Guo Qin Lun is the representative work of Jia Yi's theory of name rectification in the Western Han Dynasty, which is divided into three parts. The full text analyzes the faults of the Qin Dynasty from various aspects, so it is named "On Qin". This paper aims to summarize the historical lessons of Qin's sudden death and provide reference for the establishment of the system and the consolidation of the rule in the Han Dynasty. It is a group of articles with profound insights and great artistic appeal.
Excerpt from the original:
I have been shocked by this unusual custom since the first emperor died. However, Chen She's son Weng Huan's rope pivot is a self-protection official, and immigrants are also; Talents are not as good as Chinese people, not as good as Zhong Ni, the sage of Mo Zhai, the wealth of Tao Zhu, and Yidun; Wandering among the ranks, squatting in the hustle and bustle, the rate of exhaustion of soldiers, hundreds of people, turned to attack Qin; Chop firewood for soldiers, uncover poles for flags, and the world will gather to respond, and seize grain with the scenery. Shandong Haojun rose together and Qin family died.
Translation:
After the death of Qin Shihuang, his afterglow (still) shocked remote areas. However, Chen She was only the son of a poor family. He used a broken urn as a window and a straw rope as a hinge. He protected himself and was a servant, and later became a pawn who was moved to the frontier. Talent is inferior to ordinary people, virtue is inferior to Kong Qiu and Mo Zhai, and wealth is inferior to Tao Zhu and Eton.
(He) joined the garrison, suddenly rose from the field, led tired soldiers, commanded hundreds of troops, turned around and attacked the State of Qin, cut down trees as weapons, held bamboo poles as flags, and heroes gathered all over the world, echoing him from afar, and many people followed him with food on their backs. Heroes to the east of Xiaoshan revolted together and wiped out the Qin family.
Extended data
Creation background
The era of Emperor Wendi in the Western Han Dynasty was the early stage of the so-called "peace and prosperity" in the Han Dynasty, that is, "the rule of cultural scene". Jia Yi, with his keen insight, saw the latent crisis in the Western Han Dynasty through appearances. At that time, rich and powerful people embezzled a large number of farmers' land, forcing farmers into bankruptcy and exile, and heavy oppression, exploitation and cruel punishment also aggravated class contradictions. The contradiction between domestic feudal separatism and centralization, the contradiction between the ruling class and the working people, and the contradiction between ethnic groups are intensifying day by day, and the position of the rulers is in danger of being shaken. ?
In order to reconcile various contradictions and ensure the long-term stability of the Western Han Dynasty, Jia Yi put forward many political opinions to the Han Dynasty in famous political essays such as Chen Zheng's Poems, On Storing and Storing, and On Guo Qin. This paper analyzes the success or failure of Qin politics from the perspective of summing up historical experience and lessons, and provides reference for Emperor Wendi's political reform.
When talking about the purpose of writing, Jia Yi said that the reason why he wanted to "examine the past, the present, the personnel, the rise and fall, and the tactics" was that he advocated "step by step and change with the times" in order to seek "national security for a long time" (Part II). The article On Qin summed up the lessons of the rise and fall of the Qin Dynasty, which was really Zhao Han's fault.