Deer come in different sizes. Generally, men have diagonal lines, but women don't. Most deer live in the forest and feed on tree buds and leaves. Antlers grow with age. Deer are distributed in most parts of America and Eurasia.
Interpretation of Chinese characters
ㄌㄨˋ
Chinese Pinyin: Lu
Chinese character strokes: 1 1
Writing order: pull and fold horizontally and vertically.
Radical: deer
Radical strokes: 1 1
Five strokes input: YNJ (version 86) OX (version 98)
Interpretation of Chinese characters:
(1) (pictogram. Oracle Bone Inscriptions-shaped like a deer's head, horns and four feet. Original meaning: the general term for deer. There are many kinds, usually stags have horns)
(2) [deer], mountain beast. -"Shuowen" said that the deer is safe. -"A Tun" Yo Yo Luming Literature. -Poem Xiaoya Luming Literature-Lu Zhongrong's eight calculations. -"Book of Rites, Book of Rites and Country Shooting"
(3) Another example: deer (wood carved into the shape of a deer); Deer and cranes walk (to describe caution and vigilance)
(4) Compared with the [regime], the title of Qin lost its deer, and the world pursued it. -Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou.
(5) Another example is Rutai. Therefore, it is located in the south of Chao Ge Town, tangyin county City, Henan Province, and is said to have been built by Yin. Cut Zhou, defeat, and die of self-immolation)
(6) Square granary [granary; Barn] There is no Redmi in the city, and the deer are empty. -"Mandarin Wu Yu"
(7) pass the "foot". [Mountain or at the foot of the mountain] In autumn and August, Xinmao and Shalu collapsed. -"Gu Liangchuan Xi Gong Fourteen Years"
(8) Through "Boo Boo". [Bamboo] and Lukong. -"Mandarin Wu Yu"
(9) Lu Lu badminton
shape
Rough [coarse] such as deer cloth (coarse cloth); Deer cart (narrow cart pushed and pulled by human power)
"Children's" Lu "
Deer, Lu-Han Kuai Tong biography: "Qin lost its deer, and the world chased it away." Zhang Yan's Note: "Deer is a symbol of the throne." That is, the deer makes a "Lu" solution. (Excerpted from Huang Xianfan's Introduction to the Interpretation of Ancient Books (mimeographed edition), Teaching Materials Department of Guangxi Normal University, February1962; Huang Xianfan's Preliminary Study on the Interpretation of Ancient Books —— Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan, page 475, Guangxi Normal University Press, July 2004).
Phrases:
Antlers Lu Ji m: o [antlers; Antlers. It also refers to obstacles such as branches and thorns set up to stop the enemy from advancing.
Lu Lu Jian Lù lú jià n [hilt wrapped with silk thread] The hilt is wrapped in silk brocade, like Lulu. Pulley Lulu is an instrument for pumping water from a well.
Velvet antler [velvet antler of a young stag] The young horn of a stag.
Who will kill the deer? Who will kill the deer-who will win the prize-Deer: It is the target of hunting. Metaphor refers to political power. To make a metaphor, it is unknown who will win the final victory, who will get rid of martial arts in the Central Plains, who will drive and who will die. -"Notes on the Book of Jin and Schleswig"
Abatis Abatis is an obstacle shaped like antlers on trees. Divided into branches and trunks. The former is mainly used to prevent infantry. The latter is mainly used to prevent tanks. It can be reinforced with barbed wire, grenades and mines when setting.
Deer family
Latin scientific name: deer shaft
English name: Erxleben
Classification: mammals, Artiodactyla, Cervidae.
Body length: 0.75 ~ 2.90m.
Shoulder height: 0.3 ~ 2.20m..
Weight: 9 ~ 800 kg
Form:
Deer belong to Artiodactyla 1 family, and there are about 52 species of *** 16 genera. Most species generally have the following characteristics: slender limbs, short tail, male body, larger than female body. Usually males have horns, and some species have horns or no horns.
