In fact, the subjective question of history is not that difficult. From the analysis of the recent college entrance examination questions, they are generally composed of materials and questions:

1. data: written data or graphic data related to historical knowledge or hot knowledge.

2. Question: There are eight main categories.

(1) Summarize and explain the problem.

(2) Background, conditions and reasons.

(3) the influence and significance of the test question

(4) Enlightenment and cognitive problems.

(5) Characteristics, the characteristics of the test questions

(6) Analysis and comparison of test questions

(7) open questions, small composition questions.

(8) Evaluation and evaluation problems

Step 1: judge the question type and characteristics.

This non-multiple choice question, entitled theme comparison, is a material analysis question for longitudinal theme comparison analysis. Its theme is the course and understanding of the evolution of ancient and modern Confucianism.

Step 2: Examine the questions and determine the answers.

Question (1):

The first problem is "difference" (Confucianism in Han Dynasty and Confucianism in Confucius and Mencius);

The second question is to answer the question of "development" (Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty); Question (2), please answer "What do * * * have in common" (Han Yu and Kang Youwei); Question (2): We should talk about the attitude towards Confucius and Confucianism from a cognitive perspective. Pay attention to determine the comparison point, such as the comparison point in the question (1) as "Confucianism"; The second problem is "Confucian cognition".

The third step is to sort out the answers according to the questions.

So the standard answer to this question is as follows:

(1) Difference: Confucius and Mencius' thought is benevolent, people-oriented and edifying, while China Confucianism emphasizes the induction between heaven and man, divine right of monarchy and the Three Cardinal Principles and Five Permanent Principles. (5 points)

Development: Pay more attention to the Analects of Confucius and Mencius, pay attention to speculation, and emphasize personal cultivation and perfection. (5 points)

(2) Return to the canon, return to Confucius and Mencius, deny the attachment theory and fabrication theory of later generations, advocate exploring the spiritual essence of Confucianism, and serve the reality with the help of Confucianism. (8 points)

(3) To look at Confucius and Confucianism historically, we should not blindly affirm or deny it; Distinguish the real Confucius from the sanctified Confucius; Take the essence and discard the dross. (7 points)