The full text of philosophical thinking on the construction of ecological civilization is as follows:
First, the connotation of ecological civilization
Marxism holds that civilization is relative to barbarism. So far, human beings have experienced agricultural civilization, industrial civilization and so on. However, from the perspective of production mode, the focus of previous civilizations was mainly on the improvement of productivity and the improvement of human material life. That's understandable. Because in the case of low or relatively low productivity, human pursuit of material life is always the first. However, with the great development of productive forces and the improvement of human material living standards, especially the environmental pollution, resource destruction and desertification brought by industrial civilization, urban diseases? With the emergence and development of global problems, human beings have realized more and more deeply that it is necessary to improve material life, but spiritual life can not be ignored; We must develop productive forces, but we must not destroy the ecology; Humans can't just ask for it from nature, but must protect the ecological balance.
The so-called ecological civilization is a form of human civilization. It aims at respecting and maintaining the ecological environment, based on sustainable development, and focuses on the sustainable development of mankind in the future. This concept of civilization emphasizes people's consciousness and self-discipline, and emphasizes the interdependence, mutual promotion and * * * integration between people and the natural environment. This view of civilization is obviously different from the previous agricultural civilization and industrial civilization: ecological civilization highlights the importance of ecology, emphasizes respect and protection of the environment, and emphasizes that human beings must respect and care for nature while transforming it, and cannot do whatever they want. Ecological civilization does not require people to treat nature passively and do nothing in front of it, but requires people to actively use and transform nature on the basis of grasping the laws of nature, so as to better serve mankind.
Second, the philosophical thinking of ecological civilization construction
(1) Man and nature should develop harmoniously.
Since mankind entered the industrial society, science, technology and productivity have been improved unprecedentedly. In order to obtain material satisfaction, people try their best to transform nature. Just when human beings conquer nature unscrupulously, environmental problems in different degrees around the world are prominent, which directly threaten people's lives and property safety, and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of people's attention.
Environmental problems, in essence, refer to the relationship between man and nature. ? People live naturally. People's material life and spiritual life are connected with nature, that is to say, nature is connected with itself, because people are a part of nature? People are different from other animals. Animals can only passively adapt to nature, while people can actively transform nature. Nature precedes human existence, and labor is the link between human and nature. First of all, labor must realize the material transformation between man and nature through its own practical activities, which shows that man is dependent on nature and fully affirms that man is a part of nature;
Secondly, labor will exist in a specific social form. With the development of labor, the relationship between people and between people and society will be closer and richer. Obviously, the sociality of human labor completely separates man from nature. Although man originates from nature, it is not equal to nature. The dependence of human beings on nature shows that human beings should conform to, respect and protect nature. Different from nature, human beings can transform nature without violating the laws of nature, so as to realize the coordinated development between man and nature.
(2) People's practical activities should conform to objective laws.
Man is practical in essence, and production practice is the basis of all other practices, which requires us to engage in the production of material materials and objectively require us to correctly handle the relationship between man and nature. As Marx said, in practice, the universality of human beings is manifested in turning the whole nature-first as a direct means of human life, and then as a material, object and tool of human life activities-into a human organism. Indeed, human survival and development cannot be separated from nature. Clothing, food, shelter and transportation all come from nature. With the progress of society and people's growing material and cultural needs, mankind is constantly carrying out revolution. The three scientific and technological revolutions have helped mankind to better understand and control nature, and facilitated people to transform nature in various ways, making nature more in line with human will and better serve mankind.
Practice has dual effects on both nature and human beings. It requires people to consider not only the interests and needs of the subject, but also the advantages and disadvantages of nature and predict the feedback of nature to human beings after a certain practice. Of course, this does not require human beings to submit to nature. In practice, human beings should fully understand and make use of objective laws, transform nature, serve society and benefit mankind without violating the laws of nature.
(3) Give full play to people's subjective initiative.
If human beings want to survive and reproduce, they must deal with nature. Practice is the link between man and nature. In practice, man is the subject of cognition and transformation, and naturally the object of cognition and transformation. From this perspective, man and nature are the relationship between subject and object. Therefore, adhering to the principle of human subjectivity is the starting point and the end result of human understanding and transforming nature. For a better tomorrow of society, human beings should actively understand and use nature, give full play to people's subjective initiative, vigorously develop productive forces and science and technology, lead human beings out of the natural predicament with the power of science and technology itself, and make human beings develop new green energy; Improve resource utilization rate or resource recycling rate through new technologies and new equipment.
In a word, man and nature are interrelated and interactive unity. Man has the initiative in front of nature, and nature and its laws restrict him. People should adhere to the principle of subjectivity in practice, but can't treat people as? The center of the universe? . Human beings should vigorously develop economy and productivity for the sake of social development, but we can't ignore natural factors, let alone build human development at the expense of natural environment. What we can do is to give full play to people's subjective initiative and let nature and society develop together in a balanced and harmonious situation on the basis of fully understanding the natural and objective laws.