Coat color:
Most kinds of fur are dark, ranging from black, brown, yellow, crimson to light yellow. But reindeer will have white individuals.
Life span: 8~45 years.
Protection level: sika deer is a national first-class protected animal.
Geographical population differences:
Deer come in many kinds and shapes. There are about 52 species in the genus *** 16, ranging from the largest moose to the smallest elk.
Distribution: There are many kinds of deer, about 52 species, belonging to the genus *** 16, which are distributed all over the world except Antarctica.
Species status:
Most species are common in some places, and a few species are endangered. Sika deer is a national first-class protected animal.
Living habits: Except moose, most species live in groups.
Living environment: Mountains, grasslands and forests are all distributed.
Food types: leaves, grass, fruits, seeds, lichens, mosses, shrubs, flowers, aquatic plants, bark, branches and saplings.
Physiological characteristics: generally mating in estrus from March to April in spring, pregnant for 4- 10 months, with 1-3 cubs per fetus. Sexual maturity at the age of 2~3.
Economic value:
All kinds of meat can be eaten and the skin can be tanned.
Among them, the antler of sika deer is a precious medicinal material. In China, a large number of artificial breeding has been carried out, and live deer are taken as velvet antler (which will not cause harm to deer). Horn is the second sexual characteristic of deer in Cervidae (some species have no horns, such as Swertia), and it is also a weapon for deer to compete for mates. The growth and shedding of horns are influenced by pituitary and testosterone. After the breeding season, the antlers in the north will fall off from Lower Mao Kou, and the next year they will be born from Mao Kou above the frontal bone 1 peduncle joint. The newly grown horn is called velvet antler (we usually call it velvet antler), which has skin, hair and a lot of blood vessels. As the horn grows up, the blood supply gradually decreases and the skin dries out. 1 ~ 2 years old, the initial angle is almost straight, and the bifurcation of the posterior angle increases year by year, and it will be shaped in adulthood.
Sika deer is a 1 species of Cervidae. It is named because there are some obvious white spots arranged in rows on both sides of the back and the lower edge of the body. Also known as the flower deer. Sika deer is divided into 7 subspecies, and there are 5 subspecies in China. The nose is exposed and cracked; Bucks have horns, which grow in April every year. The horns generally reach 4 forks, and the eyebrow fork extends obliquely downward, and the second fork is far away from the eyebrow fork. In winter, the coat color is chestnut brown, the white spot is not obvious, the lower part of the tail is white, and the belly hair is light brown; In summer, the hair is reddish brown, some are dark taupe, the middle line of the back is black, some have thin tails, the upper part of the tail is black and the lower part is white. Distributed in Southeast Siberia, Japan, Northeast China, North China, Southeast China and Taiwan Province Province of China. The number of wild sika deer is very rare now; China is listed as a class of protected animals. Habitat in mixed forests, mountain grasslands and forest margins, generally do not enter the dense forest. In winter, it is mostly on the lee side of the low-lying area on the sunny slope, and in spring and autumn, it is mostly active in the open treeless area. In summer, I like shade, mostly in open and drafty places on shady slopes, and sometimes I go to alpine grasslands to avoid mosquito and fly bites. Sexual vigilance, gregarious at dawn. Mainly feed on grass, buds, leaves, adenophora, etc. They mate in August ~165438+10 every year and are pregnant for 7 ~ 8 months. April to June is the peak period of farrowing, with each litter 1 ~ 2 litters.
Deer existing in China:
Musk deer (Moschus moschiferus) is small and weighs about 10 kg. Neither sex has horns. The male upper canine teeth are fangs-shaped and protrude out of the mouth. The hind limbs are longer than the forelimbs. There is a gallbladder. Male musk deer has musk glands and secretes musk with rich fragrance, which is a very precious medicinal material and high-grade spice. The output and quality of musk in China rank first in the world. In classification, it is argued that musk deer should be a single independent family.
Muntjac is a common medium-sized deer in southern China. Suede is fine and tough, which is a good material for clothing tanning and precision instrument leather, and is a traditional export commodity in China.
