Through reading books and papers on production and management this semester and recently, I have a full understanding of these knowledge. From it, I learned the position and importance of production and operation management in enterprise development, which is an expanding space waiting for us to explore! Next, I intend to explain my point of view by combining theory with practice.
First of all, production operation management is to design, operate, control and improve the production system that provides products and services. It belongs to a field of management. The main contents include effective management of value-added transformation process, efficient integration of resources and meeting the specific requirements of products and services. Thus, its concept and content are the necessary basis for its development.
Secondly, we separate it from production and operation:
Production management is a subject that studies how to organize production factors into real productive forces to effectively create products and services, and with the development of modern industrial production, it constantly expands the field of production management. Production here refers to the process of transforming resources into products or services. Operation management is the sum of all activities related to the production of products or services, and its content has developed from the initial management of material product manufacturing activities to the comprehensive management of production and operation related activities.
Then, besides the traditional production management contents, such as the design and analysis of the original production system, production strategy, productivity analysis of the production system, production technology preparation, production planning, material supply, equipment and power management, inventory control and site management, the production operation management also includes the following two modules:
Physical system: various facilities, machinery, transportation tools, warehouses, information, etc.
Management system: planning and control of production operation system, design and configuration of material system, etc.
Of course, apart from the above points, the necessity and certainty of expansion cannot be fully explained. We should also dig deeper. This has to mention the problems that production and operation management can solve and the most important significance of production and operation management.
Production and operation management (Jay? Heise & ampBarry pointed out that the basic problems it can solve are quality management, cost management and schedule management, in addition to equipment management, material management and human resource management.
Its significance includes: it is beneficial for enterprises to create value; It is one of the functions of enterprise management; It is a part of the source of enterprise competitiveness.
Domestically, with the development of China's reform and opening-up, we have experienced the "Total Quality Management" introduced from Japan in the 1980s to the emerging "Toyota" mode of production. From a global perspective, the formation and development of the so-called global market has intensified the fierce competition between domestic and foreign enterprises, forcing enterprises to enhance their competitiveness in an all-round way for survival and development, which requires enterprises to seek new theories and technologies in production management to adapt to the new forms of competition. In addition, information technology is also developing rapidly, and its application status in enterprises is rising, which is changing the face of enterprise production and operation. It can be seen that information technology has become the main force to improve productivity, product quality and economic benefits. In recent years, some new modes of production have emerged to adapt to the new forms of competition, such as lean production mode and computer integrated manufacturing system. Only with the support of computer system can it be realized. The application of computer technology to improve management is becoming a new topic that needs great attention in production and operation management, and will continue to have a greater impact, and more new management methods and technologies to improve production systems have emerged.
In addition, the internationalization of enterprise management is the main business strategy and development trend of enterprises today. A remarkable feature of China's global economic integration is the internationalization of domestic competition and the influx of foreign capital, which has changed many competition rules. It has a far-reaching impact on the management of enterprises, including production and operation management. With the formal arrival of global economic integration, the phenomenon of "internationalization of domestic competition" has appeared in recent years.
This is an industrial era, an era of transition to high-tech industries. In order to survive, develop and realize the transformation from planned economy to market economy, enterprises must constantly adapt to external changes and formulate some new rules to participate in competition, forcing us to keep in touch with new ideas and learn to survive in production management. For the survival of enterprises, China enterprises must adapt to this change, dance with wolves, actively grasp the context and trend of this change, and quickly master new management methods and technologies, so as to enhance their competitiveness and their own capabilities. The pressure of information explosion, the development and progress of technology, the wide use of high-tech and the increase of product development difficulty have made some industries have another new feature, internationalization of international competition, especially the textile and household appliances industries, which refer to the export or investment of products on a global scale, so other new features and new situations will appear. To be bigger and stronger, enterprises must expand from the domestic market to the world market, expand the strategic space for enterprise development, and make enterprises develop continuously. The related work of enterprise production management should carry out new practice according to the new characteristics, find new ideas, and use new technologies to make enterprises develop faster.
At the same time, the progress of science and technology and information technology is accelerating the development of product life cycle and product category. With the development of information technology, some effective methods in production management, including the methods we use now, are probably no longer suitable for the present or even the needs of future competition. For example, the quality management methods we used before, with the influx of Japanese total quality management system in the 1980s, we began to gradually accept and digest Japanese total quality system management and Japanese production method management. In order to learn from others and compete with foreign enterprises, a number of advanced manufacturing technologies have emerged, such as precision machining, special machining and various flexible automation technologies based on computer technology, such as CNC machining, flexible manufacturing systems, robots, computer-aided design and information management systems. These technologies will inevitably bring about management changes, which are triggered by the combination of enterprise management theory and the latest practice of enterprises in China, and will be branded with China characteristics.
Finally, we can see that the development of production and operation management presents the following trends:
Global competitive environment
Enter the age of intelligence
Productivity is improved.
The development of the tertiary industry
The need for reproduction
In a word, whether in service industry or manufacturing enterprises, the change of environment makes the traditional production organization model more and more unsuitable for the new economic development form, which poses a great threat to the production and operation of enterprises, and even leads to bankruptcy in serious cases. Therefore, we must make major adjustments and changes to the original effective production and operation management to meet the current and future competition needs, and grandma must seize the opportunities brought by economic globalization. By integrating the internal resources and capabilities of enterprises, we can build the core competitiveness of enterprises, seize development opportunities, avoid and overcome threats, formulate production strategies that meet the requirements, and fully expand the effectiveness of production operation management in the production process of enterprises. This is an urgent task that every entrepreneur is facing at present.