According to the mission and purpose of marine survey.
Marine survey vessels can be divided into comprehensive survey vessels, professional survey vessels and special marine survey vessels according to their survey tasks.
The instruments and equipment system of the comprehensive survey ship can simultaneously observe and collect basic data and samples of marine hydrology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology and geology, and conduct data analysis, sample identification and preliminary comprehensive research. Must have excellent stability, maneuverability, endurance, self-sustaining, anti-shake, anti-vibration and noise interference, as well as power supply, navigation, low speed and other performance.
The professional survey ship is smaller than the comprehensive survey ship and has a single task. Commonly used are marine hydrological survey vessels, marine geological survey vessels, marine acoustic survey vessels, marine meteorological survey vessels, marine geophysical survey vessels, marine fishery survey vessels and salvage lifeboats.
Special marine survey vessels include: marine survey vessels for space, which receive signals from space equipment such as satellites or spaceships and can send instructions to space equipment; Polar research ship. The hull is particularly strong, with ice-breaking driving ability and cold-proof performance; Deep-sea drilling ship
According to the different sea areas of marine survey.
Marine survey vessels can be divided into two categories: surface and underwater. According to the working sea area, surface ocean survey vessels can be divided into three types: coastal type, offshore type and ocean type. According to the diving depth, underwater marine survey vessels can be divided into four types: shallow sea, middle-deep sea, deep sea and submarine laboratory.
According to the size and displacement of the ship.
There are three models: large, medium and small. The displacement of large-scale marine survey vessels ranges from several thousand tons to tens of thousands of tons, which are used for marine survey activities; The displacement of medium-sized marine survey vessels ranges from 1000 tons to 5,000 tons or 6,000 tons, which are used for offshore survey activities; The displacement of small marine survey vessels, ranging from tens to hundreds of tons, is used for offshore surveys. Generally speaking, large and medium-sized marine survey vessels are mostly engaged in comprehensive marine survey and investigation; Small marine survey vessels are responsible for the investigation and investigation of geology, meteorology, hydrology, physics, chemistry and biology.
According to the ship type and hull structure.
Marine survey vessels can be divided into three types: monohull, catamaran and semi-submersible.
Because the marine survey ship has been active at sea for many years, it has a solid structure, good seaworthiness and stability, and can sail safely in rough seas. The marine survey ship also has good maneuverability, which is flexible not only at constant speed, but also at low speed, so that it can carry out multidisciplinary marine survey activities such as biology, physics, chemistry and geology at various speeds.