Sika deer hair is reddish brown in summer with obvious white spots, and brown in winter without obvious white spots. There are obvious white spots on the buttocks. There are four forks in the male horn. The infraorbital glands are well developed. It has been widely distributed in the history of our country, but it only exists in the northernmost areas of Anhui and Sichuan. Many areas in China have established deer farms for artificial breeding as the main source of harvesting velvet antler. Deer fetus, blood, penis and internal organs are all valuable medicinal materials.
Red deer is a large deer, which can weigh more than 200 kilograms. Velvet antler is also a valuable medicinal material, the quality is second only to sika deer, but the output is higher.
Deer were once widely distributed on all continents. /kloc-There are six kinds of deer introduced to Australia in the 20th century, namely: deer, red deer, water deer, ragged deer, Timor black deer and flower deer. However, due to environmental restrictions, it is only distributed in a limited range.
Usually only male deer have horns. Reindeer is the only deer in which both the male deer and the female deer have horns, but the female deer's horns are much smaller. Every winter, the stag's horns will fall off, and in spring, new horns will begin to grow. At that time, antlers will cover the skin, which is called velvet antler. Antlers will fall off when they are set.
Female reindeer's horns fall off in spring. In addition, musk deer and water deer, whether male or female, have no horns. They use their tusks to protect themselves. Male muntjac has both tusks and horns, while female muntjac has neither tusks nor horns.
Snow is one of the biggest enemies of deer. If the snow is not heavy, it's nothing. But when the snow becomes thick, it is difficult for them to find food because the snow covers the food. In addition, although deer run very fast, some deer can weigh up to 300 kilograms, so they will get stuck in the snow and slow down when they run. Wolves weighing only 50 kilograms can easily catch up with them.
Unlike most animals, deer have no fixed home. For deer, the so-called home is territory. They sleep in the bushes at night. In winter, when deer's turf is covered with thick snow, they will find another turf with relatively shallow snow. When many deer choose this site, they will divide it.
Generally speaking, Cervidae is the most valuable species among mammals. Its value is manifold. Since ancient times, emperors, nobles and ordinary people at home and abroad have regarded "deer hunting" as an important activity with sports, sociality, entertainment and practicality. Deer hunting has always played an important role in ancient records. Even "shooting", one of the six arts ordered by Confucius, is also related to "shooting deer". China ancient hunting, mainly elk, that is, four elephants, to the Qing Dynasty Kangxi, Qianlong when there were red deer and moose.
For the average person, deer hunting mainly focuses on economic value. Deer are all treasures, including velvet antler, deer fetus, deer whip, deer tail, deer tendon, venison, deer breast and so on, all of which are medicinal materials or supplements. In addition, there are several kinds of deerskin, which can be made into high-grade clothes or leather. Reindeer have more uses, such as sledding, carrying things, milking and so on. In recent years, moose and sika deer have also tended to be domesticated.
It is because the economic value of dried venison is so high that people can hunt more. As a wild animal, elk became extinct thousands of years ago. Sika deer with the best quality of velvet antler wiped out two subspecies of Shanxi and Hebei decades ago, and few subspecies of South China, Northeast China and Taiwan Province Province. Other deer breeds have a similar situation. Although the country has listed most deer species as protected animals, they are not strictly protected in the wild. Some rare species, such as the deer in Hainan Island, the sika deer in South China and the dolphin deer in Xishuangbanna, are still on the verge of extinction and deserve serious attention.
China is the country that produces the most deer in the world. There are 38 species of Cervidae 17 genera in the world, among which there were or still are 18 genera 18 species in China. In other words, China deer account for more than half of the world's deer genus and nearly half of the world's deer species. In contrast, the territory of the former Soviet Union is 1 times larger than that of China, but there are only 5 genera and 6 species. The United States and Canada are about the same size as China, with only 4 genera and 5 species each; Although the area of India is not as big as that of China, and India is famous for its "richest" species of birds and animals, there are only four deer genera and eight deer species, which is still far less than that of China. It should be pointed out that there are no endemic genera or species of Cervidae in these four countries, but at least one species of elk is endemic to China, and four or five species of elk, white-lipped deer, yellow-fronted muntjac, small muntjac or Jialin musk deer are endemic to China. In addition, there are 2 genera and 2 species of black muntjac (hairy deer) and river muntjac (roe deer). Except a few from Myanmar and North Korea, China is widely distributed and abundant, which can basically be regarded as an animal unique to China.
