When the soil contains too many harmful substances, which exceeds the self-purification ability of the soil, it will cause changes in the composition, structure and function of the soil, inhibit the activities of microorganisms, gradually accumulate harmful substances or their decomposition products in the soil through "soil → plants → human body", or be indirectly absorbed by human body through "soil → water → human body", which is harmful to human health.
The soil pollution in China is very serious.
According to western media reports, Anchor Camp Village is a village with 4,000 residents, located in the north of Daying Village, Hebei Province, near xinji city, which has the title of "Leather Capital". There is a huge open-air garbage dump here, and the waste produced by hundreds of special factories around it is piled up here. Because of the bad smell, the villagers were afraid to open the window. They complained many times that the drinking water was polluted. A villager in Wang Xing said, "Many people have got rare diseases, and some even got cancer at a young age."
According to the website of the Spanish newspaper El Pais on July 5th, three trucks arrived in Daying Village, xinji city, Hebei Province in the early morning at the end of May. While it was dark, they dumped the "goods" loaded on the truck in a nearby canal until someone found and approached them, and these people fled hastily. No one knows exactly what was poured into the canal. But a month later, the mixed chemicals can still be smelled in the air.
The pungent smell caused nearly 200 poplar trees planted by villager Zhang Yachun two years ago to die and had to be cut down for firewood. The owner and farmer of a piece of land next to him squatted in tears. He is worried that this wheat field, which is the source of his family's income, may fail because the irrigation water comes from that canal.
/kloc-The villagers of Daying Village, where 0/500 people live, don't know who caused all this. There are chemical plants, steel mills and leather factories near the village.
According to the report, unfortunately, these are not isolated cases. In China, soil pollution has become as serious as air pollution.
The Ministry of Land and Resources of China conducted a survey from 20xx to 20xx, and some survey results were published in 20xx. The results show that the over-standard rate of total soil sites in China is 16. 1%, and that of cultivated land sites is 19.4%. The area of farmland irrigated by sewage has exceeded 3.3 million hectares. Various causes of soil pollution include toxic waste discharged from factories, sewage irrigation or excessive use of pesticides.
The report said, but the actual situation may be worse. Critics believe that the soil samples collected from 65,438+0,000 points in 65,438+0,500 test areas are not representative, and the possibility of all toxic chemicals is not considered. Gao Shengda of China Land Reclamation Association points out that 300,000 to 500,000 hectares of soil are polluted.
After three years' preparation, the China Municipal Government announced the action plan for the prevention and control of soil pollution on May 3 1, which is a supplement to the adopted plan for the prevention and control of water resources and air pollution. The Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Plan predicts that by 20xx, the increasing trend of soil pollution in China will be initially contained. By 20xx, the national soil environmental quality will be stable and good. By 20xx, the quality of soil environment will be improved in an all-round way.
The report said, but the plan also exposed some problems. The plan can't be really implemented until the new law to control soil pollution is passed. Wang, a soil protection expert from the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, admitted that "the accuracy of the 20xx survey is not high, and we need more accurate data". Experts hope to complete the investigation of all cultivated land pollution before the end of 20xx.
According to the report, the full implementation of the plan is a costly task. Gu Qingdao, a researcher at china environmental science Research Institute who participated in the planning, pointed out that the state-owned and private sectors may establish cooperative relations.
According to the report, the most important thing is that the plan regards the local government as the person responsible for implementing the plan. Jiang Zhuoshan of Greenpeace pointed out that in view of the seriousness of soil pollution, the biggest challenge faced by local governments may be the allocation of professionals with professional knowledge.