If time goes back, these galaxies may be in a huddled state at a very early time. However, how did these huddled substances evolve into many pieces?
The most reasonable explanation is that there was a big explosion in the universe. 1948 In April, Gamov and astrophysicist Al Faubel wrote an article about the origin of the universe. The article said that 200 billion years ago, the space of our universe was extremely small, and all the substances in it were tightly wrapped in cosmic eggs or primitive fireballs, with the temperature as high as 10 10.
Suddenly one day, the original fireball exploded, and a new universe was born from this moment. At this time, there are no sun, earth and moon in the universe, and these celestial bodies only have high-energy particles, but the time of this state of the universe is less than one second. After the explosion, the temperature of the universe began to drop suddenly. When the temperature drops by about 654.38+000 billion degrees Celsius, the evolution of the universe enters another stage.
With the continuous drop of temperature, atoms and molecules began to appear, and these atoms and molecules evolved into gas clouds, planets, stars and other celestial bodies, all of which were the products of the long-term evolution of gas clouds. It was not until 5 1 100 million years ago that the solar system really formed. Once this article by Gamov was published, it greatly influenced the scientific community, became one of the classic documents of modern cosmology, and caused a worldwide sensation. So later people called the initial explosion of the universe the Big Bang.
Gamov also predicted that there would be a microwave radiation in the universe after the Big Bang. In this process, the wavelength of radiation gradually changes from short to long, and the intensity also changes from strong to weak until it becomes microwave radiation. Scientists all over the world, in order to confirm the prediction of economist Muff, began to explore the remains of the Big Bang in the vast universe.
Radio astronomers also use radar technology to detect such microwave radiation from the universe, but no substantial progress has been made. It was not until 1965 that the thread of BIGBANG was finally discovered by two American engineers, penzias and Wilson.
At first, Pongers and Wilson were studying how to improve satellite communication. In order to avoid all factors that interfere with satellite communication, especially radio noise sources, they set up a set of horn-shaped high-sensitivity directional receiving antenna system. After estimating all the noise sources one by one, they accidentally found a noise, which they could not eliminate. What is even more difficult to understand is that the change it causes has no directionality and periodicity, and does not change with the alternation of seasons, which shows that it has nothing to do with the sun.
The two engineers were puzzled. The antenna was disassembled several times, but they were able to tolerate this strange noise, which aroused the interest of penzias and Wilson. After repeated experiments, they finally came to the conclusion that this noise is by no means from satellites in the microwave band. At this time, a paper from Princeton University in the United States caught the attention of Penhias.
It is mentioned that our space is full of residual radiation after the early Big Bang, that is, cosmic background radiation, which will produce microwave noise. After reading this paper, Pennias immediately called Professor Dick, who was in charge of the research topic of this paper. Dick immediately realized that Peneas' discovery might be the result he had been looking for for for a long time.
Dick's research team used more advanced instruments to observe the cosmic microwave background radiation after half a year and made rapid progress. At present, scientists have successfully calculated the actual radiation temperature of cosmic microwave background radiation. Most scientists think that the embers of BIGBANG are microwave background radiation detected by Penghias and Wilson, while American astronomer Shriver made an unexpected discovery when observing celestial bodies with a telescope from 19 12 to 19 17. Among the 15 galaxies he studied, there are 65438. These galaxies can retreat at an average speed of more than 6000 kilometers per second. A few years later, Hubble observed celestial bodies with more advanced telescopes. He found that the farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it runs. This relationship between speed and distance is called Hubble's law.
As the initial stage of verifying the expansion of the universe, Bohr's law involves very limited number of galaxies, apparent speed and distance. So at that time, people were puzzled about the significance of Harvard Theorem and the problem that the heart system was degenerating. The farther the heart system is, the faster it goes backwards. This strange phenomenon is also difficult for scientists to understand.
Belgian physicist Lemaistre studied the expansion of the universe and thought that expansion always started from a special endpoint, so he further put forward the view of the origin of the universe, thinking that the universe originated from an original principle. His idea, which is often called the cosmic egg later, is very unstable. As a result, in a big bang, the cosmic egg broke into countless pieces and gradually evolved into thousands of galaxies in Qian Qian. After the initial big bang more than 20 billion years ago, it left behind the current phenomenon of galaxy regression.
1930, Eddington, a famous British astronomer, based on Mette's universe, but this theory began to explain the general retreat of extragalactic galaxies. He believes that the retreat of galaxies is due to the expansion effect of the universe, and the discovery of Hubble's law just reveals that the universe is expanding. The discovery of the expansion of the universe can help us understand many problems.
For example, why is the sky dark at night? Our universe and all its galaxies are finite. Because these limited celestial bodies are very far away from the earth, the light they emit is very weak, so the night sky is black. Simply put, night is the result of the expansion of the universe.