Four don't look like elk. Elk is the name in ancient books, and Sixiang is a folk common name. In the Romance of Gods, it is said that Jiang Ziya, commander-in-chief of King Wu's army, rode four elephants. The novel describes the four elephants as "the tail is like a dragon", which is of course far from the real image. But what this book says is not purely from imagination. From the fossil data, we can know that the era of King Wu's felling was the most prosperous time for elk. Elk fossils unearthed in the north and south of the Yangtze River were the most abundant in the late Shang Dynasty and the early Zhou Dynasty, and then gradually became scarce. After the Zhou Dynasty, they decreased sharply and became very few in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Some people think that elk, as a wild animal, may have died out in the Han Dynasty. However, it has also been verified that until the Ming Dynasty and even the early Qing Dynasty, there were still elk remnants in northern Jiangsu, north of the Yangtze River, but the number was very small.
In the history of zoology, the modern narration of elk began with 1865. A French priest living in Beijing got to know the guards of Nanhaizi in Royal Hunt Park through various channels, and made a business of stealing and selling elk specimens. 1June 866, 65438+1October, he took two deerskin and two deer heads. The deer's head and skin were sent to Paris, which soon attracted great interest from zoologists and nature lovers from all over Europe. Zoos all over the world are looking for ways to get it. During the period from 1866 to 1876 10, envoys and parishioners from Britain, France, Germany, Belgium and other countries in the Qing Dynasty successively obtained dozens of milu deer from Nanhaizi Hunting Park and transported them back to China for exhibitions in various ways. From then on, China's "four unlike" became famous all over the world. Among the endemic animals in China, the most famous is the giant panda, but I didn't know that the elk was famous overseas, far before the giant panda.
From the 1970s to the beginning of this century, the experience of elk was tragic in these twenty or thirty years. As the only population in the world at that time, the population of Nanhaizi in Nanyuan, Beijing was hit hard and devastated. 1894, the Yongding River burst and the flood broke through the fence of the hunting garden. The escaped elk and other animals were eaten by the victims. Then 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and all the herds in the hunting park were killed. It is said that there are still two pairs left, kept in a palace, and later transferred to Wansheng Garden, where they also died. At this point, the endemic animals in China were completely extinct in China.
At this time, there are 18 elk left in European zoos. There is a Duke of Beffort in England who likes to keep animals. He bought these 18 at a high price and put them in his manor. Elk breed well in it. As a result, there are no animals unique to China in China. People in China want to see it, but they have to go abroad to see it. It can be seen that even the fate of an animal is closely related to the rise and fall of the motherland.
After two world wars, Britain's elk herd was fortunately preserved and gradually increased, reaching 255 in 1948. 1956 In the spring, the Zoological Society of London sent two pairs of young elk to Beijing. As a result, more than 50 years have passed, and the people of China have seen the "four unlike" whose names they have heard for a long time but have never met. Because the feeding environment is not suitable for their special requirements, they have not been able to reproduce successfully. At the end of 1973, British friends sent two pairs of small elk. 1984 In the spring, the total number of milu deer in China was 12, including 6 males and 6 females, 9 in Beijing Zoo and 3 in zoos in Shanghai, Guangzhou and Baoding respectively. According to the investigation of 1982, the total number of elk kept in foreign zoos has exceeded 1 100. All these milu deer are descendants of dozens of milu deer that were sent abroad more than 100 years ago.
