There are generally several types of medical papers: review, case report, case analysis, clinical research, scientific research papers, degree papers and so on.
The writing of medical papers depends on your experience and qualifications, which determines the depth and breadth of your understanding of the problem, that is, your ability. The brief suggestions are as follows:
1, students can only write theoretical papers such as comments;
2, junior year, review, case report, retrospective case analysis, etc.
3. Senior students can use any kind of paper.
As for how to write a medical paper, the following steps are for reference:
Combined with my usual work and study, I used the database to find relevant reference materials, consulted a large number of relevant documents, screened out my favorite and familiar contents, found scientific and practical arguments, and began to write. The following contents are for reference:
Basic format and writing method of medical papers
(1) title
Title requirements:
1. Concise: generally no more than 20 words.
2. The title is proportionate, accurate and distinctive: the title reflects the content and the content explains the title.
3. Focus, clear theme: highlight the theme of the paper, be highly summarized and be clear at a glance. If it is not enough to summarize the content of the paper, you can add a subtitle (dash, bracket or sequence code).
(2) Signature of the author (author)
1. The meaning of the author's signature
(1) Clarify the responsibility of the paper: write at your own risk.
(2) Obtaining due honor: recorded in the history of scientific and technological development.
(3) The need of literature retrieval: author retrieval.
(4) Clear copyright: personal rights and property rights.
2. The principle of author's signature
Signature individual authors are limited to those who choose research topics and make research plans, directly participate in all or major research work and make contributions, participate in writing papers and are responsible for the content. (GB77 13-87 "Compilation Format of Scientific and Technological Reports, Dissertations and Academic Papers")
3. The requirement of the author's signature
(1) is divided into collective signature and individual signature.
(2) The first author should be the creator, designer, executor and author of the paper.
(3) When many people co-write, the master comes first and the second comes last; When multiple units are jointly written, footnotes should be marked.
(4) The number of authors is not easy to be too large, generally no more than 6.
(5) Guidance, cooperation and reviewers can be included as thanks.
(3) abstract
Content and format of 1. abstract
Universal format:
(1) Purpose: To explain the problem to be solved in this paper and its origin.
(2) Methods: Explain the research time, the number of patients or subjects participating in the research and the main research methods.
(3) Results: Explain the main results of the research content, including data and statistical test results.
(4) Conclusion: Explain the main conclusions, including direct clinical application.
Other formats
(1) Purpose (purpose, purpose and background): The problem to be solved in this paper and its origin, origin and research background.
(2) Design: the basic research and design of the paper.
(3) Setting: research location, unit and grade.
(4) Subjects: the study time, the number of patients or subjects participating in the study and the main research methods.
(5) Intervention: Clinical treatment and other treatment methods of the paper.
(6) Measures: main test items of evaluation results.
(7) Results: explain the main results and data in the research content.
(8) Conclusion: Explain the main conclusions, including direct clinical application.
2. Writing requirements of abstract
(1) Write continuously, without paragraphs, without subtitles or examples.
(2) Format standardization.
(3) Short and complete, generally accounting for about 10% of the full text.
(4) Written materials, without charts, tables and chemical structural formulas.
(5) English abstracts with basically the same content.
Keywords (keywords)
Keywords are words or phrases that express the essential characteristics of scientific and technological documents and have practical significance.
Subject words are standardized keywords, and keywords are flexible and extensive free languages. At present, both keywords and subject words are used as retrieval languages. Because keywords are natural languages, synonyms, synonyms and polysemous words are not uniform, which leads to retrieval errors, so at present, they are mostly selected from medical thesaurus (MeSH).
1. keyword format
3-8 words or phrases, written in the blank, without punctuation. Commas can be added between foreign characters, except for proper noun prefixes, the rest are lowercase.
2. Method of selecting keywords
(1) You can choose the most commonly used title from title, abstract and full-text content.
(2) It should be strictly screened to fully, accurately and comprehensively reflect the central content of the article.
(3) Consult the medical dictionary for confirmation.
(5) Introduction (Introduction)
The basic content of 1. Introduction
(1) Briefly describe the reason and purpose of studying this work.
(2) Study the historical background of this work.
(3) Research status and trend of this work at home and abroad.
(4) Emphasize the importance, necessity and research significance of this work.
(5) Explain the time, materials and methods of learning this work appropriately.
