clay bricks in brick masonry is very large, occupying too much farmland land. Therefore, it is the development direction of masonry structure in the future to change solid bricks into hollow bricks, especially to develop hollow bricks with high porosity, high strength and large blocks to save materials, and to make hollow bricks by using industrial wastes, such as fly ash, cinder or concrete instead of red bricks.