In addition to the genuine four elephants, elk, several other animals are also called "four elephants" by China people. Let's just call these "fake four unlike". This includes reindeer raised by Ewenki people in Daxinganling; Moose in the south of Daxinganling, also known as elk; Black deer or water deer produced in southern Hunan; Sumen antelope, also known as gazelle, is produced in Huangshan Mountain, Anhui Province. Maybe there are others. People who have not studied animal taxonomy often call all animals with strange shapes animals, which is a misunderstanding.
Reindeer: Among so many "false four unlike images", reindeer is the most misleading one, because not only in Daxinganling, people call it four unlike images, but also many kinds of ancient books, such as Heilongjiang Record, Foreign Record and Cao Diary, have been widely circulated for a long time, which makes people believe that this is the true four unlike images. I remember that when Beijing Zoo/KLOC-0 reopened in the spring of 1950, there was a "four elephants" in the newspaper and on the animal bulletin board. People rushed over and saw that it was a reindeer.
The appearance of reindeer and elk is very different, which is not difficult for laymen to see at a glance. Elk is the deer with the longest tail, but reindeer has a short tail. Elk's horns don't seem to have eyebrow forks, and each fork develops backwards, while reindeer's horns are very complicated and grow forward. It is the only deer species with hermaphroditic horns. There are many differences in body shape and color. The only similarities between them are flat and wide hooves, wide spacing and well-developed hanging hooves. This is because elk used to live in swamps and wetlands, while reindeer lived in ice and snow for a long time, and both of them needed this type of hoof.
There are no real wild reindeer in China. It is estimated that Ewenki people keep more than 1000 reindeer. I don't know where they came from. Their habits are basically the same as those of reindeer raised by ethnic minorities in Siberia and northern Europe, and they all belong to a semi-raised and semi-wild state. During the day, he was allowed to walk freely between Shan Ye and then ran back to the village for the night. When necessary, put it on a sled, carry things, milk deer, and even slaughter, peel, cut meat and refine oil. Ethnic minorities in cold regions need reindeer, just as people on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau need yaks.
Moose: Moose's situation is different. It is a real wild animal. Its distribution area is not as north as reindeer, and it can be distributed in the area of 47 degrees north latitude in Daxinganling, China. The Dictionary of Zoology named it "Elk". It's easier to be confused with "elk". Some people in Daxing 'anling call it "Four Elephants", but no one in Xiaoxing 'anling does. It seems that it is most appropriate to call it "moose", because it is as tall as a camel, with four long legs a bit like a camel, and its shoulders are particularly towering, slightly like a hump.
Moose is the largest deer in the world, with the largest individual and the largest horn. The head is very big, the face is particularly long, the neck is very short, the nose is fat and drooping, there is a row of meat under the throat, and there is a lot of hair hanging on the head. The body is very majestic and short, but the four legs are disproportionately slender. The horns of a stag are different from those of other deer. It is not a branch shape, but a flat shovel shape. The middle is as wide as cactus, and there are many sharp branches around it, as many as thirty or forty. The length of each corner can exceed one meter, the longest is 1.8m, and the width can reach 40cm. The weight of the two horns is thirty or forty kilograms. Needless to say, the body supporting such a huge horn is also considerable. A moose with a shoulder height of more than 2 meters, a body length of nearly 3 meters and a weight of 650 kilograms was found in Alaska, USA. The moose hunted in Daxing 'anling is less than 500 kg, with light coat and small horns, not very wide and flat.
Moose lives in forest areas with many lakes and swamps in sub-cold, and likes to eat tender branches and bark. In spring, summer and autumn, they often soak in water and feed on aquatic plants, lotus flowers and lotus stems, and feed on various mosses in the snow in winter. Rarely in groups. Bucks usually like to live alone, but in winter, when they are short of food, they will mix people to feed cows. Among the cattle in Aershan, Inner Mongolia, two moose were caught, and one of them was sent to Beijing Zoo for exhibition.
