Small-scale peasant economy is impacted by foreign goods, and then squeezed by foreign capital.
Commodity economy develops in twists and turns.
At the beginning of Westernization Movement, Westernization military industry and Westernization civil industry were established.
From the rise of modern national industries in the 1960s and 1970s to the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Qing government relaxed the restrictions on national industries and set up the Ministry of Commerce to reward industry and commerce, and national industries got initial development. From the golden age of national industry development during World War I, to the control of national industry by bureaucratic capitalism during the reign of Nanjing government, and the influence of Japan's policy of "maintaining war with war" during the Anti-Japanese War, national industry developed in twists and turns.
Just expand what I said! !
Not that college students can't just copy these, right?