Hydraulic transmission technology has been widely used in automatic control technology, computer technology, microelectronics technology, new technology, new materials and other high-tech achievements, which has made new progress in traditional technology and improved the quality and level of hydraulic systems and components to some extent. However, it is impossible for the hydraulic technology facing 2 1 century to make an amazing technological breakthrough. We should mainly rely on the improvement and expansion of the existing technology and constantly expand its application fields to meet the future requirements. Based on the opinions of experts at home and abroad, its main development trend will focus on the following aspects:
1. Reduce energy consumption and make full use of energy.
-Hydraulic technology has made great progress in converting mechanical energy into pressure energy and pressure energy into mechanical energy, but there has always been energy loss, mainly reflected in the volume loss and mechanical loss of the system. If all the pressure energy can be fully utilized, the efficiency of energy conversion process will be significantly improved. In order to reduce the loss of pressure energy, the following problems must be solved:
① Reduce internal pressure loss of components and systems to reduce power loss. The main performance is to improve the pressure loss of the internal flow channel of the component, and the use of integrated circuits and casting flow channels can reduce the pipeline loss and oil leakage loss.
(2) Reduce or eliminate the throttling loss of the system, minimize the overflow of unsafe needs, and avoid using the throttling system to adjust the flow and pressure.
③ Adopting static pressure technology and new sealing materials to reduce friction loss.
④ Develop miniaturization, light weight and compounding, and extensively develop 3-way and 4-way solenoid valves and low-power solenoid valves.
⑤ In order to improve the performance of hydraulic system, load sensing system, secondary regulation system and accumulator circuit are adopted.
⑥ In order to maintain the hydraulic system in time and prevent pollution from affecting the life and reliability of the system, it is necessary to develop new pollution detection methods, measure pollution online and adjust it in time, and it is not allowed to lag behind to avoid losses caused by untimely treatment.
2. Active maintenance
The maintenance of hydraulic system has developed from simple troubleshooting to fault prediction in the past, that is, when fault symptoms are found, maintenance is carried out in advance to eliminate hidden dangers and avoid the development of equipment malignant accidents.
In order to realize active maintenance technology, it is necessary to strengthen the research on fault diagnosis method of hydraulic system. At present, relying on the feeling and experience of experienced maintenance technicians to judge faults by looking, listening, touching and measuring is no longer suitable for the large-scale, continuous and modern development of modern industry. To realize the modernization of hydraulic system fault diagnosis, we should strengthen the research of expert system, summarize the knowledge of experts, establish a complete expert knowledge base with learning function, and use computers according to the input phenomena and knowledge base. In order to further trigger the general tool software of hydraulic system fault diagnosis expert system, only a few rules need to be modified or added for different hydraulic systems.
In addition, it is the direction of hydraulic industry to develop the self-compensation system of hydraulic system, including self-adjustment, self-lubrication and self-correction, and compensate before the fault occurs.
3. Electromechanical integration
The combination of electronic technology and hydraulic transmission technology has increased the vitality of traditional hydraulic transmission and control technology and expanded the application field. Realizing mechatronics can improve the working reliability, realize the flexibility and intelligence of hydraulic system, change the shortcomings of low efficiency, oil leakage and poor maintainability of hydraulic system, and give full play to the advantages of large output, small continuity and fast response of hydraulic transmission. Its main development trends are as follows:
(1) The application of electro-hydraulic servo proportional technology will continue to expand. The hydraulic system will be transformed from electro-hydraulic on-oE system and open-loop proportional control system to closed-loop proportional servo system. In order to adapt to the above development, sensors such as pressure, flow, position, temperature, speed and acceleration should be standardized. Computer interfaces should also be unified and compatible.
(2) Develop solenoid valves with power consumption less than 5mA and high frequency solenoid valves (less than 3mS) for pulse width modulation system.
(3) Automatic measurement and diagnosis of flow, pressure, temperature and oil contamination of hydraulic system. Due to the decrease of computer price, monitoring system will be developed, including centralized monitoring and automatic adjustment system.
(4) Standardization of computer simulation, especially for high-precision and "advanced" systems.
(5) Electronic direct control components will be widely used, such as the electronic direct control of hydraulic pumps, and the adoption of universal control mechanism will also be discussed in the future. Present situation and development of mechatronics of hydraulic products.
Hydraulic industry:
Hydraulic components will develop in the direction of high performance, high quality, high reliability and complete system; Develop in the direction of low energy consumption, low noise, low vibration, no leakage, pollution control and application of water-based media to meet environmental protection requirements; Develop high integration, high power density, intelligence, electromechanical integration and light and small micro-hydraulic components; Actively adopt new technologies, new materials and high technologies such as electronics and sensors.
The development of hydraulic coupling to high speed, high power and integrated hydraulic transmission device, the development of hydraulic coupling with water medium speed regulation and the development of automobile application field, and the development of hydraulic reducer can improve product reliability and mean trouble-free working time; Hydraulic torque converter should develop high-power products, improve parts manufacturing technology, improve reliability, popularize computer-aided technology, and develop matching technology between hydraulic torque converter and power shift gearbox; The liquid viscous speed regulating clutch should improve the product quality, form a batch, and develop in the direction of high power and high speed.
Pneumatic industry:
Products are developing in the direction of miniaturization, lightweight, low power consumption and integration, and actuators are developing in the direction of multi-type, compact structure and high positioning accuracy; Pneumatic components are combined with electronic technology to develop in the direction of intelligence; The performance of components is developing towards high speed, high frequency, high response, long life, high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance. Oil-free lubrication has been widely used, and new technologies, new processes and new materials have been applied.
(1) adopts high-pressure hydraulic components, with continuous working pressure of 40Mpa and instantaneous maximum pressure of 48Mpa；;
(2) Diversification of control means;
(3) Further improve the regulation performance and improve the efficiency of the transmission system;
(4) Developing a compound adjusting transmission device combining mechanical, hydraulic and electric transmission;
(5) Developing an efficient system with energy saving and energy storage functions;
(6) further reducing noise;
(7) Adopt hydraulic threaded cartridge valve technology, which has compact structure and reduces oil leakage.