Moose and reindeer also have velvet antler, which is much larger in size and weight than plum velvet, but it is said that its quality is inferior and its medicinal effect is low. The reason is not clear. Moose is so huge, the meat is naturally considerable, but how it tastes seems that not many people praise it. But it is said that the "red lips" of one of the famous eight treasures in ancient times are its fat and drooping nose and lips.
Moose is one of the most important hunting animals abroad. People hunted its huge horns as souvenirs. In China, ethnic minorities, such as Oroqen, hunt for its meat and skin. Now, it belongs to the national second-class protected animal. As for elk and reindeer, because there are no wild species, they don't need to be included in the national list of protected animals.
Black deer: There is another kind of "fake four unlike" in the mountains and forests of southern Hunan, that is, black deer. Crossing the border between Hunan and Guangdong, people call it the water deer in the mountainous area of northern Guangdong. In Sichuan, its name is Black Deer. In Yunnan, people also call it red deer. I heard that people in Hainan Island still call it Buffalo Deer. In a word, it is recognized as a deer everywhere except Hunan people who call it Sixiang.
This is a tropical and subtropical deer species, distributed southward to Malaysia and Sumatra, with the northernmost origin in northwest Sichuan and southern Qinghai. There is a subspecies in Taiwan Province Island.
Black deer is a kind of large deer. It is strong, taller than reindeer and similar to elk. My domestic black deer, the male's shoulder height can reach1.25m to1.3m, and his weight can reach more than 200kg. The doe is small and weighs about 130 to 140 kg. The coat is generally dark brown, and the neck and tail are darker. Hair is thick and miscellaneous. Although the tail is not as long as the real four elephants, it is still longer than other deer. Buck's horns are very thick, generally 70-80cm long and17-8cm thick, and the longest record is1.25m. The antlers of this deer are not as valuable as sika deer and red deer, but better than moose and reindeer. It used to be the main local product of southwest provinces in China, and it has a considerable number of acquisitions every year. Now it has been included in the second class of protected animals.
Other rare deer species:
As mentioned earlier, among the 18 deer breeds produced in China, four or five are endemic to China. In addition to the world-famous elk, two other species are also famous, namely white-lipped deer and yellow muntjac. In addition, there are several rare species that are not endemic to China, such as Polu in Hainan Island, Bailu in Qamdo, Tibet, Shoulu in Tibet and Tianshan Red Deer in western Xinjiang.
White-lipped Deer: No other country has seen this kind of deer, which is a special product of China, except for one pair (existing one) given to Sri Lanka by China in the early 1970s and one pair given to Nepal in the early 1980s. Its origin is limited to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including most parts of Tibet and Qinghai, central and southeastern Gansu, western and northern Sichuan. It is an animal in alpine areas, generally living in mountainous areas with an altitude of more than three or four kilometers, and can even rise to 5000 meters in summer, and it is active in alpine shrubs or alpine meadows. It has thick and long hair, is not afraid of snow and cold, and feeds on the tender branches and leaves of mountain grass and shrubs. This is a very tenacious and bitter deer species.
The main feature of white-lipped deer, as the name implies, is that it has a pure white lower lip, which extends to the upper part of the throat and both ends of the kiss, so it can also be called white-lipped deer. In Gansu and Qinghai, it is commonly known as yellow deer or grass deer. The summer hair of white-lipped deer is brownish yellow, which is obviously different from the local green deer. The antlers of these two deer are also obviously different. The eyebrow fork of Cervus elaphus is very close to the secondary fork, while the horn of Cervus elaphus is far from the secondary fork, which is particularly long and the main branch is slightly flat. These are not difficult to distinguish.
In places where the producing areas of white-lipped deer and red deer overlap, such as the northwest of Sichuan and the northern foot of Qilian Mountain in Gansu, natural hybridization between white-lipped deer and red deer was found, resulting in hybrid offspring.
In recent years, several deer farms in Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan have begun to domesticate white-lipped deer, among which Zhiduo County, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai has the largest number of deer farms, reaching hundreds. According to statistics, from 1958 to 1979, * * captured 7 young white-lipped deer, and 363 were domesticated and survived, with a survival rate of 5 1. 13%. In addition, collectives and individuals also have scattered feeding. It is reported that grazing can be carried out now, which can not only reduce feed costs and save labor, but also help to change its wild habits and improve reproduction rate.