2. Introduction writing requirements
(1) Concise: generally 200-500 words, accounting for about1/8-110 of the full text.
(2) Seeking truth from facts and objective evaluation: Don't deliberately belittle predecessors, and don't jump to conclusions.
(3) Less rhetoric: different levels.
(4) Don't be the same as the abstract, and avoid being the same as the text: it doesn't involve results or conclusions.
(5) The words "introduction" are generally not written in the title.
(6) Materials and methods.
1. Main contents of materials and methods
(1) Subject:
① Animals: name, variety, quantity, source, age, sex, grouping standard and method.
② Microorganisms or cells: species, types, strains, strains, culture conditions and laboratory conditions.
③ Clinical cases: source, quantity, sex, age, etiology, course of disease, pathological diagnosis, classification criteria and selection criteria.
(2) Experimental instruments: name of instruments and equipment, manufacturer, model, operation method and improvement points.
(3) Experimental materials: name, composition, specification, purity, source, factory date, batch number, concentration, dosage, administration method, route and total dosage of drugs and reagents.
(4) experimental methods and conditions:
① Clinical cases: observation method, index, treatment method, drug name, dosage, use method and course of treatment.
② Operation and specimen: operation name, operation method, anesthesia method and specimen preparation process.
③ Laboratory: experimental and recording means, observation steps, indicators, matters needing attention, method improvement and basis.
(5) Statistical methods:
(vii) Results
The achievement is the value of the paper and the crystallization of the research results. Draw the conclusion of this paper, trigger discussion, and draw judgments, inferences and suggestions.
1. Contents of the result
(1) data: raw data is not needed, but statistical processing is needed.
(2) Chart: used to show regularity and contrast.
(3) Photographs: can objectively express the research results.
(4) Text: Description of data, charts and photos.
2. Writing requirements of results
(1) According to the factual materials obtained from the experiment, the arrangement can be divided into sections and subtitles can be added.
(2) Explain the objective results without the author's evaluation, analysis and reasoning.
(3) The results should be true and credible, and data or other results that do not conform to subjective assumptions shall not be deleted at will.
(4) Because charts and photos take up a lot of space and can be explained in words, they should be used as little as possible.
(8) Discussion
Discussion is an important part of the paper, which is for the author to summarize, summarize and discuss the information obtained in the research, put forward his own opinions and evaluate its significance.
1. Discussion content
(1) Theoretical analysis and explanation of various data or phenomena during experimental observation.
(2) Evaluate the correctness and reliability of your own results, compare the similarities and differences with others' results, and explain the reasons.
(3) The theoretical significance, guiding role in practice and application value of the experimental results.
(4) Discussion on action mechanism or change law.
(5) Research trends of similar topics at home and abroad and their relationship with this paper.
How to write and publish medical papers can be summarized into twenty steps for your reference.
Source of information: Innovative Medicine Network
(1) Whether the information can be explained in a simple sentence is actually a preliminary topic.
(2) Is it worth writing? Whether there are similar reports before, on the one hand, we can avoid repetition, on the other hand, we can learn from previous authors' reports, such as table design.
(3) the importance of the paper. Can the author put forward some new arguments or practical experience in the paper for debate or reference?
(4) According to the magazine, readers should be limited when writing.
(5) Carefully browse the contents of the magazine to be submitted, and know the nature of the magazine and whether it is distributed abroad.
(6) Literature retrieval usually begins in the last five years. If the information is insufficient, you can look forward for another five years until you are satisfied.
(7) Review the list of authors who participated in writing this article.
(8) Collect and sort out the original data separately.
9) read the manuscript carefully, which is an important step before writing, and it must conform to its laws, so-called like.
(10) Is the basic structure of a paper a paper, a medical report or a summary?
(1 1) lists the outline of the original draft.
(12) Write the manuscript.
(13) Deliberate and revise the manuscript until it is satisfactory.
(14) The writing is accurate, concise and fluent.
(15) shall meet the scientific requirements.
(16) Select the appropriate chart.
(17) Revise the manuscript to meet the publishing requirements.
(18) Make a copy and send the paper to the editorial department with a letter of introduction.
(19) Reply to the relevant questions in the letter from the editorial department, and send it quickly after revision.
(20) Send the published samples to the editorial department after careful, earnest and word-for-word proofreading (so-called proofreading) and wait for good news.