In the national list of protected animals, only three kinds of deer belong to the first category, namely, white-lipped deer, sika deer and Hainan slope deer.
Sika deer: Generally speaking, sika deer is not a rare animal, because this kind of deer is not only easy to see in parks and zoos, but also raised in many deer farms in China. But it can still be classified as a rare animal.
Say "Jane" first. The velvet antler of this kind of deer is the most expensive among all kinds of velvet antler, and it is called "yellow velvet antler" in medicinal materials. In addition, deerskin, venison, deer whip, deer tail, deer tendon and so on. , also has high value. So it is a precious animal.
Followed by "sparse". Although there are many domestic sika deer, there are very few wild ones. Not only the wild species of Hebei subspecies and Shanxi subspecies have been extinct for many years, but also the most widely distributed and abundant species in South China and Northeast Asia, which were once abundant, are now few and far between, and the future is in jeopardy. As for the subspecies of Taiwan Province Province, it is a question whether they exist in the wild. I'm afraid we can only find some in the zoo. Fortunately, in the mid-1960s and early 1970s, a new subspecies of sika deer was discovered in Zoige, the northernmost part of Sichuan, and in Diebu, southern Gansu, near the Sichuan border, with an estimated number of about 200. They often live on the edge of mixed forests or grasslands, sometimes grazing with cattle, and sometimes resting with Sumen antelope and black muntjac. So far, this new subspecies has not been exhibited in any zoo in the world, so it can be considered as one of the rarest animals in the world. We should focus on protecting the only remaining wild sika deer. Taohongling, pengze county, Jiangxi Province is the only place where sika deer are produced in Jiangxi Province. It is estimated that there are about 100 South China subspecies left here, which has been designated as sika deer nature reserve.
Although there are many subspecies of sika deer, there are little differences in morphology, but there are differences in individual size, color depth, number and size of spots, length of dorsal midline and obvious degree. Taiwan Province Province is the smallest subspecies, with a shoulder height of only eighty or ninety centimeters; Northeast Asia is the largest species, with shoulder height 1 10 cm or more and body weight 120 kg or more.
Polu: "Polu" is a common name of Hainan Island, and its taxonomic name is Eisler, also known as Mei's fork deer. * * * There are three or four subspecies. The only place of origin in China is Hainan Island. Whether the deer here is a separate subspecies is still a controversial issue.
Slope deer and sika deer are about the same size and belong to medium-sized deer. Shoulder height is between 105 ~ 1 10cm, and body weight is between 60 ~ 100kg. There are white spots on my body and a black center line on my back. Its main feature is its special horn shape, which is different from sika deer and even other deer. The deer's horn has a large curved eyebrow fork, which is connected with the curved main branch at the back to form an arc with a large angle. There is no branch school under the main school. It seems that there are no secondary branches and tertiary branches. In fact, the branch is higher and grows to the upper end of the main branch. Because the eyebrow fork is particularly developed, it is often called the eyebrow fork deer in foreign works.
Before liberation, deer were widely distributed in Hainan Island. It seems that there are at least 9 or 10 counties in the north of the island, and quite a few deer are still alive. It was estimated that there were more than 300 in the early days of liberation. Due to indiscriminate hunting, only Bangxi, Baisha County, Dachuan County and Dongfang County were left at 1979, leaving only more than 30. After vigorous publicity and protection in recent years, the situation has obviously improved. 1983 the survey in may showed that the total number of dongfang counties increased to more than 80. After more than a year of artificial protection, the deer living in Datian Precious Animal Reserve in Dongfang County have gradually become accustomed to being close to people. Some of them go to the village to have a rest, while others don't shy away from passing cars and ox carts.
The international nature conservation organization has now listed the elk, including the deer in Hainan Island, as a first-class endangered animal, hoping to give it the strictest protection.